Ss Peter and Paul Cathedral, Dogura

Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral
Dogura Cathedral under construction in the 1930s
10.091793°S 150.080567°E / -10.091793; 150.080567
Location	Wedau, Milne Bay
Country	Papua New Guinea
Denomination	Anglican Church of Papua New Guinea
History
Founder(s)	Henry Newton
Dedicated	29 October 1939
Architecture
Architect(s)	Leslie Wilkinson
Style	Romanesque Revival
Years built	1934–1939
Administration
Diocese	Dogura
Clergy
Bishop(s)	Tennyson Bogar

Sts Peter and Paul Cathedral is an Anglican cathedral in Dogura, Papua New Guinea. It was consecrated in 1939, just after the outbreak of World War II. It is the seat of the Bishop of Dogura in the Anglican Church of Papua New Guinea.

History

History of the Dogura mission

In 1883 the Government of the Colony of Queensland annexed the south-eastern quarter of the island of New Guinea, which became the Territory of Papua. In 1890 the Administrator of the Territory of Papua, William MacGregor, brokered a 'comity of missions' agreement between the different Christian denominations, whereby each denomination would restrict its missionary activity to a particular area.^[1] The Church of England was given responsibility for the north-east coast of Papua from Cape Ducie to Mitre Rock, near the border with German New Guinea.^[2] The comity of missions was still in place at the time that Philip Strong was appointed bishop in 1936, although by then it was showing signs of fracture.^[3]

In 1891 two Anglican priests, the Rev Albert Maclaren and the Rev Copland King, founded the New Guinea Mission.^[4] On 10 August 1891 Maclaren and King walked ashore at the beach at Kaieta, near the village of Wedau. 60 metres above Wedau rose the Dogura plateau, a former tribal battleground, and it was here that the two priests established the Dogura mission.^[5] A small bush chapel was built. Maclaren fell ill and died in December, but King persevered.^[6] On Easter Day 1896 the first converts were baptised. This was the prompt for the creation of the Diocese of British New Guinea, and in 1898 Montagu Stone-Wigg was enthroned in Dogura as the first bishop.^[7]

When the bush chapel was replaced by a more permanent structure, it was discovered that one of the corner posts had taken root. That corner post is now a giant Modawa tree, and still stands in the cathedral complex. When the then Archbishop of Canterbury, George Carey, visited in 1991 for the Mission's centenary, he planted a sapling from the tree in Popondetta, the location of the Anglican theological college.^[8] The pro-cathedral, as it became after the creation of the diocese in 1898, was built of 'native materials' in ten days.^[9]

The mission station also included a college for mixed-race children (St Agnes', in nearby Doubina), a school (St Paul's), and a hospital (St Barnabas's); there is a nearby teachers' training college (St Aidan's).^{[10] [11]}

Design and construction

A permanent cathedral was first proposed in 1932 by the then Bishop of New Guinea, Henry Newton, as an expression of emergent unity.^[12] The original design was by Leslie Wilkinson, Professor of Architecture at the University of Sydney, but was found to be too ambitious, and had to be considerably modified.^[13] The modified plan was prepared and executed by Robert Jones, a lay worker at the mission who was subsequently ordained in 1940.^{[14] [15]}

The foundation stone was laid in 1934.^[16] The cathedral contains 20,000 tons of material, all of which was carried up the 220ft plateau by Papuan volunteer workers.^[17] No workers lost their lives in the construction of the cathedral.^[18]

At the time of its construction, the cathedral was the largest building in the territories of Papua & New Guinea.^[19] It is 170ft long and 50 ft wide, and longer than the Anglican cathedrals in Sydney or Melbourne.^[20] At the transepts, the width is 70 ft.^[21] The cathedral is designed in a 'Norman-Romanesque' style, with round windows and Norman arches. It has two transeptal towers, named for the double dedication of Peter and Paul, as well as to each of the two founders of the mission, Maclaren and King.^[22] The height of the cathedral is 40ft; the towers reach 64 ft.^[23]

Consecration and the cathedral in the life of its congregation

Papuans outside the cathedral during its construction in the 1930s.

The cathedral was consecrated in 1939 by William Wand, the Archbishop of Brisbane, the Diocese of New Guinea then forming part of the Province of Queensland. Wand had taught himself a little Wedauan in advance of the visit. As the diocesan boat, the Maclaren King, arrived at Wedau, the assembly of Papuans on the beach sang the hymn Now Thank We All Our God. Wand pronounced a blessing as he stepped ashore, in Wedauan, prompting three cheers from the assembled crowd.^[24]

The jubilee took place in 1941, and was celebrated on the feast of St Laurence, 10 August, with Holy Communion at 6 and 7 am, followed by Mattins at 10 am, and then the ordination of two Papuan priests.^[25]

David Hand, aged just 31, was consecrated bishop in the cathedral in 1950, to become coadjutor bishop of the then Diocese of New Guinea: this was the first episcopal consecration held at Dogura.^[26] The noted Papuan linguist, the Rev Dr Arthur Capell, was made an Honorary Canon of the cathedral in 1956.^[27]

Disrepair

The cathedral was restored in the early 1970s.^[28] Since at least 2017, the Cathedral has been suffering from white ant and termite infestation.^{[29] [30]}

Architecture

Features

There are no pews: the congregation sits and kneels on the floor.^{[31] [32]} There are other local features. In 1939 the incense was from gum from trees, the oil in the sanctuary lamps was from coconuts, and the charcoal from mangrove wood.^[33]

At the time of the consecration there were four windows: St George in the Baptistry; St Paul in the Chapel of the Resurrection; the Resurrection in the same chapel; and a circular window of the Nativity in the Lady Chapel. ^[34] The installation of the other windows was delayed by the European war, but were subsequently installed: a window of St Laurence (being the feast day on which Maclaren and King landed at Wedau) and a window of St Peter. Other features installed by 1940 included a bronze sanctuary lamp, standard candlesticks made of Australian blackwood given by St Peter's, Eastern Hill, and a tabernacle for reservation of the Blessed Sacrament.^[35]

A number of Anglican clergy and lay workers were murdered by the invading Japanese in WWII, north of Dogura in 1942. Two of those were in Gona; a third, Fr James Benson, narrowly escaped death, but was presumed killed, until he stumbled out of the jungle in 1945.^[36] As a memorial to all of those who died at the hands of the Japanese, known as the New Guinea Martyrs, Benson painted a mural on the east end of the Sanctuary of the cathedral.^[37] Benson's mural collapsed in 2017, and is stored on the floor, awaiting funding for restoration.^[38]

Depictions

• In 1946 the Australian stained glass artist Napier Waller created a New Guinea Martyrs Memorial Window for St Peter's, Eastern Hill in Melbourne. The uppermost panel depicts Dogura cathedral on the day of its consecration.^[39]
• To commemorate the centenary of the Anglican Church in Papua New Guinea in 1991, the PNG post office issued three stamps. The 21 toea stamp depicts Dogura cathedral.^[40]

Sub-Deans and Deans

Initially the incumbent was the Sub-Dean (the Bishop being the Dean); since 1968 the incumbent has been the Dean.

• John Dewhurst Bodger, 1940-50^[41] Bodger was a member of the Legislative Council for the Territory of Papua (the predecessor of the Legislative Council of Papua and New Guinea) from 1940.^[42]
• Harold Ernest Palmer, 1950-54^{[43] [44]}
• John Wallace Chisholm, 1954-64. Subsequently Bishop of Melanesia, 1967-75 and briefly Archbishop of Melanesia, 1975.^[45]
• Ian Robert Lovell, 1965-69.^[46]
• Wallace Kibikibi, 1969- ^[47]
• Rhynold Ewaruba Sanana, 1974-77.^[48] Sanana was concurrently an Assistant Bishop of New Guinea 1976-77 and subsequently Bishop of Dogura, 1977-90.
• ?
• Faithful Arewa, c 2020

References

1. Formally, this was the Methodists, the Congregationalists (through the London Missionary Society) and the Church of England, but informally also included the Roman Catholics (through the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart). Holland, Jonathan, The Destiny & Passion of Philip Nigel Warrington Strong, (2019: Lakeside), p 134.
2. Holland, Jonathan, The Destiny & Passion of Philip Nigel Warrington Strong, (2019: Lakeside), p 135.
3. Holland, Jonathan, The Destiny & Passion of Philip Nigel Warrington Strong, (2019: Lakeside), p 135.
4. Holland, Jonathan, The Destiny & Passion of Philip Nigel Warrington Strong, (2019: Lakeside), p 135.
5. Holland, Jonathan, The Destiny & Passion of Philip Nigel Warrington Strong, (2019: Lakeside), p 137.
6. Holland, Jonathan, The Destiny & Passion of Philip Nigel Warrington Strong, (2019: Lakeside), p 138.
7. Holland, Jonathan, The Destiny & Passion of Philip Nigel Warrington Strong, (2019: Lakeside), pp 139 -140.
8. "Church Times: "Papua awaits Dr Carey's first official mission", 2 August 1991, p 1". Retrieved 3 April 2021.
9. "Church Times: "An enthronement in New Guinea", 2 April 1937, p 422". Retrieved 3 April 2021.
10. Holland, Jonathan, The Destiny & Passion of Philip Nigel Warrington Strong, (2019: Lakeside), pp 154-5.
11. "Anglican Relief and Development Fund Australia: PNG Women's and Children's Hospital". Retrieved 5 April 2021.
12. Holland, Jonathan, The Destiny & Passion of Philip Nigel Warrington Strong, (2019: Lakeside), p 153.
13. Strong erroneously refers to Wilkinson as Sydney Wilkinson, thereby conflating his name with his university."Strong, Philip Nigel Warrington, "An account of the Consecration of the Cathedral Church of Ss Peter and Paul, Dogura, Papua, on Sunday, October 29, 1939", Australian Church Quarterly, Vol 5, No 1, 30 March 1940". Retrieved 4 April 2021.
14. "Strong, Philip Nigel Warrington, "An account of the Consecration of the Cathedral Church of Ss Peter and Paul, Dogura, Papua, on Sunday, October 29, 1939", Australian Church Quarterly, Vol 5, No 1, 30 March 1940". Retrieved 4 April 2021.
15. "the Telegraph: "Anglican Ordination of Deacons", 20 September 1940 p 13, via Trove". Retrieved 4 April 2021.
16. "Church Times: "Pure Gold in New Guinea: Papuan Christians Build a Cathedral", 27 October 1939, p 366". Retrieved 3 April 2021.
17. "Church Times: "Pure Gold in New Guinea: Papuan Christians Build a Cathedral", 27 October 1939, p 366". Retrieved 3 April 2021.
18. "Church Times: "Pure Gold in New Guinea: Papuan Christians Build a Cathedral", 27 October 1939, p 366". Retrieved 3 April 2021.
19. "Post-Courier: "A Long Time Ago in Dogura", 9 December 2020". 8 December 2020. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
20. "Dogura Cathedral". Retrieved 1 April 2021.
21. "Strong, Philip Nigel Warrington, "An account of the Consecration of the Cathedral Church of Ss Peter and Paul, Dogura, Papua, on Sunday, October 29, 1939", Australian Church Quarterly, Vol 5, No 1, 30 March 1940". Retrieved 4 April 2021.
22. "Strong, Philip Nigel Warrington, "An account of the Consecration of the Cathedral Church of Ss Peter and Paul, Dogura, Papua, on Sunday, October 29, 1939", Australian Church Quarterly, Vol 5, No 1, 30 March 1940". Retrieved 4 April 2021.
23. "Strong, Philip Nigel Warrington, "An account of the Consecration of the Cathedral Church of Ss Peter and Paul, Dogura, Papua, on Sunday, October 29, 1939", Australian Church Quarterly, Vol 5, No 1, 30 March 1940". Retrieved 4 April 2021.
24. "Strong, Philip Nigel Warrington, "An account of the Consecration of the Cathedral Church of Ss Peter and Paul, Dogura, Papua, on Sunday, October 29, 1939", Australian Church Quarterly, Vol 5, No 1, 30 March 1940". Retrieved 4 April 2021.
25. "Church Times: "Anglican Jubilee in New Guinea", 9 January 1942, p 22". Retrieved 4 April 2021.
26. "Church Times: "A Very Young Bishop in the Church of God", 21 July 1950, p 537". Retrieved 2 April 2021.
27. Crockford's Clerical Directory, 1973-74, 85th Edition, p 1347.
28. "Church Times: "Three bishops walk the trail for funds", 30 March 1972, p 3". Retrieved 4 April 2021.
29. "Post-Courier: "Historic Dogura Cathedral Crumbling", 16 March 2017". 15 March 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
30. "The National: "Cathedral needs repairs", 2 October 2020". Retrieved 1 April 2021.
31. "Post-Courier: "Historic Dogura Cathedral Crumbling", 16 March 2017". 15 March 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
32. "Church Times: "A Very Young Bishop in the Church of God", 21 July 1950, p 537". Retrieved 2 April 2021.
33. "Church Times: "Pure Gold in New Guinea: Papuan Christians Build a Cathedral", 27 October 1939, p 366". Retrieved 3 April 2021.
34. "Strong, Philip Nigel Warrington, "An account of the Consecration of the Cathedral Church of Ss Peter and Paul, Dogura, Papua, on Sunday, October 29, 1939", Australian Church Quarterly, Vol 5, No 1, 30 March 1940". Retrieved 4 April 2021.
35. "Strong, Philip Nigel Warrington, "An account of the Consecration of the Cathedral Church of Ss Peter and Paul, Dogura, Papua, on Sunday, October 29, 1939", Australian Church Quarterly, Vol 5, No 1, 30 March 1940". Retrieved 4 April 2021.
36. "GIVEN UP FOR DEAD". Border Morning Mail. Vol. XLI, no. 12514. New South Wales, Australia. 22 September 1945. p. 1. Retrieved 7 August 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
37. "Papua New Guinea Post-Courier: "The Anglican Church of PNG celebrates its 84th anniversary this month", 20 August 1975, p 5, via Trove". Retrieved 4 April 2021.
38. "Post-Courier: "Historic Dogura Cathedral Crumbling", 16 March 2017". 15 March 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
39. "St Peter's, Eastern Hill: New Guinea Martyrs Window". Retrieved 5 April 2021.
40. "Stamp Data: Cathedral of St Peter St Paul Dogura". Retrieved 5 April 2021.
41. Crockford's Clerical Directory, 1973-74, 85th Edition, p 94.
42. "Papuan Courier: "Legislative Council", 16 August 1940, p 8, via Trove". Papuan Courier (Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea : 1917 - 1942). 16 August 1940. p. 8. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
43. "Church Times: "Church News", 25 August 1950, p 632". Retrieved 3 April 2021.
44. Crockford's Clerical Directory, 1973-74, 85th Edition, p 732.
45. Crockford's Clerical Directory, 1973-74, 85th Edition, p 173.
46. "Church Times: "Obituaries", 17 November 1978, p 18". Retrieved 2 April 2021.
47. Crockford's Clerical Directory, 1973-74, 85th Edition, p 539.
48. "Crockford's Clerical Directory: The Rt Revd Rhynold Sanana". Retrieved 8 June 2021.