List of supernova candidates

Map showing various supernova candidates, most of which are within one kiloparsec from the Solar System.^[1]

This is a list of supernova candidates, or stars that are believed to soon become supernovae. Type II supernova progenitors include stars with at least 8~10 solar masses that are in the final stages of their evolution. Prominent examples of stars in this mass range include Antares, Spica, Gamma Velorum,^[2] Mu Cephei, and members of the Quintuplet Cluster.^[3] Type Ia supernova progenitors are white dwarf stars that are close to the Chandrasekhar limit of about 1.44 solar masses and are accreting matter from a binary companion star.

The list includes massive Wolf–Rayet stars, which may become Type Ib/Ic supernovae, particularly oxygen-sequence (Wolf-Rayet WO) stars. As of 2023, most of these candidates are in the Milky Way galaxy, however five oxygen-sequence Wolf-Rayet stars are also known in other galaxies.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Identifier	Epoch J2000		Constellation	Distance (light years)	Spectral class	Evolutionary stage	Possible supernova type	Notes
	R. A.	Dec.
NLTT 12758	04^h 12^m 26.33^s	−11° 17′ 47.3″	Eridanus[4]	115±0.1		White dwarf	Ia	Supernova will occur in 140 billion years[5]
IK Pegasi	21^h 26^m 26.7^s	+19° 22′ 32″	Pegasus	154.4±1.0[6]	A8m:/DA	White dwarf	Ia	Supernova will occur in 1.9 billion years[7]
WD J181058.67+311940.94	18^h 10^m 58.7^s	+31° 19′ 40.9″	Hercules[4]	160		White dwarf	Ia	Supernova will occur in 23 billion years[8]
Nunki	18^h 55^m 15.92650^s	–26° 17′ 48.2068″	Sagittarius	228±5	B2.5 V	Main sequence	II	Supernova will occur in 20 million years[9]
Spica	13^h 25^m 11.6^s	−11° 09′ 40.8″	Virgo	250+14 −13[10]	B1	Subgiant		[11]
Acrux	12^h 26^m 35.9^s	–63° 05′ 56″	Crux	320±20[10]	B0.5 IV	Main sequence (blue dwarf)	II	[12]
Alpha-2 Crucis	12^h 26^m 36.4^s	–63° 05′ 58″	Crux	320±20[10]	B1 V	Main sequence (blue dwarf)	II	[12]
Zeta Ophiuchi	16^h 37^m 09.5^s	−10° 34′ 02″	Ophiuchus	365±6.52[1]	O9.5V	Main sequence (blue dwarf)		[1]
Betelgeuse	05^h 55^m 10.3^s	+07° 24′ 25″	Orion	~400–500[13]	M2Iab	Red supergiant	IIP	[14]
Alpha Lupi	14^h 41^m 55.8^s	–47° 23′ 17″	Lupus	465+12 −11[10]	B1.5	Blue giant	II	[11]
Antares	16^h 29^m 24.5^s	–26° 25′ 55″	Scorpius	554+113 −80[10]	M1.5Iab-b	Red supergiant	IIP	[11]
Pi Puppis	07^h 17^m 08.6^s	–37° 05′ 51″	Puppis	807+72 −61[10]	K3 Ib	Red supergiant	II?	[1][15]
S Monocerotis A	06^h 40^m 58.7^s	+09° 53′ 44″	Monoceros	920+150 −110[10]	O7V	Main sequence (blue dwarf)	II	[1]
S Monocerotis B	06^h 40^m 58.7^s	+09° 53′ 44″	Monoceros	920+150 −110[10]	O9.5V	Main sequence (blue dwarf)	II	[1]
Rigel	05^h 14^m 32.3^s	–08° 12′ 06″	Orion	1118+30 −28[6]	B8Ia	Blue supergiant	IIn(pec?)	[16]
Gamma^2 Velorum	08^h 09^m 32.0^s	−47° 20′ 12″	Vela	1120+130 −100[10]	WC8	Wolf–Rayet star	Ib/Ic	[17][2]
Alnitak	05^h 40^m 45.5^s	−01° 56′ 34.3″	Orion	1260±180	O9.5Iab	Blue supergiant		[18]
HD 49798	06^h 48^m 04.7^s	−44° 18′ 58″	Puppis	1699±46[19]	sdO5.5/D[20]	White dwarf	Ia	Supernova will occur in a few tens of thousands of years[21][22]
119 Tauri	05^h 32^m 12.8^s	+18° 35′ 40″	Taurus	1790+300 −220[10]	M2Iab-Ib	Red supergiant	IIb	[1][15]
Deneb	20^h 41^m 25.9^s	+45° 16′ 49″	Cygnus	2615±215[1]	A2la	Blue supergiant	IIL	[1]
T Coronae Borealis	15^h 59^m 30.2^s	+25° 55′ 13″	Corona Borealis	2690+110 −100[6]	M3III/D	White dwarf	Ia	[23]
KPD 1930+2752	19^h 32^m 14.9^s	+27° 58′ 35″	Cygnus	2860+130 −120[6]	sdB/D	White dwarf	Ia	[nb 1][24][25]
Mu Cephei	21^h 43^m 30.5^s	+58° 46′ 48″	Cepheus	3060+456 −130[26]	M2Ia	Red hypergiant	IIn/IIb	[27]
Rho Cassiopeiae	23^h 54^m 23.0^s	+57° 29′ 58″	Cassiopeia	3440+930 −610[6]	G2Ia0e	Yellow hypergiant	IIL	[28]
VY Canis Majoris	07^h 22^m 58.3^s	−25° 46′ 03″	Canis Major	3930+420 −350[29]	M5eIa	Red hypergiant	II	[14][30]
IRAS 17163-3907	17^h 19^m 49.3^s	−39° 10′ 37.9″	Scorpius	3930+990 −660[6]	late B/early A	Yellow hypergiant	II	[31]
Wray 17-96	17^h 41^m 35.4^s	–30° 06′ 39″	Scorpius	3940+1110 −710[6]	B3	Luminous blue variable
VV Cephei A	21^h 56^m 39.1^s	+63° 37′ 32″	Cepheus	4900[32]	M2Iab	Red hypergiant		[1]
Mu Sagittarii	18^h 13^m 14.8^s	–21° 03′ 32″	Sagittarius	5100[33]	B8Iap	Blue supergiant		[34]
P Cygni	20^h 17^m 47.2^s	+38° 01′ 59″	Cygnus	5250±590[35]	B1Ia+	Luminous blue variable	IIb	[36]
HD 168625	18^h 21^m 19.5^s	−16° 22′ 26″	Sagittarius	5250+600 −490[6]	B6Ia	Luminous blue variable	II	[37]
NML Cygni	20^h 46^m 25.6^s	+40° 06′ 59.4″	Cygnus	5250+420 −360[38]	M6I	Red hypergiant	II	[39]
IRC +10420	19^h 26^m 48.1^s	+11° 21′ 17″	Aquila	5600+2200 −1200[6]	F8Ia+	Yellow hypergiant	IIb	[40][41]
WR 142	20^h 21^m 44.3^s	+37° 22′ 31″	Cygnus	5670+290 −270[6]	WO2	Wolf–Rayet star	Ib/Ic
WR 136	20^h 12^m 06.5^s	+38° 21′ 18″	Cygnus	6700+500 −430[6]	WN6(h)-s	Wolf–Rayet star	Ic
RS Ophiuchi	17^h 50^m 13.2^s	–06° 42′ 28″	Ophiuchus	7380+1000 −790[6]	M2III/D	White dwarf	Ia
Eta Carinae	10^h 45^m 03.6^s	−59° 41′ 04″	Carina	8630+69 −68[6]	LBV/O	Luminous blue variable	Ib	[42][43]
WR 93b	17^h 32^m 03.3^s	−35° 04′ 32″	Scorpius	8700+1900 −1300[6]	WO3	Wolf–Rayet star	Ib/Ic
WR 102	17^h 45^m 47.5^s	−26° 10′ 27″	Sagittarius	9410+840 −710[6]	WO2	Wolf–Rayet star	Ib/Ic
HD 179821	19^h 13^m 58.6^s	+00° 07′ 32″	Aquila	10500+2100 −1500[6]	G5Ia	Yellow hypergiant	IIL	[44][45]
T Pyxidis	09^h 04^m 41.5^s	−32° 22′ 48″	Pyxis	10700+1700 −1300[6]		White dwarf	Ia	[46][47]
WR 104	18^h 02^m 04.1^s	–23° 37′ 41″	Sagittarius	13400+9200 −3900[6]	WC9d/OB	Wolf–Rayet star	Ib/Ic with Grb?	[48][49]
WR 30a	10^h 51^m 38.9^s	−60° 56′ 35.2″	Carina	38900+18500 −9500[6]	WO4/O5((f))	Wolf–Rayet star
Sher 25	11^h 15^m 07.8^s	−61° 15′ 17″	Carina	43500+5200 −4200[6]	B1.5Iab	Blue supergiant		[50]
U Scorpii	16^h 22^m 30.7^s	–17° 52′ 42″	Scorpius	63900+68500 −17300[51]		White dwarf	Ia	[52]
LMC195-1	05^h 18^m 10.3^s	−69° 13′ 03″	Dorado	160000[6]	WO2	Wolf–Rayet star	Ib/Ic
S Doradus	05^h 18^m 14.4^s	−69° 15′ 01″	Dorado	169000	LBV	Luminous blue variable		[53]
SMC AB8	01^h 31^m 04.1^s	−73° 25′ 04″	Hydrus	200000[6]	WO4/O4	Wolf–Rayet star	Ib/Ic
DR1	01^h 05^m 01.6^s	+02° 04′ 20″	Cetus	2350000	WO3	Wolf–Rayet star	Ib/Ic with Grb?	[54]

Notes

1. The Kitt Peak Downes star.

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