Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal

Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal
Born(1924-09-23)23 September 1924
Died10 January 1978(1978-01-10) (aged 53)
Managua, Nicaragua
Cause of deathGunshot
Notable creditLa Prensa
SpouseVioleta Barrios Torres
Children4

Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal (23 September 1924 – 10 January 1978) was a Nicaraguan journalist and publisher. He was the editor of La Prensa, the only significant opposition newspaper to the long rule of the Somoza family. He is a 1977 laureate of the Maria Moors Cabot Prize of Columbia University in New York. He married Violeta Barrios de Chamorro, who later went on to become President of Nicaragua (1990–1997). In 1978, he was shot to death, one of the precipitating events of the overthrow of the Somoza regime the following year.[1]

Background

Chamorro was a son of Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Zelaya and wife Margarita Cardenal Argüello and paternal grandson of Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Bolaños and wife Ana María Zelaya Bolaños. He was the maternal grandson of Salvador Cardenal Saborío (son of Pedro Cardenal Ayerdi and wife Ana Ma. Saborio Bonilla), and wife Isabel Argüello Prado (daughter of Pedro Argüello Argüello and wife Leocadia Parado y Méndez). Both were relatives of Leonardo Argüello, 66th President of Nicaragua. His great-grandparents were Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Alfaro, 39th President of Nicaragua, and wife María de la Luz Bolaños Bendaña.

He had two brothers, Jaime Chamorro Cardenal and Xavier Chamorro Cardenal, and two sisters, Ligia Chamorro Cardenal, married to Samuel Barreto Argüello (grandchild of president Leonardo Arguello) and Ana María Chamorro Cardenal, married to Carlos Holmann Thompson (son of Edgard T. Holmann Reinecke and wife Carolina Thompson Gutierrez) from San Juan del Sur, parents of Eduardo, Verónica, Hugo Martín, Ana Carolina, Bruno, Ericka, and Juan Lorenzo Holmann Chamorro.

Murder and legacy

Chamorro wrote a letter in 1975 to Somoza: "I am waiting, with a clear conscience, and a soul at peace, for the blow you are to deliver." Three years later, in January 1978, Chamorro was killed by unknown gunmen who pulled up beside him in a car and opened fire with shotguns. Somoza claimed Chamorro was assassinated by Pedro Ramos, a Cuban-American entrepreneur whose business had been attacked by La Prensa. At the time, however, the Chamorro family and the wealthy opposition held that Somoza had ordered him killed. Ramos took refuge in Miami, where he died. He was tried in absentia and found guilty of murder after the revolution, but he never returned to Nicaragua.[citation needed]

At his funeral, thousands of people followed the coffin from Managua's Oriental Hospital to the Chamorro family home, taking turns carrying it.

Following Chamorro's murder, an estimated 30,000 people rioted in the streets of Managua. Cars were set on fire and several buildings belonging to the Somoza family were attacked. A general strike was called. Outside the capital, unrest flared in a number of cities and towns, particularly in areas where National Guardsmen had massacred peasant farmers during the counterinsurgency effort. The government responded with further violence and reintroduced martial law censorship. During 1978, there were seven machine gun attacks and attempted bombings of La Prensa, now under the management of Chamorro's widow, Violeta Barrios de Chamorro.[1] Following Somoza's overthrow, she was a part of the FSLN-based junta from 1979 to 1980.[1] She later broke with the FSLN and was elected president of Nicaragua in 1990.[1]

Speaking about her husband to the participants of the 1998 IPI World Congress in Moscow, Violeta said: "During his whole life, Pedro Joaquín Chamorro was a tireless fighter for democracy in Nicaragua and against the dictatorship of Somoza. This cost him incarceration, torture, exile and finally death. He was warned many times that plans existed to assassinate him, yet no threat detained him from fulfilling his mission to impart the truth and preach democracy."

They had four children:

  • Claudia Lucía Chamorro Barrios, married to Edmundo Jarquín,[1] a relative of Carlos Alberto Brenes, 64th President of Nicaragua. Claudia was a Sandinista activist and ambassador to Cuba and Costa Rica in the 1980s.[1] She and her family moved to the United States in 1991 to seek medical care when one of her sons was diagnosed with leukemia.[1]
  • Cristiana Chamorro Barrios, married to Antonio Lacayo, leading minister in President Chamorro Barrios' cabinet, and later a candidate for the Presidency. She became editor of La Prensa.
  • Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Barrios,[1] married to Martha Lucía Urcuyo. He was a journalist and later a politician that ran for mayor of Nicaragua's capital city of Managua. He was also a Contra leader who spent time in exile in Costa Rica, while his sister Claudia was ambassador on behalf of the FSLN government.[1]
  • Carlos Fernando Chamorro, head of the official newspaper of the Sandinista Government, Barricada, and later a women's rights activist and independent investigative journalist. Chamorro was fired from Barricada by the FSLN in 1994 for refusing to bow to party censorship.[2]

In 2000 he was named one of International Press Institute's 50 World Press Freedom Heroes of the past fifty years.[3]

"Bloody Lineage: The Somozas" ("Estirpe Sangrienta: Los Somoza")

In 1957, "Bloody Lineage: The Somozas" was published by Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal in which he provides a detailed examination of the Somoza family's rule in Nicaragua. The book is regarded as an important source for understanding the political landscape of the time and the dynamics of power in the country. In this book, Chamorro recounts his experiences, including periods of imprisonment and conflict, to provide context to the regime's impact on society. The book combines personal narrative with historical analysis, highlighting the era's political challenges and social conditions while reflecting on themes of institutional governance, civil rights, and the pursuit of justice, contributing to discussions on Nicaragua's political history and aspirations for reform.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Veteran of Nicaragua's Political Turmoil Draws Lessons From Her Child's Short Life". Washington Post. 2003-05-16. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on 2018-06-24. Retrieved 2018-04-28.
  2. ^ Rosenberg, Tina (20 March 2009). "The Many Stories of Carlos Fernando Chamorro". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 23 September 2018.
  3. ^ Michael Kudlak, IPI Report, June 2000, http://www.freemedia.at/fileadmin/media/Documents/Boston_2000_Congress_Report_01.pdf Archived 2012-06-19 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ Estirpe Sangrienta: Los Somoza, Club Confidencial, October 7, 2020, https://club.confidencial.digital/2020/10/07/estirpe-sangrienta-los-somoza/ Archived 2023-10-07 at the Wayback Machine

Read other articles:

Place in Amman Governorate, JordanAl-BahhathAl-BahhathLocation in JordanCoordinates: 31°54′N 35°48′E / 31.900°N 35.800°E / 31.900; 35.800Country JordanGovernorateAmman GovernorateTime zoneUTC + 2 Al-Bahhath (Arabic: البحاث) is a town in the Amman Governorate in northern Jordan.[1] References ^ Maplandia world gazetteer External links Satellite map at Maplandia.com vte Amman GovernorateCapital: AmmanAmman Center DistrictAmman Al-Abdali Bader Al-Mad...

 

Калевипоэгэст. Kalevipoeg «Калевипоэг с мечом» Oskar Kallis. ~1912–1913 Мифология эстонская Местность Эстония Толкование имени сын Калева Пол мужской  Медиафайлы на Викискладе Ка́левипоэг (эст. Kalevipoeg «сын Калева») — в эстонской мифологии богатырь-великан, сын богатыря Калева, а ...

 

Bremervörde Municipio Escudo BremervördeUbicación en el estado de Baja Sajonia Ubicación en el distritoCoordenadas 53°29′00″N 9°08′00″E / 53.483333333333, 9.1333333333333Entidad Municipio • País Alemania • Estado Baja Sajonia • Distrito Rotemburgo del WummeSuperficie   • Total 150,18 km² Altitud   • Media 4 m s. n. m.Población (31 de diciembre de 2022)   • Total 18 793 hab. • D...

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (سبتمبر 2022) خوانان كاسانوفا   معلومات شخصية الميلاد 27 أبريل 1987 (العمر 36 سنة)ميورقة  الطول 1.92 م (6 قدم 3 1⁄2 بوصة) مركز اللعب مدافع الجنسية إسبانيا  معلوم

 

جزء من سلسلة مقالات حولالشيعة العقيدة توحيد الله الإيمان بالملائكة الإيمان بالكتب السماوية الإيمان بالرسل والأنبياء الإيمان باليوم الآخر الإيمان بالقضاء والقدر إحياء شهر مُحرَّم الحرام التوسل عصمة الأئمَّة الاعتقاد بغيبة المهدي الأعياد والمناسبات عيد الفطر عيد الأضحى...

 

دايفيد هانت   معلومات شخصية الميلاد سنة 1954 (العمر 68–69 سنة)  كوفنت غاردن  الإقامة لوس أنجلوسكامبريدجنيويورك  مواطنة المملكة المتحدة  الزوجة باتريشيا هيتون (1990–)  عدد الأولاد 4   الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم مدرسة جولياردجامعة لوفبرا  المهنة ممثل،  ومم

Synaptic Package Manager. Un sistema de gestión de paquetes, también conocido como gestor de paquetes, es una colección de herramientas que sirven para automatizar el proceso de instalación, actualización, configuración y eliminación de paquetes de software. El término se usa comúnmente para referirse a los gestores de paquetes en sistemas Unix-like, especialmente GNU/Linux, ya que se apoyan considerablemente en estos sistemas de gestión de paquetes. En estos sistemas, el software s...

 

Los ministerios federales de Alemania (en idioma alemán: Bundesministerium, plural: Bundesministerien) son las Administraciones federales supremas de Alemania encargadas a un ministro federal. Según la Constitución Alemana el Gobierno federal se compone del canciller y los ministros federales. De acuerdo a las indicaciones generales del canciller federal, cada ministro federal encabeza y dirige su cartera bajo su propia responsabilidad. El número y denominación de los ministerios federal...

 

Earle FoxeFoxe pada 1914Lahir(1891-12-25)25 Desember 1891Oxford, Ohio, Amerika SerikatMeninggal10 Desember 1973(1973-12-10) (umur 81)Los Angeles, California, Amerika SerikatNama lainEarl FoxePekerjaanPemeranTahun aktif1912–1946Suami/istriGladys Elizabeth Borum Tenison (1923-1973) (kematian Foxe) Earle Foxe (nama lahir Earl Aldrich Fox; 25 Desember 1891 – 10 Desember 1973) adalah seorang pemeran asal Amerika Serikat. Foxe berakting dalam 148 film antara 1912 da...

Constituency of the Maharashtra legislative assembly in India Akole Vidhan Sabha seat is one of the seats in Maharashtra Legislative Assembly in India.[1] It is a segment of Shirdi lok Sabha seat. Both Akole assembly and Shirdi parliamentary seats came into existence after constituency map of India was redrawn in 2008.[2] Overview Akole (constituency number 216) is one of the twelve Vidhan Sabha constituencies located in the Ahmednagar district. It comprises part of Sangamner ...

 

American folk band Hiss Golden MessengerHiss Golden Messenger live in 2011Background informationOriginDurham, North Carolina, U.S.GenresIndie folk, blues, alternative country, country rockYears active2007 (2007)–presentLabelsParadise of Bachelors, Heaven & Earth Magic, Blackmaps, Merge, Three Lobed RecordingsMembersMC TaylorChris BoernerAlex BinghamSam FribushNick FalkPast membersScott Hirsch Hiss Golden Messenger is an American folk band originating from Durham, North Carolina, fo...

 

عزلة خدير البدو  - عزلة -  تقسيم إداري البلد  اليمن[1] المحافظة محافظة تعز المديرية مديرية خدير خصائص جغرافية إحداثيات 13°25′24″N 44°17′31″E / 13.4232°N 44.29198°E / 13.4232; 44.29198  الارتفاع 1000 متر  السكان التعداد السكاني 2004 السكان 38٬647   • الذكور 18٬886   •...

Japanese professional wrestler Emiko KadoBorn(1976-01-28)January 28, 1976Osaka Prefecture, JapanDiedApril 9, 1999(1999-04-09) (aged 23)Fukuoka, JapanProfessional wrestling careerRing name(s)Emiko KadoBilled height1.65 m (5 ft 5 in)Billed weight61 kg (134 lb)DebutFebruary 18, 1999 Emiko Kado (門 恵美子, Kado Emiko); January 28, 1976 – April 9, 1999) was a Japanese female professional wrestler. She died after a wrestling injury, only months into her profe...

 

Island in Papua New Guinea Causeway connecting the docks on Tatana Island with the mainland at Port Moresby Tatana Island is located in the National Capital District of Papua New Guinea.[1] Located in the North-West electorate of Port Moresby. The island is about 0.48 km2 (0.19 sq mi) in area, and consists of a single hilly rise some 800 metres (870 yd) by 500 metres (550 yd) in size. All the settlement on the island is concentrated in a strip of buildings alo...

 

Bard mentioned in the Rus' epic The Lay of Igor's Campaign For Slavic name, see Boyan (given name). Boyan (accompanying on the gusli) by Viktor Vasnetsov Boyan (Old East Slavic: Боянъ) is the name of a bard mentioned in the Rus' epic The Lay of Igor's Campaign as being active at the court of Yaroslav the Wise. He is apostrophized as Volos's grandson in the opening lines of The Lay (probably a reference to Veles as the patron of musicians). Historians have been unable to determine whether...

Airport in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Chennai Airport redirects here. For the new airport under construction, see Chennai greenfield airport, Parandur. Chennai International AirportIATA: MAAICAO: VOMMSummaryAirport typePublicOwnerMinistry of Civil AviationOperatorAirports Authority of IndiaServesChennai Metropolitan AreaLocationTirusulam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaOpened1930; 93 years ago (1930)Hub forBlue Dart AviationIndiGoFocus city forAir IndiaGo FirstSpiceJetElevation&#...

 

Database of protein domains, families and functional sites PROSITEContentDescriptionPROSITE, a protein domain database for functional characterization and annotation.ContactResearch centerSwiss Institute of BioinformaticsLaboratoryStructural Biology and Bioinformatics DepartmentPrimary citationPMID 19858104Release date1988 (1988)AccessWebsiteprosite.expasy.org PROSITE is a protein database.[1][2] It consists of entries describing the protein families, domains and fun...

 

Kamp pendidikan ulang XinjiangKamp interniran, kamp indoktrinasi, kamp pendidikan ulangNama lainnyaPusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan KejuruanDibangun olehPartai Komunis CinaDioperasikan olehKomite lokal partai dan pemerintah XinjiangKomandanChen Quanguo (Sekretaris komite)BeroperasiSejak Mei 2014[1] (sebagai bagian dari Kampanye Keras Melawan Terorisme Keras di bawah Xi Jinping) Diperluas pada Agustus 2016[2] (di bawah sekretaris partai Chen Quanguo)Jumlah orang yang dimasukkanHi...

Airport in southern Thailand Hua Hin Airportท่าอากาศยานหัวหินIATA: HHQICAO: VTPHSummaryAirport typePublicOperatorDepartment of AirportsServesHua Hin, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Phetchaburi, Cha-amLocation65 Phetkasem Road, Hua Hin, Prachuap Khiri Khan, ThailandOpened3 February 1961; 62 years ago (1961-02-03)Elevation AMSL62 ft / 19 mCoordinates12°38′10″N 099°57′05″E / 12.63611°N 99.95139°E / 12.63...

 

Expansion of Netflix Netflix is a video on demand service which began expanding its business starting in 2010. The platform started in the United States and expanded for the first time in 2010, to Canada.[1]  This marked the beginning of a long expansion process. By 2015, Netflix was operating in 50 countries. Today, Netflix is in over 190 countries, and has drastically increased their rate of expansion in the last five years.[2] As of 2020, there were 203.67 million peop...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!