Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

Seven pillars of Ismailism


The Ismā'īlī Shi'a (the Nizari, Druze, and Mustaali) have more pillars than those of the Sunni. The Shahadah (profession of faith) is not considered a pillar and is instead seen as the foundation upon which they are built.[1]

Ismā'īlī pillars

  • Walayah "guardianship" denotes love and devotion to God, the prophets, the scripture, the imams and the du'āt "missionaries". In Ismā'īlī doctrine, God is one and the true desire of every soul, creator of everything. The appointed du'āt lead believers to the right path. The Druze refer to this pillar as Taslīm "Submission".
  • Taharah "purity": The Ismā'īlī lay special emphasis on purity and its related practices, and the Nizari consider this in a more esoteric sense too and apply it to purity of mind, soul and action, the Musta'lis also apply it to ritual practices related to prayer and cleanliness.
  • Salat "prayer": Nizari Ismā'īliyya reason that it is up to the current imām to designate the style and form of prayer, and for this reason the current Nizari prayer is called Du'a and they pray three times a day. These three times have been related with the three times that have been mentioned in the Qur'an: sunrise, before sunset, and after sunset. In contrast, the Musta'lī maintain five prayers and their style is generally closely related to that of the Twelvers. The Druze believe that the meaning of prayer is sidqu l-lisān "speaking Truth (to/about God)" and do not believe in five daily prayers. They do sometimes attend prayers, which is the practice of the "uninitiated" (juhhāl) and historically was also done for reasons of taqiyya.
  • Zakah "charity": with the exception of the Druze, all Ismā'īlī have practices resembling that of Sunni and Twelver Muslims with the addition of the characteristic Shī'a khums: payment of one fifth of all income earned at the end of the year to the imām. Nizari Ismā'īlīs donate 10% to 12.5% of their monthly net income (after taxes, basic living necessities and debt repayment) to the Imām, an amount which includes zakat and khums. Part of this money is typically paid to organizations run by the Aga Khan Development Network, one of the biggest welfare networks in the world. Thus, Ismā'īlīs believe that as Muhammad was designated to take zakāt from the believers in the past, it is now the duty to pay the imām or his representative. The Druze practice hifzu l-'Ikhwān "protection of one's brothers", instead of paying a fee, involves a culturally complex practice of interdependence.
  • Sawm "fasting": Nizari and Musta'lī believe in both a metaphorical and literal meaning of fasting. The literal meaning is that one must fast as an obligation, such as during the Ramadan and the metaphorical meaning being that one is in attainment of the Divine Truth and must strive to avoid worldly activities which may detract from this goal. In particular, Ismā'īlīs believe the real and esoteric meaning of fasting is avoiding devilish acts and doing good deeds. Not eating during the month of Ramadan in conjunction with a metaphorical implementation of fasting. The Druze emphasise the esoteric meaning, which they call tark 'ibādat al-awthān "deserting idol-worship": that which detracts from communion with God is an idol (wathan).
  • Hajj "pilgrimage": For Ismā'īlīs, visiting the imām or his representative is one of the most aspired pilgrimages. There are two pilgrimages, Hajj-i-Zahiri and Hajj-i-Batini. The first is the visit to Mecca; the second, being in the presence of the Imam. The Musta'lī also maintain the practice of going to Mecca. The Druze interpret this completely metaphorically as "fleeing from devils and oppressors" and rarely go to Mecca.[2]
  • Jihad "Struggle": The definition of jihad is controversial as it has two meanings: "the Greater Struggle" and "the Lesser Struggle", the latter of which means a confrontation with the enemies of the faith. The Nizari are pacifist and interpret "adversaries" of the faith as personal and social vices (i.e. wrath, intolerance, etc.) and those individuals who harm the peace of the faith and avoid provocation and use force only as a final resort only in self-defense. The Druze have a long history of military and political engagement, but refer to this pillar solely as Rīda "Contentment" – the war to fight that which removes one from the ease of the Divine Presence, a meaning similar to that of the Nizari. In addition, the 'Uqqāl "Wise Ones", the religious cadre of the Druze, are pacifists.

Druze list

The ordering of the pillars as understood by Druze is as follows:

  1. Taslīm "submission" denotes love and devotion to God, the prophets, the Imām (al-Hakīm) and the du‘āt "missionaries". In Ismā‘īlī doctrine, God is the true desire of every soul, and he manifests himself in the forms of prophets and imāms; the appointed du‘āt lead believers to the right path.
  2. Shahādatayn "profession of faith".
  3. Sidqu l-Lisān "speaking truth (to/about God)": The Druze believe that the meaning of prayer is sidqu l-lisān
  4. Hifzu l-Ikhwān "protection of one's brothers": The Druze practice a culturally complex system of interdependence instead of a set fee to a religious scholar or organisation (i.e. zakat)
  5. Tark ‘Ibādat al-Awthān "deserting idol-worship": The Druze emphasise the esoteric meaning of the traditional pillar called sawm, by which they mean that which detracts from communion with God is an idol (wathan).
  6. Hajj "pilgrimage": The Druze interpret this completely metaphorically as "fleeing from devils and oppressors"
  7. Rīda "contentment": The Druze have a long history of military and political engagement, but refer to this pillar solely as the struggle (jihad) to fight that which removes one from the ease of the Divine Presence, a meaning similar to that of the Nizari. In addition, the ‘Uqqāl "Wise Ones", the religious cadre of the Druze, are pacifists.

See also

References

  1. ^ Poonawala, Ismail K. (5 April 2012) [15 December 2007]. "Ismāʿīlī jurisprudence". Encyclopædia Iranica.
  2. ^ "Isma'ilism". Archived from the original on 2019-03-08. Retrieved 2007-04-24.

Read other information related to :Seven pillars of Ismailism/

7 (disambiguation) Seven News Seven churches of Asia Seven, They Are Seven Seven virtues Seven Dwarfs Twins Seven Seven Seven Sages of Greece Seven Network Seven Second Summits Seven Brides for Seven Brothers Seven Islands Seven Veils Seven of Seven Trinity Seven Seven Wise Masters Seven deadly sins Seven Sages Eureka Seven Seven & I Holdings Seven Arcs Seven (brand) The Secret Seven Seagram's Seven Crown Seven Wonders of Ukraine Seven seals Seven Souls Volcanic Seven Summits Return of the Seven Seven West Media Seven star Rugby sevens The Magnificent Seven (TV series) Seven Wonders of the Anc…

ient World Seven Sisters Seven sins Seven Samurai The Magnificent Seven Ride! Seven hills of Rome Seven heavens Seven Sisters (colleges) Seven Lucky Gods Seven Devils Lake Seven bowls The Magnificent Seven Seven Bridges Seven necessities Sudairi Seven Seven Minutes Seven (record producer) Seven arts Seven Kingdoms (video game) Seven Society The Seven Salem's Seven The Magnificent Seven (2016 film) Seven Enemy Offensives Seven Summits Seven Lakes, Colorado Seven Sleepers The Seven Valleys Seven (Jungkook song) The Saga of Seven Suns Seven Sharp Shed Seven Seven readers Kamakura's Seven Entrances Seven Samurai 20XX Seven Days Battles Seven Arts Pictures Seven and the Sun Seven Is the Number Seven-color tea L-Seven Seven Nations The Oversoul Seven Trilogy Seven Days... Seven Nights Seven Bishops The Seven Deadly Sins (manga) Seven Years Seven hills Seven Hills railway station Seven Weeks Seven Kingdoms II: The Fryhtan Wars Northern Seven Years' War Seven sacraments Genkai Tokki: Seven Pirates Seven Days Rebellion of the Seven States Magnificent Seven Seven Swordsmen Didi Seven Seven Sisters station Defence of the Seven Sacraments Oceans Seven Seven hills of Istanbul Seven-star Cave Se

Read other articles:

الجامع الأموي معلومات عامة القرية أو المدينة الموصل الدولة العراق تاريخ بدء البناء 17 هـ/638 ميلادية التصميم والإنشاء النمط المعماري إسلامية المقاول عرفجة بن هرثمة البارقي تعديل مصدري - تعديل   الجامع الأموي أو الجامع العتيق أو جامع المصفى هو جامع تاريخي يقع في الموصل وبني

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (يوليو 2019) تيم دارسي معلومات شخصية الميلاد 15 يناير 1964 (59 سنة)  غيلونغ  مواطنة أستراليا  الحياة العملية المهنة لاعب كرة قدم أسترالية  [لغات أخرى]‏[1]  ا…

Новий Амстердам - голландське поселення на Мангеттені, зараз знаходиться на території Нью-Йорка. «Новий Амстердам» - один з двох найстаріших театрів Бродвею. «Новий Амстердам» (2008) - драматичний телесеріал про безсмертного детектива на ім'я Джон Амстердам. «Новий Амстердам…

اضغط هنا للاطلاع على كيفية قراءة التصنيف ليمور متوج   حالة الحفظ   أنواع مهددة بالانقراض (خطر انقراض متوسط)[1] المرتبة التصنيفية نوع[2]  التصنيف العلمي  فوق النطاق  حيويات مملكة عليا  حقيقيات النوى مملكة  حيوان عويلم  ثنائيات التناظر مملكة فرعية  …

Q es un personaje ficticio en los filmes y las novelas de James Bond. Q (inicial de «Quartermaster», es decir, intendentes A), al igual que M, más que un nombre es en realidad un título de trabajo. Q es la cabeza de Q Branch, una división de investigación y desarrollo del Servicio Secreto Británico. El personaje tiene una presencia muy fugaz en las novelas de Ian Fleming, mientras que en la serie fílmica tiene más importancia. También es mencionado en las novelas de John Gardner y Raym…

يوسف حنا العيسى معلومات شخصية الميلاد سنة 1870  يافا  الوفاة سنة 1948 (77–78 سنة)  دمشق  الجنسية فلسطيني الديانة مسيحي عائلة عائلة العيسى  [لغات أخرى]‏  الحياة العملية المهنة صحفي  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   يوسف حنا العيسى (1870-1948)، صحفي فلسطيني مُقيم في دمشق، ك

Wedding of Raimondo and Philippa, from a manuscript of a French translation of Boccaccio, illustrated by Jean Fouquet (1458). The wedding is in the centre, while Philippa as a wetnurse is seen at left and at right, in the background, the torture of Philippa and her son. Raimondo de' Cabanni,[a] also called Raymond of Campania[b] (died October 1334), was a Neapolitan knight and courtier of black African origin. Through a combination of his own abilities and an advantageous marriag…

National Football League franchise in Santa Clara, California San Francisco 49ers Current seasonEstablished June 4, 1944; 79 years ago (1944-06-04)[1]First season: 1946Play in Levi's StadiumSanta Clara, CaliforniaHeadquartered in SAP Performance FacilitySanta Clara, California San Francisco 49ers logoSan Francisco 49ers wordmarkLogoWordmarkLeague/conference affiliations All-America Football Conference (1946–1949) Western Division (1946–1948) National Football League…

Brazilian footballer Juvenal Juvenal in 1950Personal informationFull name Juvenal AmarijoDate of birth (1923-11-27)November 27, 1923Place of birth Santa Vitória do Palmar, BrazilDate of death October 30, 2009(2009-10-30) (aged 85)Place of death Salvador, BrazilPosition(s) Centre backSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)1943–1948 Cruzeiro-RS 413 (20)1949–1951 Flamengo 1951–1954 Palmeiras 1954–1958 Bahia 1958–1959 Ypiranga-BA International career1944–1950 Brazil 22 (1) Medal record…

Pokémon: The Rise of MewtwoSutradara Michael Haigney Kunihiko Yuyama Produser Choji Yoshikawa Tomoyuki Igarashi Takemoto Mori Ditulis oleh Takeshi Shudo PemeranVeronica TaylorRachael LillisEric StuartIkue OotaniPhillip BartlettRyan DrummondMaddie BlausteinMichael McGaharnTed LewisDistributorToho (Japan)Warner Bros. (on behalf of Kids' WB) in association withNintendo Pictures (USA)Tanggal rilis 18 Juli 1998 (1998-07-18) Durasi85 Menit (versi Jepang) 75 Menit (U.S. Version)Negara Japan&…

Species of moth Heterocrossa philpotti Holotype of Heterocrossa philpotti hudsoni. Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Lepidoptera Family: Carposinidae Genus: Heterocrossa Species: H. philpotti Binomial name Heterocrossa philpottiDugdale, 1971[1] Synonyms[1] Carposina epomiana philpotti (Dugdale, 1971) Carposina philpotti (Dugdale, 1971) Heterocrossa philpotti is a moth of the family Carposinidae.[2]&…

School in the Philippines This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Tuguegarao City Science High School – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2018) Tuguegarao City Science High SchoolAddressCentro 3, Tuguegarao CityTuguegarao, Cagayan ValleyPhilippinesCoordinates17°36′49″N…

المحقق كونان: الهدف الرابع عشر名探偵コナン 14番目の標的غلاف الفيلممعلومات عامةالتصنيف فيلم أنمي الصنف الفني فيلم جريمة — فيلم غموض — فيلم مغامرة — فيلم رومانسي تاريخ الصدور  اليابان 18 أبريل 1998مدة العرض 95 دقيقةاللغة الأصلية اليابانيةالبلد اليابان الطاقمالمخرج كانيتسوجو كود…

Typical and traditional fare of the Pennsylvania Dutch Part of a series onAmerican cuisine Regional cuisines Northeastern New England New Jersey New York City Philadelphia Midwestern Chicago Michigan North Dakota Ohio Omaha St. Louis Wisconsin Mid-Atlantic Baltimore Pittsburgh Southern (list) Atlanta Cajun Floribbean Kentucky Louisiana Creole Lowcountry Houston New Orleans Texas Tex-Mex Western California California fusion Los Angeles Pacific Northwest Rocky Mountain Southwestern New Mexican Oth…

卡多根伯爵KBE DL本名Charles Gerald John Cadogan, 8th Earl Cadogan出生(1937-03-24)1937年3月24日逝世2023年6月11日(2023歲—06—11)(86歲)国籍 英国头衔 卡多根伯爵(1997年—2023年) 切尔西子爵(1937年—1997年) 配偶 菲利帕·瓦洛普夫人(1963年结婚—1984年丧偶) 詹妮弗·简·格雷格·雷(1989年结婚—1994年離婚) 多萝西·安·希普西(1994年结婚—2023年结束) 儿女 安娜-卡琳娜·卡多根 爱德…

Species of rodent Indian giant flying squirrel Conservation status Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Rodentia Family: Sciuridae Genus: Petaurista Species: P. philippensis Binomial name Petaurista philippensis(Elliot, 1839) Range in red as reported by the IUCN, but see text The Indian giant flying squirrel (Petaurista philippensis), also called the large brown flying squirrel or the c…

Kobra india Efek kobra terjadi ketika solusi yang diharapkan dapat menyelesaikan suatu masalah justru malah memperparah masalah itu.[1] Asal mula Istilah ini bermula sebagai sebuah anekdot pada masa penjajahan Britania di India. Pemerintah Britania merasa khawatir dengan jumlah ular kobra beracun di Delhi.[2] Maka dari itu, mereka menawarkan hadiah untuk setiap kobra mati yang diberikan. Awalnya strategi ini cukup berhasil karena banyak sekali ular yang dibunuh untuk mendapatkan …

German actress You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German. (March 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the German article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the Engl…

Heraldic motto in Scottish heraldry Part of a series onHeraldic achievement External devices in addition to the central coat of arms Escutcheon Field Supporter Crest Torse Mantling Helmet Crown Compartment Charge Motto (or slogan) Coat of arms  Heraldry portalvte The slogan CREAG AN TUIRC appears on the crest badge of a member of Clan MacLaren. Arms of Brady Brim-DeForest, Baron of Balvaird with the motto above the crest and war cry or slogan below. A slogan is used in Scottish heraldry…

American TV series or program Droopy, Master DetectiveGenre Film noir Comedy Satire Based onDroopyby Tex AveryVoices of Don Messick Charlie Adler William Callaway Teresa Ganzel Frank Welker Narrated by Don Messick Gary Owens Frank Welker Theme music composerGary LionelliComposerGary LionelliCountry of originUnited StatesOriginal languageEnglishNo. of episodes13 (39 segments) (list of episodes)ProductionExecutive producerJoseph BarberaProducers Joseph Barbera Don Jurwich Larry Huber Kay Wrig…

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya