Tropical cyclones in 1994

Tropical cyclones in 1994
Year boundaries
First system	01W (Akang)
Formed	January 4, 1994
Last system	Christelle
Dissipated	January 11, 1995
Strongest system
Name	Geralda
Lowest pressure	905 mbar (hPa); 26.72 inHg
Longest lasting system
Name	John (Second longest-lasting tropical system on record)
Duration	31 days
Year statistics
Total systems	124
Named systems	91
Total fatalities	3,733 total
Total damage	$11.2 billion (1994 USD)
Related articles 1994 Atlantic hurricane season 1994 Pacific hurricane season 1994 Pacific typhoon season 1994 North Indian Ocean cyclone season 1993–94 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season 1994–95 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season 1993–94 Australian region cyclone season 1994–95 Australian region cyclone season 1993–94 South Pacific cyclone season 1994–95 South Pacific cyclone season

During 1994, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 124 systems formed with 91 of these developing further and were named by the responsible warning centre. The strongest tropical cyclone of the year was Cyclone Geralda, which was estimated to have a minimum barometric pressure of 905 hPa (26.72 inHg). The deadliest tropical cyclone was Typhoon Fred, which caused 1,248 fatalities in China, while the costliest was Tropical Storm Sharon, which caused an estimated $5.27 billion USD in damage after striking Hong Kong, China and the Philippines. Five Category 5 tropical cyclones formed in 1994. The accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for the 1994 (seven basins combined), as calculated by Colorado State University was 1019 units.

Tropical cyclone activity in each basin is under the authority of an RSMC. The National Hurricane Center (NHC) is responsible for tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic and East Pacific. The Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC) is responsible for tropical cyclones in the Central Pacific. Both the NHC and CPHC are subdivisions of the National Weather Service. Activity in the West Pacific is monitored by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). Systems in the North Indian Ocean are monitored by the India Meteorological Department (IMD). The Météo-France located in Réunion (MFR) monitors tropical activity in the South-West Indian Ocean. The Australian region is monitored by five TCWCs that are under the coordination of the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BOM). Similarly, the South Pacific is monitored by both the Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS) and the Meteorological Service of New Zealand Limited. Other, unofficial agencies that provide additional guidance in tropical cyclone monitoring include the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC).

Global conditions and hydrological summary

Summary

Systems

January

Cyclone Geralda

Tropical cyclones formed in January 1994

Storm name	Dates active	Max wind km/h (mph)	Pressure (hPa)	Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
01W (Akang)	January 4–5	55 (35)	1004	Philippines	$2.4 million	45	[1]
07P	January 6–8	55 (35)	1002	Solomon Islands	None	None
Daisy	January 7–16	155 (100)	935	St. Brandon, Madagascar	Unknown	Unknown
Pearl-Farah	January 10–21	155 (100)	960	Western Australia	None	None
Edmea	January 13–19	95 (60)	976	None	None	None
Sarah	January 22 – February 4	165 (105)	945	Vanuatu, New Caledonia	Unknown	Unknown
Quenton	January 22–29	150 (90)	955	None	None	None
Geralda	January 26 – February 8	205 (125)	905	Madagascar	>$10 million	231	[2]
Sadie	January 29–31	85 (50)	985	Northern Territory, Queensland	None	None

February

Cyclone Theodore

February was an extremely inactive month, featuring only 4 systems, of which all were named. Hollanda was the first storm of the month, peaking as a Category-3 equivalent cyclone and causing strong wind gusts and heavy rainfall on the Mascarene Islands and causing 2 deaths. Ivy and Julita formed afterwards, with Ivy peaking as a Category-3 equivalent cyclone and Julita making landfall on Madagascar. Cyclone Theodore was the last and strongest storm of the month, crossing over into the South Pacific basin and peaking as a Category-4 equivalent cyclone.

Tropical cyclones formed in February 1994

Storm name	Dates active	Max wind km/h (mph)	Pressure (hPa)	Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
Hollanda	February 6–14	155 (100)	940	Mauritius, Réunion	$135 million	2	[3]
Ivy	February 8–20	140 (85)	950	Rodrigues	Minimal	None
Julita	February 15–18	55 (35)	995	Madagascar	Minimal	None
Theodore	February 22 – March 3	215 (130)	910	Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia	Unknown	1	^[citation needed]

March

Cyclone Litanne

Tropical cyclones formed in March 1994

Storm name	Dates active	Max wind km/h (mph)	Pressure (hPa)	Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
Kelvina	March 5–11	85 (50)	985	Madagascar, Mascarene Islands	Unknown	0
Litanne	March 7–19	195 (120)	910	Madagascar, Mascarene Islands	Unknown	0
Mariola	March 10–19	115 (70)	966	None	Unknown	0
Sharon	March 12–22	195 (120)	930	Western Australia	None	None
Tomas	March 19–27	155 (100)	955	Vanuatu, Fiji	Unknown	None
Nadia	March 16 – April 1	175 (110)	925	Madagascar, Mozambique, Malawi	$20.2 million	252	[4][5]
BOB 01	March 21–24	45 (30)	Not specified	None	None	None
Usha	March 24 – April 4	95 (60)	980	Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia	Unknown	None
Tim	March 28 – April 3	65 (40)	995	None	None	None
Odille	March 30 – April 14	175 (110)	925	Mascarene Islands	Unknown	0
Owen (Bising)	March 31 – April 9	110 (70)	980	Caroline Islands, Philippines	Unknown	10	[6]

April

BOB 02

Tropical cyclones formed in April 1994

Storm name	Dates active	Max wind km/h (mph)	Pressure (hPa)	Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
Vivienne	April 5–13	150 (90)	955	None	None	None
29P	April 24–25	55 (35)	1000	Solomon Islands	None	None
Willy	April 26 – May 1	95 (60)	985	Cocos Islands	None	None
BOB 02	April 26 – May 3	215 (130)	940	Bangladesh, Northeast India, Myanmar	$125 million	350	[6][7][8][9][10][11]

May

Typhoon Page

May was the least active month of 1994, featuring only 3 systems, of which only 1 was named. Typhoon Page, the first and strongest storm of the month, formed on May 12 and stayed out to sea, peaking as a Category-2 equivalent cyclone. Deling formed on May 25, causing 5 deaths in the Philippines. A tropical depression was the last storm of the month.

Tropical cyclones formed in May 1994

Storm name	Dates active	Max wind km/h (mph)	Pressure (hPa)	Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
Page (Klaring)	May 12–17	130 (80)	965	Caroline Islands	None	None
04W (Deling)	May 25–26	55 (35)	1004	Philippines	None	5	[12]
TD	May 27	Not specified	1004	None	None	None

June

Hurricane Carlotta

Tropical cyclones formed in June 1994

Storm name	Dates active	Max wind km/h (mph)	Pressure (hPa)	Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
Russ (Emang)	June 3–9	95 (60)	985	China	$728 million	74	[12]
ARB 01	June 5–9	100 (65)	980	Western India, Oman	None	None
Aletta	June 18–23	85 (50)	999	None	None	None
Sharon (Gading)	June 21–25	75 (45)	996	Philippines, South China	$5.27 billion	13	[12]
Heling	June 25–29	Not specified	1002	Philippines, Vietnam	None	None
Bud	June 27–29	75 (45)	1003	None	None	None
Carlotta	June 23 – July 5	165 (105)	967	Socorro Island, Revillagigedo Islands	None	None
Alberto	June 30 – July 7	100 (65)	993	Florida Panhandle, Alabama, Georgia	$1.03 billion	32	[13][14]

November

Cyclone Albertine

Tropical cyclones formed in November 1994

Storm name	Dates active	Max wind km/h (mph)	Pressure (hPa)	Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
Florence	November 2–8	175 (110)	972	None	None	None
Depression	November –	45 (30)	Not specified	Southern India	None	None
Gordon	November 8–21	140 (85)	980	Central America, Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Cuba, Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, Florida, Georgia, Mid-Atlantic states	$594 million	1152	[15][16][17][18]
Vania	November 10–19	100 (65)	980	Vanuatu	Minimal	None
ARB 02	November 15–20	120 (75)	984	Somalia	Unknown	30	[7]
Albertine	November 23 – December 3	175 (110)	925	Mascarene Islands	Unknown	None

December

Cyclone Annette

Tropical cyclones formed in December 1994

Storm name	Dates active	Max wind km/h (mph)	Pressure (hPa)	Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
Annette	December 12–20	185 (115)	925	Western Australia	Minor	None
04P	December 13–17	65 (40)	997	Fiji, Tonga	Unknown	Unknown
Axel (Garding)	December 14–27	155 (100)	950	Caroline Islands, Philippines	None	19	[19]
Bobbie	December 18–26	95 (60)	985	Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands	None	None
Christelle	December 27 – January 11	85 (50)	980	Madagascar, Mascarene Islands	Unknown	None
William	December 30 – January 3	110 (70)	975	Cook Islands, French Polynesia	$2.5 million	None

Global effects

Season name	Areas affected	Systems formed	Named storms	Damage (USD)	Deaths
1994 Atlantic hurricane season ^5	Southeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic states, New England, Bermuda, Lesser Antilles, Central America, Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Cuba, Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, Southern United States, Mid-Atlantic states	12	7	~ $1.93 billion	1,189
1994 Pacific hurricane season ^5	Socorro Island, Revillagigedo Islands, Hawaiian Islands, Johnston Atoll, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, Baja California Peninsula, Southwestern Mexico, Western Mexico, Southwestern United States	22	20	$720 million	4
1994 Pacific typhoon season	Philippines, Caroline Islands, South China, Vietnam, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Mariana Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Korean Peninsula, East China, Russian Far East, Wake Island, Marshall Islands	50	34	$8.14 billion	1,301
1994 North Indian Ocean cyclone season ^4	Bangladesh, Northeast India, Myanmar, Western India, Oman, Pakistan, Somalia	8	4	>$240 million	722
1993–94 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season ^2 ^6	Mauritius, Reunion, St. Brandon, Madagascar, Comoros, Mayotte, Mozambique, Malawi	11	10	>$165 million	495
1994–95 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season ^3 ^6	Mauritius, Réunion, Rodrigues	3	2	Un­known	Un­known
1993–94 Australian region cyclone season ^2	Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands	9	8	Un­known	22
1994–95 Australian region cyclone season ^3	Western Australia	1	1	Minor	None
1993–94 South Pacific cyclone season ^2	Solomon Islands, Fiji	5	3	None	None
1994–95 South Pacific cyclone season ^3	Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga, Cook Islands, French Polynesia	3	2	$2.5 million	None
Worldwide	(See above)	124[a]	91	> $11.2 billion	3,733

1. The sum of the number of systems and fatalities in each basin will not equal the number shown as the total. This is because when systems move between basins, it creates a discrepancy in the actual number of systems and fatalities.

Notes

² Only systems that formed either on or after January 1, 1994 are counted in the seasonal totals.
³ Only systems that formed either before or on December 31, 1994 are counted in the seasonal totals.
⁴ The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the IMD Scale which uses 3-minute sustained winds.
⁵ The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the Saffir Simpson Scale which uses 1-minute sustained winds.
⁶ The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on Météo-France which uses wind gusts.

References

1. United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs (1994-01-13). "Philippines Tropical Storm Akang Jan 1994 UN DHA Information Report 1". ReliefWeb.
2. Guy Le Goff (1994). "1993–1994 Cyclone Season in the South-West Indian Ocean". Météo-France. p. 42. Retrieved 2013-05-05.
3. United Nations Department of Human Affairs (1994). "Mauritius — Cyclones Hollanda/Ivy Feb 1994 UN DHA Situation Reports 1–5". ReliefWeb. Retrieved 2011-10-02.
4. Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. "EM-DAT: The Emergency Events Database". Université catholique de Louvain.
5. UN Department of Humanitarian Affairs (1994). Mozambique: Cyclone Mar 1994 UN DHA Situation Reports 1 – 8 (Report). ReliefWeb. Retrieved 2012-08-12.
6. 1994 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report (PDF) (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
7. "Report on cyclonic disturbances over north Indian Ocean during 1994" (PDF). www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-03-31. Retrieved 2021-03-09.
8. Bangladesh – Cyclone May 1994 UN DHA Information Reports 1–4. United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs (Report). May 1994. ReliefWeb. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
9. "21 Bodies of Thai Fishermen Wash Ashore; Cyclone Toll is 285". Associated Press Worldstream. May 10, 1994. – via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
10. "Thai Survivors Of Cyclone Ready to Sail Home, Toll Up To 308". Associated Press. May 11, 1994. – via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
11. "Thai survivors of cyclone arrive from Bangladesh". Xinhua. May 16, 1994. – via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
12. Bill Kyle (1995). "1994 Tropical Cyclone Summary for the Western North Pacific Ocean (west of 180 degrees)" (PDF). University of Hong Kong.
13. "Storm Data – July 1994" (PDF). National Climatic Data Center. Retrieved September 14, 2012.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
14. Timothy C. Stamey (1995). Floods In Central And Southeastern Georgia In July 1994 (PDF) (Report). Atlanta, Georgia: Georgia Institute of Technology. Retrieved June 19, 2014.
15. Jamaica National Meteorological Service (1994). "Tropical Storm Gordon Preliminary Damage Assessment". Retrieved 2007-09-09.
16. Université Catholique de Louvain (2007). "EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database for North America". Archived from the original on 2007-06-21. Retrieved 2007-09-07.
17. "Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena with Late Reports and Corrections" (PDF). National Climatic Data Center. November 1994. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-02-11. Retrieved 2013-04-01.
18. "Heavy rain in Costa Rica leaves 6 dead" (GIF). United Press International. 1994-11-11. Retrieved 2013-04-02.
19. "New storm offers wet Christmas". Manila Standard. December 24, 1994. pp. 1, 3 – via news.google.com.

External links

Regional Specialized Meteorological Centers

• US National Hurricane Center – North Atlantic, Eastern Pacific
• Central Pacific Hurricane Center – Central Pacific
• Japan Meteorological Agency – NW Pacific
• India Meteorological Department – Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea
• Météo-France – La Reunion – South Indian Ocean from 30°E to 90°E
• Fiji Meteorological Service – South Pacific west of 160°E, north of 25° S

Tropical Cyclone Warning Centers

• Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency of Indonesia – South Indian Ocean from 90°E to 141°E, generally north of 10°S
• Australian Bureau of Meteorology (TCWC's Perth, Darwin & Brisbane) – South Indian Ocean & South Pacific Ocean from 90°E to 160°E, generally south of 10°S
• Papua New Guinea National Weather Service – South Pacific Ocean from 141°E to 160°E, generally north of 10°S
• Meteorological Service of New Zealand Limited – South Pacific west of 160°E, south of 25°S

 This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Weather Service.