Remains associated with Ronwolffia were originally collected in 1964 by Alberto Elier in the Salla Formation
They were only described in 2008, in two studies by Shockey and Anaya[2] (for postcranial elements, assigned to Cf. Peltephilus sp.), and by Kearney and Shockey (for the cranial remains), the last one concerning the future holotype of the genus, YPM VPPU 020700. Both studies were the basis of a later study by Shockey in 2017 creating the new genus and species Ronwolffia pacifica for the large peltephilid remains from the formation, while the remaining material was assigned to Peltephilidae sp. indet.[1]
Ronwolffia was named to honour Ronald Wolff, a member of the Department of Zoology at the University of Florida. The species name, pacifica, meaning in Latin "pacific", was given to reflect the new consideration on the alimentation of Peltephilidae.[3][1]
Description
Ronwolffia was a medium-sized peltephilid, sharing the U-shaped dental arcade, the robust skull with eight strong teeth in each row that caused the family to be formerly considered as carnivores, the short rostrum, and the wide osteoderms, whose most recognizable were the two horn-like osteoderms in the tip of the cranium. Its skull was as broad but shorter than the skull of the giant armadillo. Its diagnostic features from other peltephilids involved a longer palate than Parapeltecoelus, a smaller sagittal crest than Peltephilus strepens, and it had an arched anterior dental arcade and a flat cranial vault. It was roughly the same size than the later Peltephilus atrox. Its auditory bulla was still incompletely ossified compared to later species[1]
While once believed to have been active predators, due in part to their canine-like teeth, it is now commonly believed that members of the Peltephilidae were burrowing animals, searching the soil for tubers, and perhaps occasionally eating carrion.[3]
^ abcdShockey, B. (2017). "New Early Diverging Cingulate (Xenarthra: Peltephilidae) from the Late Oligocene of Bolivia and Considerations Regarding the Origin of Crown Xenarthra". Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 58 (2): 371–396. doi:10.3374/014.058.0201. S2CID214641639.
^ abShockey, B.; Anaya, F. (2008). "Postcranial Osteology of Mammals from Salla, Bolivia (Late Oligocene): Form, Function, and Phylogenetic Implications". In Sargis, E. J.; Dagosto, M. (eds.). Mammalian Evolutionary Morphology: A Tribute to Frederick S. Szalay. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology Series. Springer. pp. 135–157. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6997-0_7. ISBN978-1-4020-6996-3.
^ abVizcaino, S.F.; FARIÑA, R.A. (2007). "Diet and locomotion of the armadillo Peltephilus: a new view". Lethaia. 30: 79–86. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.1997.tb00446.x.