Plettenberg is located to the west of the Sauerland hills. The highest elevation of the town area is in the Ebbe Mountains with 663 m above sea level, the lowest elevation with 194 m near Teindeln [de]. The town is spread out between the four valleys of the rivers Lenne, Else, Oester [arz; ceb; cv; de; zh] and Grüne [ceb].
Division of the town
Plettenberg consists of 5 districts:
Plettenberg (town centre) (14,012 inhabitants)
Eiringhausen (4,905 inhabitants)
Holthausen/upper Elsetal (3,985 inhabitants)
Oestertal (3,055 inhabitants)
Ohle (2,825 inhabitants)
History
Probably the first written proof of Plettenberg was made in a document from Grafschaft Abbey of Anno II, archbishop of Cologne, at that time named Heslipho. The name was later changed to Plettenberg, as the name of the noble family von Plettenberg, who owned virtually all of the town and surrounding lands.
The Dukes of the Mark bought the town from Cologne, who in 1301 built the castle Schwarzenberg (which was destroyed by fire in 1864). In 1387, Count Engelbert III granted the town some privileges, it received full town rights in 1397 from Count Dietrich von der Mark. At the same time, the town was fortified. The town blossomed in the following centuries thanks to mining and iron casting, as well as trading with the Hanseatic League.
In 1941, the town was enlarged to its current size, when the former town and the surrounding Amt were merged.
Population development
Year
Inhabitants
1719
0.749
1758
1,051
1765
0.933
1818
1,307
1839
1,539
1849
1,652
1871
1,976
Year
Inhabitants
1910
05,981
1933
07,169
1998
29,263
1999
29,133
2000
29,031
2001
28,959
2002
28,698
Year
Inhabitants
2003
28,442
2004
28,255
2005
29,130
2006
28,782
2007
27,397
2008
27,026
2009
26,665
Year
Inhabitants
2010
26,494
2011
26,132
2012
25,968
2013
25,684
The number of inhabitants till 1933 is the core town, since 1998 with the incorporated districts.
The coat of arms shows the coat of arms of the counts of Mark in the center. It is displayed between two towers. The coat of arms was granted together with the town rights. In 1794, the crown atop the shield was added in seals of the town. In 1840, the colored version on a shield was adopted.
In 1912, the town council agreed on the historical coat of arms, but the Königliche Heroldsamt in Berlin, which was responsible for the official approval, denied it - at that time the coat of arms of cities were supposed to be crowned by a town wall. However the town council did not want to repeat the symbols (town wall and crown) which was already present in the coat of arms, thus the coat of arms was not officially granted.
After Plettenberg merged with the municipalities of Plettenberg-Land and Ohle in 1940, the council had to decide on the coat of arms again. This time it was officially granted on September 28, 1942, however provisionally due to the war. Yet after the lost war, the coat of arms was never revoked.
The coat of arms of the municipality of Plettenberg-Land showed a silver-blue shield split vertically, the symbol of the master of Plettenberg. It is overlaid with the red-and-white chequered bar of the Mark. The coat of arms was designed by Otto Hupp, and was granted on January 16, 1935. The coat of arms of the Amt Plettenberg was very similar, it only had an additional red shell in the top-left-hand corner as the symbol of the masters of Ohle. Also designed by Otto Hupp it was granted on July 13, 1936.
The coat of arms of the municipality of Ohle shows the Saint Martin of Tours splitting his cloak to share with the beggar. Saint Martin is the patron saint of the church of Ohle. A small escutcheon is placed next to the Saint, showing a red shell on a yellow background, the symbol of the masters of Ohle. The coat of arms was also designed by Otto Hupp, and was granted on October 17, 1935.
