SRARP

SRARP
Identifiers
Aliases	SRARP, ERRF, C1orf64, chromosome 1 open reading frame 64, steroid receptor associated and regulated protein
External IDs	MGI: 2685540; HomoloGene: 18717; GeneCards: SRARP; OMA:SRARP - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1p36.13 Start 16,004,236 bp[1] End 16,008,807 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse)[2] Band 4|4 D3 Start 141,159,983 bp[2] End 141,163,416 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in internal globus pallidus substantia nigra inferior ganglion of vagus nerve ventral tegmental area lateral nuclear group of thalamus subthalamic nucleus putamen C1 segment cerebellar vermis postcentral gyrus Top expressed in embryo blastocyst morula trigeminal ganglion striatum of neuraxis olfactory bulb Cerebellum Cortex of frontal lobe primary visual cortex cerebellar cortex More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function estrogen receptor binding Cellular component nucleus cytoplasm Biological process positive regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 149563 277744 Ensembl ENSG00000183888 ENSMUSG00000070637 UniProt Q8NEQ6 Q3ULG3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_178840 NM_001033374 RefSeq (protein) NP_849162 NP_001028546 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 16 – 16.01 Mb Chr 4: 141.16 – 141.16 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Steroid Receptor Associated and Regulated Protein (SRARP) in humans is a protein encoded by a gene of the same name with two exons that is located on chromosome 1p36.13.^[5][6] SRARP contains 169 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 17,657 Da.^[7]

Expression and function in breast cancer

SRARP is co-expressed with the estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR) in breast cancer.^[8][9] In the ER-positive breast cancer cells, SRARP is involved in the transcriptional activities of ER and has shown an interaction with ER using the transient transfection of cells with SRARP and ER constructs.^[10][11] In addition, in AR+ breast cancer cells, SRARP interacts with the endogenous AR protein and acts as a transcriptional corepressor of AR.^[9] Furthermore, the activation of either AR or ER negatively regulates SRARP expression in breast cancer cells.^[9][10]

Tumor suppressor function in malignancies

SRARP and HSPB7^[12] are gene pairs that are positioned 5 kb apart on chromosome 1p36.13.^[13] It is notable that the loss of chromosome 1p36.1 is common in malignancies, occurring in 34% of tumors^[14][15] SRARP and HSPB7 are broadly inactivated in malignancies by epigenetic silencing, copy-number loss, and less frequently by somatic mutations.^[13] In addition, overexpression of SRARP or HSPB7 leads to tumor suppressor effects in cancer cell lines.^[13] Another similar molecular feature between SRARP and HSPB7 is the fact that both of these proteins interact with the 14-3-3 protein.^[9][13] Furthermore, SRARP is a potential cancer biomarker and SRARP inactivation predicts poor clinical outcome in malignancies and adjacent normal tissues using the analysis of large genomic datasets^[13]

Approved Symbol	SRARP
Approved Name	Steroid Receptor Associated and Regulated Protein
HGNC ID	HGNC:28339
Previous Symbol	C1orf64
Alias Symbols	MGC24047, ERRF
Chromosome location	1p36.13
Ensembl	ENSG00000183888
UniProt	Q8NEQ6
NCBI Gene	149563
RefSeq	NM_178840
UCSC	uc001axn.4
Protein Sequence	SRARP Protein Sequence (Ensembl)
Wikidata	Q21105563
PubMed	SRARP PubMed References

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000183888 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000070637 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. "SRARP". HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
6. "SRARP steroid receptor associated and regulated protein [ Homo sapiens (human) ]". NCBI. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
7. "Steroid receptor-associated and regulated protein". UniProt. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
8. Su D, Fu X, Fan S, Wu X, Wang XX, Fu L, et al. (March 2012). "Role of ERRF, a novel ER-related nuclear factor, in the growth control of ER-positive human breast cancer cells". The American Journal of Pathology. 180 (3): 1189–1201. doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.11.025. PMC 3349889. PMID 22341523.
9. Naderi A (August 2017). "C1orf64 is a novel androgen receptor target gene and coregulator that interacts with 14-3-3 protein in breast cancer". Oncotarget. 8 (34): 57907–57933. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.17826. PMC 5593696. PMID 28915724.
10. Luo A, Su D, Zhang X, Qi L, Fu L, Dong JT (September 2016). "Estrogen-estrogen receptor signaling suppresses the transcription of ERRF in breast cancer cells". Journal of Genetics and Genomics = Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 43 (9): 565–567. doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2016.06.003. PMID 27599921.
11. Luo A, Zhang X (May 2016). "ERRF is essential for Estrogen-Estrogen Receptor alpha signaling pathway in ER positive breast cancer cells". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 474 (2): 400–405. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.04.132. PMID 27125460.
12. "Symbol report for HSPB7". HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC).
13. Naderi A (May 2018). "SRARP and HSPB7 are epigenetically regulated gene pairs that function as tumor suppressors and predict clinical outcome in malignancies". Molecular Oncology. 12 (5): 724–755. doi:10.1002/1878-0261.12195. PMC 5928383. PMID 29577611.
14. Henrich KO, Schwab M, Westermann F (December 2012). "1p36 tumor suppression--a matter of dosage?". Cancer Research. 72 (23): 6079–88. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-2230. PMID 23172308.
15. Knuutila S, Aalto Y, Autio K, Björkqvist AM, El-Rifai W, Hemmer S, et al. (September 1999). "DNA copy number losses in human neoplasms". The American Journal of Pathology. 155 (3): 683–94. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65166-8. PMC 1866903. PMID 10487825.