Sham

Sham may refer to:

Arabic use

Al-Sham or Shām (شام), is the Arabic term for the Greater Syria region, that is called in English the Levant or the eastern Mediterranean, including the modern countries of Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, Jordan, Cyprus, and Turkey's Hatay Province.
- Bilad al-Sham, the Caliphate province of the same region
- Jund al-Sham, militant group based in Afghanistan, meaning "Army of Syria"
Sham el-Nessim, Egyptian holiday marking the beginning of spring
Sham, or Alsahm, the Arabic name for the star Alpha Sagittae

Fraud
- Sham drug as a quack remedy
- Sham election, another name for a show election
- Sham marriage, a marriage entered into with intent to deceive
- Sham peer review, a fraudulent or malicious form of peer review
Hoax
Placebo, any drug, surgery, or other treatment with intentional (and usually blinded) lack of efficacy
- Sham drug as a placebo used in a single- or double-blinded control group of experiments (see treatment and control groups)
- Sham surgery, surgery omitting the therapeutic component, performed in the single-blinded control group of experiments
Name of a person or group of people:
- Sam the Sham (born 1937), stage name of U.S. rock singer Domingo “Sam” Samudio
- Sham, nickname of Art Shamsky (born 1941), American Major League Baseball outfielder and Israel Baseball League manager
- Sham 69, English punk band
Title of a work of art
- Sham (film), a lost 1921 silent film based on a Broadway play starring Ethel Clayton
- Sham (play), a 1920 one-act stage play by Frank G. Tompkins
Other uses
- Sham, a name for the cover of a pillow
- SHAM, salicylhydroxamic acid, a drug that works against urinary tract infections

Sham (name), list of people with the name
Sham (horse), American Thoroughbred horse born in 1970 who won multiple graded stakes races
- Sham Stakes, a race named for the horse
Sham, Iran
Sham, a character in the X-Men 2099 comic book series
Sham Pain, a single by American heavy metal band Five Finger Death Punch from And Justice For None
Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode (SHAM), a climate pattern