List of countries in Europe by military expenditures

This article lists military spending in European countries by varying methods including as a percentage of GDP per capita and as a total capital expenditure as listed by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute unless otherwise stated or cited.

The share of total expenditure, the average defence spending was 2.5 % in 2021 in the EU and 2.4% in the euro area. As a share of GDP the average was 1.3% in the EU and in the euro area.[1]

Total defence expenditure of the European Defence Agency (EDA) Member States was €214 billion in 2021, which was 1.5% of the 26 EDA Member States’ GDP, the same percentage as in 2020.[2]

By GDP per capita

The European Union European Defence Agency member state average spend on defence as a percentage of GDP was 1.5% in 2022.[2]

Rank (lowest first) Country Percentage of GDP expenditure, 2023[3]
29 Albania Albania 1.74%
1 Andorra Andorra [a]
49 Armenia Armenia 5.45%
13 Austria Austria 0.84%
50 Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 4.60%
18 Belarus Belarus 1.80%
16 Belgium Belgium 1.21%
14 Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.81%
27 Bulgaria Bulgaria 1.85%
41 Croatia Croatia 1.78%
38 Cyprus Cyprus 1.82%
22 Czech Republic Czech Republic 1.52%
24 Denmark Denmark 1.95%
41 Estonia Estonia 2.87%
35 Finland Finland 2.42%
39 France France 2.06%
25 Georgia (country) Georgia 1.68%
23 Germany Germany 1.52%
47 Greece Greece 3.23%
28 Hungary Hungary 2.13%
5 Iceland Iceland (2021) 0.1%[1][b]
6 Republic of Ireland Ireland 0.22%
34 Italy Italy 1.61%
10 Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 0.48%
15 Kosovo Kosovo 1.25%
40 Latvia Latvia 2.27%
8 Liechtenstein Liechtenstein (assumed 2017) 0.4%[6][c]
46 Lithuania Lithuania 2.72%
11 Luxembourg Luxembourg 0.75%
9 Malta Malta 0.56%
7 Moldova Moldova 0.55%
1 Monaco Monaco [d]
31 Montenegro Montenegro 1.63%
29 Netherlands Netherlands 1.53%
31 North Macedonia North Macedonia 1.70%
33 Norway Norway 1.61%
45 Poland Poland 3.83%
21 Portugal Portugal 1.52%
36 Romania Romania 1.61%
48 Russia Russia 5.86%
1 San Marino San Marino [e]
44 Serbia Serbia 2.85%
37 Slovakia Slovakia 2.02%
17 Slovenia Slovenia 1.34%
26 Spain Spain 1.51%
42 Sweden Sweden 1.47%
12 Switzerland Switzerland 0.70%
19 Turkey Turkey 1.50%
51 Ukraine Ukraine 36.65%
43 United Kingdom United Kingdom 2.26%
1 Vatican City Vatican City [e]

By total capital expenditure

Country US $m in 2023[10]
Albania Albania 397,6
Andorra Andorra [a]
Armenia Armenia 1329,5
Austria Austria 4410,0
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 3561,7
Belarus Belarus 1403,1
Belgium Belgium 7629,4
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina 216,7
Bulgaria Bulgaria 1918,4
Croatia Croatia 1439,1
Cyprus Cyprus 566,9
Czech Republic Czech Republic 5056,3
Denmark Denmark 8144,9
Estonia Estonia 1189,5
Finland Finland 7348,0
France France 61301,3
Georgia (country) Georgia 504,6
Germany Germany 66826,6
Greece Greece 7729,8
Hungary Hungary 4355,5
Iceland Iceland [b]
Republic of Ireland Ireland 1269,2
Italy Italy 35528,9
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 1236,3
Kosovo Kosovo 133,2
Latvia Latvia 1045,3
Liechtenstein Liechtenstein [c]
Lithuania Lithuania 2160,8
Luxembourg Luxembourg 662,5
Malta Malta 112,6
Moldova Moldova 93,4
Monaco Monaco [d]
Montenegro Montenegro 114,5
Netherlands Netherlands 16624,8
North Macedonia North Macedonia 266,6
Norway Norway 8668,6
Poland Poland 31649,9
Portugal Portugal 4223,2
Romania Romania 5610,7
Russia Russia 109454,4
San Marino San Marino [e]
Serbia Serbia 2135,8
Slovakia Slovakia 2663,1
Slovenia Slovenia 907,5
Spain Spain 23699,1
Sweden Sweden 8754,9
Switzerland Switzerland 6293,4
Turkey Turkey 15827,9
Ukraine Ukraine 64753,2
United Kingdom United Kingdom 74942,8
Vatican City Vatican City [e]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Government expenditure on defence". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2023-10-27.
  2. ^ a b "EDA Defence Data". eda.europa.eu. 30 November 2023. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  3. ^ "SIPRI Military Expenditure Database | SIPRI". www.sipri.org. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  4. ^ "Andorra", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-10-19, retrieved 2023-10-27
  5. ^ "Iceland", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-11-06, retrieved 2023-11-12
  6. ^ O’Riordan, Sean (2018-06-08). "Ireland's defence spending is lowest in Europe at 0.3% of GDP". Irish Examiner. Retrieved 2023-10-27.
  7. ^ "Monaco (08/05)". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 2023-10-27.
  8. ^ "San Marino", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-10-19, retrieved 2023-10-27
  9. ^ "Holy See (Vatican City)", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-11-01, retrieved 2023-11-12
  10. ^ "SIPRI Military Expenditure Database". sipri.org. Retrieved 2024-04-28.
  11. ^ "Liechtenstein", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-10-19, retrieved 2023-10-27

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b Defence is the responsibility of France and Spain.[4]
  2. ^ a b Defence is the responsibility of NATO.[5]
  3. ^ a b No regular military forces.[11]
  4. ^ a b Defence is the responsibility of France.[7]
  5. ^ a b c d Defence is the responsibility of Italy.[8][9]