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Red Dust
Red Dust
	Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Victor Fleming
Written by	Donald Ogden Stewart (uncredited)
Screenplay by	John Mahin
Based on	Red Dust; 1928 play; by Wilson Collison
Produced by	Hunt Stromberg (uncredited); Irving Thalberg; (uncredited)
Starring	Clark Gable; Jean Harlow; Mary Astor; Gene Raymond
Cinematography	Harold Rosson; Arthur Edeson
Edited by	Blanche Sewell
Distributed by	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Release date	October 22, 1932;
Running time	83 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$408,000
Box office	$1.2 million

Red Dust is a 1932 American pre-Code romantic drama film directed by Victor Fleming, and starring Clark Gable, Jean Harlow, and Mary Astor.^[2] It is based on the 1928 play of the same name by Wilson Collison, and was adapted for the screen by John Mahin.^[2]^[3] Red Dust is the second of six movies Gable and Harlow made together. More than 20 years later, Gable starred in a remake, Mogambo (1953), with Ava Gardner starring in a variation on the role Harlow played and Grace Kelly playing a part similar to one portrayed by Astor in Red Dust.

The film, set on a rubber plantation in French Indochina (present-day Vietnam), provides a view into the French colonial rubber business. It includes scenes of rubber trees being tapped for sap, the process of coagulating the rubber with acid, native workers being rousted, gales that can blow the roof off a hut and are difficult to walk in, the spartan living quarters, the supply boat that arrives periodically, a rainy spell that lasts weeks, and tigers prowling the jungle. The film's title is derived from the large quantities of dust stirred up by storms.

In 2006, Red Dust was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

Plot

Mary Astor and Clark Gable in *Red Dust*

On a rubber plantation in French Indochina during the monsoon season, the plantation's owner/manager Dennis Carson (Gable), a prostitute named Vantine (Harlow), and Barbara Willis (Astor), the wife of engineer Gary Willis (Gene Raymond) are involved in a love triangle. Dennis abandons an informal relationship with Vantine to pursue Barbara, but has a change of heart and returns to Vantine. This all unspools against the backdrop of racial and labor tension with local workers ("coolies"), overseer Guidon's drunkenness, a roaming tiger, frequent wind and rain, and servant Hoy (Fung) providing comic relief.

Vantine arrives at the plantation first, on the lam from the authorities in Saigon. She shows an easy comfort in the plantation's harsh environment, wisecracks continually, and begins playfully teasing Dennis as soon as she meets him, including byplay over the merits of Roquefort vs. Gorgonzola cheese. He resists her charms at first, but soon gives in, and they quickly develop a friendly, casual relationship where they tease each other and pretend to be too tough for affection. They call each other "Fred" and "Lily", as though neither can be bothered to remember the other's name.

However, Dennis loses interest in Vantine when the Willises arrive. Gary Willis is a young, inexperienced engineer, and his wife Barbara a classy, ladylike beauty. Dennis is immediately attracted to Barbara, and, after sending Gary on a lengthy surveying trip, he spends the next week seducing Barbara as Vantine watches jealously. He successfully persuades Barbara to leave Gary, but recants after visiting Gary in the swamp and learning how deeply he loves Barbara. Dennis has also seen that Barbara is unsuited for the plantation's primitive conditions, as is Gary, and has a painful memory of his own mother's death on the plantation when he was a boy. He decides to send both of them back to more civilized surroundings.

At the story's climax, Dennis turns Barbara's feelings against him by pretending he never loved her, at which point she shoots him. This provides a cover for Vantine and Dennis to save Barbara's marriage and reputation by insisting to Gary that Barbara rejected Dennis's advances. Gary says he would have shot Dennis if his wife hadn't. The film ends after Dennis has sent the Willises away, with Vantine reading bedtime stories to him as he recuperates from the gunshot wound, as he playfully tries to fondle her, and wisecracks, "Roquefort or Gorgonzola?" before Hoy pokes his head into the room, titters, and has a pillow thrown at him.

Cast

Clark Gable as Dennis Carson
Jean Harlow as Vantine Jefferson
Mary Astor as Barbara Willis
Gene Raymond as Gary Willis
Tully Marshall as "Mac" McQuarg, overseer
Donald Crisp as Guidon, overseer
Willie Fung as Hoy, house servant
Forrester Harvey as Captain Limey

Production

According to John Lee Mahin, the original director was meant to be Jacques Feyder and the original stars were supposed to be John Gilbert and Jean Harlow. Mahin says he suggested Clark Gable play the lead instead of Gilbert to Hunt Stromberg, who agreed. The budget was increased and Feyder was removed from the film.^[4]

One of the movie's most memorable scenes has Harlow taking a bath in a rain barrel. The scene is referenced in another Harlow film, Bombshell, where the set from this movie is replicated. According to legend, during the scene's filming, a topless Harlow stood up in the barrel and proclaimed, "Here's one for the boys in the lab!"^[5]

Pre-Code-era scenes and publicity photographs

Red Dust (1932), a pre-Code Hollywood film, was allowed to show actress Jean Harlow taking a bath, while actor Clark Gable is pulling her hair. A provocative publicity photograph showed Gable embracing Harlow with his hands just below her bosom.

Reception

Variety gave the film a lukewarm reception, stating: "Familiar plot stuff, but done so expertly it almost overcomes the basic script shortcomings and the familiar hot-love-in-the-isolated-tropics theme (from the play by Wilson Collison)."^[6] Unimpressed with Mary Astor's performance, the reviewer wrote: "Astor is ok in the passive virtuous moments, but falls down badly on the clinches, sustained only by Gable."^[7] However, they were complimentary towards Gable's performance, and liked Jean Harlow's portrayal of Vantine: "She plays the light lady to the limit, however, not overdoing anything."^[7]

Modern reviewers are more favorably disposed to the movie. Ozus' World Movie Reviews reported: "Great performances from the stars make you forget that Gable played a sexist and that the melodrama bordered on being camp."^[8] Ken Hanke of the Mountain Xpress wrote: "Red Dust (1932) is something of an anomaly in that it's everything you don't expect from that most conservative of studios Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It is rough, brief, to the point, and gleefully trashy."^[9] Three Movie Buffs Movie Reviews wrote: "Clark Gable and Jean Harlow made six movies together, of which Red Dust was their second. With his man's man persona and her sexy, brassy personality, they made a great onscreen couple. Their scenes together are the best parts of an already good movie."^[10]

Box office

According to MGM records, the film earned $781,000 in the US and Canada, and $442,000 elsewhere, resulting in a profit of $399,000.^[1]

Accolades

In 2002, the film was nominated for the American Film Institute's "100 Years...100 Passions" list.^[11]

Remake

Red Dust was remade by director John Ford in 1953 as Mogambo, this time set in Africa rather than Indochina, and shot on location in color, with Ava Gardner playing Harlow's role and Grace Kelly in Astor's part. Clark Gable returned to play the same character he portrayed twenty-one years earlier. Ford used African tribal music as the film's score.

Home media

Red Dust was first released to home media on VHS by MGM.^[2] In November 2012, the Warner Archive Collection released it on manufactured-on-demand DVD.^[12]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c The Eddie Mannix Ledger, Los Angeles: Margaret Herrick Library, Center for Motion Picture Study.
^ ^a ^b ^c Roberts, Jerry (2003). The Great American Playwrights on the Screen: A Critical Guide to Film, Video, and DVD. Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 110. ISBN 1-55783-512-8.
^ Vieira, Mark A. (2009). Irving Thalberg: Boy Wonder to Producer Prince. University of California Press. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-520-94511-1.
^ McCarthy, Todd; McBride, Joseph (1986). "John Lee Mahin: Team Player". In Patrick McGilligan (ed.). Backstory: Interviews with Screenwriters of Hollywood's Golden Age. University of California Press. p. 253. ISBN 9780520056893.
^ Three Movie Buffs. Movie review: "Red Dust" Reviewed August 14, 2010. Retrieved September 5, 2018.
^ Variety magazine, December 31, 1931, edition
^ ^a ^b Variety review
^ Schwartz, Dennis. Ozus' World Movie Reviews. Reviewed November 4, 2004. Retrieved September 5, 2018.
^ Hanke, Ken. "Red Dust," Mountain Xpress (Asheville, NC). Reviewed February 26, 2013. Retrieved September 5, 2018.
^ Three Movie Buffs. Movie review: "Red Dust"
^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions Nominees" (PDF). Retrieved August 19, 2016.
^ Hicks, Chris (November 10, 2012). "Classic Harlow & Gable flick 'Red Dust' arrives on DVD at long last". Deseret News. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014.