Mesostigma

Mesostigma
Scientific classification
Clade:	Viridiplantae
(unranked):	Charophyta
Class:	Mesostigmatophyceae
Order:	Mesostigmatales Marin & Melkonian[3]
Family:	Mesostigmataceae Marin & Melkonian[2]
Genus:	Mesostigma Lauterborn[1]
Species
M. viride Lauterborn

Mesostigma is a genus of unicellular biflagellate freshwater green algae, with a single species Mesostigma viride, covered by an outer layer of basket‐like scales instead of a cell wall.^[4][1] It is the only known genus in the class Mesostigmatophyceae^[5] (and thus, the only genus in the family Mesostigmataceae^[2] and the order Mesostigmatales^[3]).

Earlier studies were unable to resolve the position of the species, and it was often placed as a sister to all other green algae, as one of the basal members of the Streptophyta, close to Chaetosphaeridium.^[6][7][8] More recent studies agree that Mesostigma and Chlorokybus form a clade, being the earliest diverging of the green plants, specifically within Charophytes.^{[9][10][11][12]}

References

1. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Mesostigma". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.
2. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Mesostigmataceae". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.
3. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Mesostigmatales". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.
4. Liang, Zhe; Geng, Yuke; Ji, Changmian; Du, Hai; Wong, Chui Eng; Zhang, Qian; Zhang, Ye; Zhang, Pingxian; Riaz, Adeel; Chachar, Sadaruddin; Ding, Yike; Wen, Jing; Wu, Yunwen; Wang, Mingcheng; Zheng, Hongkun (2020). "Mesostigma viride Genome and Transcriptome Provide Insights into the Origin and Evolution of Streptophyta". Advanced Science. 7 (1): 1901850. doi:10.1002/advs.201901850. PMC 6947507. PMID 31921561.
5. Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Mesostigmatophyceae". AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.
6. Marin B, Melkonian M (1999). "Mesostigmatophyceae, a new class of streptophyte green algae revealed by SSU rRNA sequence comparisons". Protist. 150 (4): 399–417. doi:10.1016/S1434-4610(99)70041-6. PMID 10714774.
7. Jeffrey D. Palmer; Douglas E. Soltis & Mark W. Chase (2004). "The plant tree of life: an overview and some points of view". American Journal of Botany. 91 (10): 1437–45. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.10.1437. PMID 21652302.
8. Andreas Simon; Gernot Glöckner; Marius Felder; Michael Melkonian & Burkhard Becker (2006). "EST analysis of the scaly green flagellate Mesostigma viride (Streptophyta): Implications for the evolution of green plants (Viridiplantae)". BMC Plant Biology. 6: 2. doi:10.1186/1471-2229-6-2. PMC 1413533. PMID 16476162.
9. Lemieux C, Otis C, Turmel M (2007). "A clade uniting the green algae Mesostigma viride and Chlorokybus atmophyticus represents the deepest branch of the Streptophyta in chloroplast genome-based phylogenies". BMC Biol. 5: 2. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-5-2. PMC 1781420. PMID 17222354.
10. Becker, B. & Marin, B. (2009). "Streptophyte algae and the origin of embryophytes". Annals of Botany. 103 (7): 999–1004. doi:10.1093/aob/mcp044. PMC 2707909. PMID 19273476.
11. Sánchez-Baracaldo, Patricia; Raven, John A.; Pisani, Davide; Knoll, Andrew H. (2017-09-12). "Early photosynthetic eukaryotes inhabited low-salinity habitats". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (37): E7737 – E7745. Bibcode:2017PNAS..114E7737S. doi:10.1073/pnas.1620089114. PMC 5603991. PMID 28808007.
12. Gitzendanner, Matthew A.; Soltis, Pamela S.; Wong, Gane K.-S.; Ruhfel, Brad R.; Soltis, Douglas E. (2018). "Plastid phylogenomic analysis of green plants: A billion years of evolutionary history". American Journal of Botany. 105 (3): 291–301. doi:10.1002/ajb2.1048. ISSN 0002-9122. PMID 29603143.

External links

• [1] from Algaebase