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National Philharmonic in Warsaw
National Philharmonic in Warsaw
	Location in Poland
General information
Type	Concert Hall
Architectural style	Socialist realism, Eclecticist
Address	Jasna 5,; Warsaw
Country	Poland
Coordinates	52°14′03″N 21°00′40″E / 52.23417°N 21.01111°E
Current tenants	Warsaw National Philharmonic Orchestra
Construction started	1900
Completed	1901; 123 years ago
Inaugurated	5 November 1901
Design and construction
Architect(s)	Karol Kozłowski (1901); Eugeniusz Szparkowski (1955)
Website
	filharmonia.pl

The National Philharmonic in Warsaw (Polish: Filharmonia Narodowa w Warszawie) is a Polish cultural institution, located at 5 Jasna Street in Warsaw. The building was built between 1900 and 1901, under the direction of Karol Kozłowski, to be reconstructed in 1955 by Eugeniusz Szparkowski. The director of the institution is Wojciech Nowak.^[1]^[2] It is the main venue of the Warsaw National Philharmonic Orchestra.

Since 1955, the institution hosts the International Chopin Piano Competition. The building also hosts the annual festival Warsaw Autumn.^[3]

History

The first building of the Warsaw Philharmonic was designed by Karol Kozłowski.^[4] It was constructed in the years 1900-1901. The official inauguration took place on 5 November 1901. The orchestra was conducted by Emil Młynarski with Ignacy Jan Paderewski appearing as a solo artist, playing his own piano concerto as well as several pieces by Chopin. The bass singer Wiktor Grąbczewski^[5] performed a solo part in a cantata by Władysław Żeleński.

The original building was based on European philharmonics and operas of the nineteenth century, primarily on the Paris Opera. It had a rich Eclecticist design with elements of contemporarily interpreted Neo-romanticism and the Baroque Revival. The building had three floors.^[6] Originally, the main entrance was located from the Jasna Street. The sculptures on the facade were made by Stanisław R. Lewandowski and Władysław Mazur.

The construction was funded by banker Leopold Julian Kronenberg and pianist Ignacy Jan Paderewski among others.

The facade of the original building was decorated with sculptures portraying characters from the works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, Fryderyk Chopin, and Stanisław Moniuszko.^[7] The main concert hall had an area of 730m² and capacity for 2000 people.^[8]

The work of the Philharmonic was interrupted by the Invasion of Poland in September of 1939. The building was burned during the Siege of Warsaw^[9] and then bombed during the Warsaw Uprising in 1944, receiving severe damage.

The rebuilt Philharmonic was opened on 21 February 1955,^[4] on the day of inauguration of the V International Chopin Piano Competition.^[10] Built based on a design by Eugeniusz Szparkowski and Henryk Białobrzeski, the building lost its original rich decorations which were replaced by the estetic of Socialist realism.^[11] The main entrance was moved to Sienkiewicz Street. The main concert hall has capacity for 1072 people and the hall for chamber music has capacity for 378 people.^[12]

Gallery

Warsaw Philharmonic, 1901
Warsaw Philharmonic, c.1901
Interior of the Warsaw Philharmonic, c.1901
Warsaw Philharmonic, 1939

References

^ "Historia". filharmonia.pl. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
^ "Filharmonia Narodowa w Warszawie | Miejsce | Culture.pl". Culture.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 13 April 2017.
^ "Strona główna – BIP – Filharmonia Narodowa w Warszawie". www.filharmonia.4bip.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 13 April 2017.
^ ^a ^b Historia, Filharmonia Narodowa, retrieved 2022-02-21
^ Filharmonia Narodowa w Warszawie, Culture.pl, retrieved 2013-02-14
^ Mika, Grzegorz (November 2021). "Dwa budynki, jedna Filharmonia". Skarpa Warszawska: 17.
^ Maria Bychawska (2001), Henryk Schiller (ed.), 100 lat Filharmonii w Warszawie 1901-2001, Fundacja Bankowa Im. Leopolda Kronenberga, ISBN 83-912670-8-3
^ Mika, Grzegorz (November 2021). "Dwa budynki, jedna Filharmonia". Skarpa Warszawska: 18.
^ Bartoszewski, Władysław; Brzeziński, Bogdan; Moczulski, Leszek (1970). Kronika wydarzeń w Warszawie 1939–1949. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe. p. 20.
^ Jabłoński i in., Krzysztof (1984). Warszawa: portret miasta. Warszawa: Arkady. pp. unnumbered (Kronika odbudowy, budowy i rozbudowy 1945−1982). ISBN 83-213-2993-4.
^ Majewski, Jerzy S. (2013). Warszawa na starych pocztówkach. Warszawa: Agora. p. 129. ISBN 978-83-268-1238-5.
^ Mika, Grzegorz (February 2021). "Dwa budynki, jedna Filharmonia". Skarpa Warszawska: 21.