This article lists the lord ruler of Lan Na from the foundation of the Ngoenyang in 638 until the end of Kingdom of Chiang Mai under Siamese administration in 1939.
Bayinnaung marched his forces upon Chiang Mai. Facing overwhelming odds, Mekuti chose to surrender. The siege and capture of Chiang Mai were swift, lasting a mere three days. Despite this conquest, Bayinnaung initially allowed Mekuti to remain as King of Chiang Mai. This arrangement continued until the passing of Wisutthithewi. Following her death, Bayinnaung appointed his own son, Nawrahta Minsaw, as the new King of Chiang Mai, effectively bringing the Mangrai Dynasty to an end.[1]
Naresuan led an army to attack Lan Na in 1584. Nawrahta Minsaw could not resist, so he surrendered, and Lan Na became a vassal state in 1596.[1]
Anaukpetlun marched his forces to capture Chiang Mai.[14] Thado Kyaw, the ruler of Chiang Mai at that time, was captured and was executed.[15] Consequently, Chiang Mai once again fell under Burmese dominion. Subsequently, Chao Phol Suek Sai Chai Songkhram, the former ruler of Nan, was installed as the new ruler of Chiang Mai.
Anaukpetlun was assassinated, plunging the kingdom into a turbulent succession crisis. Taking advantage of this instability, Chao Phol Suek Sai Chai Songkhram, the ruler of Chiang Mai, seized the opportunity to reclaim Lan Na's sovereignty, proclaiming its independence from Burmese rule.[16]
Following the assassination of Anaukpetlun and Chiang Mai’s subsequent declaration of independence, Thalun ascended to the Burmese throne. The following year, the Burmese army launched another invasion of Chiang Mai. Phol Suek Sai Chai Songkhram was captured to Hanthawaddy (Pegu).[16] Subsequently, Chao Fa Luang Thipphanet was installed as the new ruler of Chiang Mai,[1][17] marking the end of city's brief period of independence. However, this part of the Chiang Mai Chronicle[1] contradicts the evidence from Burmese,[18] Ayutthaya,[19] and Chiang Saen[20] sources. This has led to debate over whether the records from this period might contain translation errors from the Chiang Saen Chronicle or other sources.[21]
In 1727, Thepsingha assembled a group of followers and launched a surprise nighttime raid on Chiang Mai.[1] He killed Nga Ngo, the reigning ruler of Chiang Mai, and subsequently seized power, proclaiming himself the new king.
He took control of Chiang Mai after collaborating with the Burmese to drive out Thepsingha.[1]
In the year 1763, the Burmese forces, under the command of Po Apai Kamini, launched a major offensive, deploying nine divisions to conquer Chiang Mai and Lamphun. Following their successful campaign, the Burmese army forcibly deported a significant number of the Ong Kham family members and the local population of Chiang Mai to Ava.[1] Po Apai Kamini subsequently established a military presence in Chiang Mai to secure Burmese control over the region.
After the successful campaign to reclaim Lan Na's independence, spearheaded by Kawila, formerly the ruler of Lampang and a scion of Thipchang, the progenitor of the Thipchak dynasty, and aided by his seven brothers, and with the military backing of Taksin, Lan Na was integrated into the Thonburi kingdom as a vassal state.