List of Polish–Ottoman wars

Poland (Kingdom of Poland and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) and the Ottoman Empire have been in many armed conflicts against one another. This includes Polish or Ottoman intervention in wars such as the Hungarian–Ottoman War (1437–1442) or the Battle of Verbia.

Note that this list doesn't only contain wars, but armed conflicts as a whole. Therefore, single battles or raids are allowed to be on here.

  Polish or Polish–Lithuanian victory

  Ottoman victory

  Another result (Result unknown or indecisive, Status quo ante bellum, treaty or peace without a clear result)

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Kingdom of Poland against the Ottoman Empire (1375–1561)

Year	Conflict	Polish side	Ottoman side	Result
1375–1377	Hungarian–Ottoman War[1] Part of the Hungarian–Ottoman Wars Location: Balkans, Kingdom of Hungary	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Poland	Ottoman Empire Bulgarian Empire Wallachia	Polish–Hungarian victory[2] Great financial losses to Hungarian treasury[3]
1389–1396	Hungarian–Ottoman War[4] Part of the Hungarian–Ottoman Wars Location: Syrmia, Nikopol, Balkans, Kingdom of Hungary Battles: Battle of Nicopolis	Kingdom of Hungary Wallachia France Croatia Holy Roman Empire Bulgarian Empire District of Branković Kingdom of Poland Knights Hospitaller	Ottoman Empire Moravian Serbia	Ottoman victory[5] Sigismund of Luxembourg abandons offensive campaigns and begins building a system of fortifications along the southern border[6]
1415–1419	Hungarian–Ottoman War[7] Part of the Hungarian–Ottoman Wars Location: Doboj, Nikopol, Balkans, Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Bosnia	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Poland  Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Ottoman Empire Wallachia Kingdom of Bosnia Serbian Despotate	Indecisive Ottoman Empire consolidates position of Turkish control in the Kingdom of Bosnia[8] Kingdom of Hungary reconquers Banate of Severin[9]
1437–1442	Hungarian–Ottoman War[10] Part of the Hungarian–Ottoman Wars Location: Szendrő, Belgrade, Sibiu, Iron Gates, Balkans, Kingdom of Hungary Battles: Siege of Belgrade Battle of Hermannstadt	Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Poland Serbian Despotate Taborites Kingdom of Bosnia	Ottoman Empire Wallachia	Polish–Hungarian victory[10][11] The Ottoman Empire temporarily loses control of the Principality of Wallachia[10][11]
1443–1444	Crusade of Varna[12] Part of the Hungarian–Ottoman Wars and the Crusades Location: Southern Europe, Balkans Battles: Battle of Nish Battle of Zlatitsa Battle of Kunovica Battle of Varna	Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Hungary Croatia  Grand Duchy of Lithuania Serbian Despotate Crown of Bohemia Wallachia Bulgarian rebels Kingdom of Bosnia Papal States Teutonic Order Duchy of Burgundy  Republic of Venice Republic of Ragusa Byzantine Empire	Ottoman Empire	Ottoman victory[12][13][14] Ottoman Empire becomes free from any serious attempts to push it out of Europe for the next few decades[12] King Władysław III of Poland is killed in action by the Ottomans[12]
1475	Battle of Vaslui[15] Part of the Moldavian–Ottoman Wars and Hungarian–Ottoman Wars Location: Near Vaslui	Moldavia Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Hungary	Ottoman Empire	Moldavian–allied victory[16]
1485–1503	Polish–Ottoman War[17] Location: Wild Fields, Moldavia, Southern Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania Battles: Campaign–box: Polish–Ottoman War (1485–1503)	Kingdom of Poland Duchy of Masovia Teutonic Order  Grand Duchy of Lithuania	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Moldavia	Ottoman–led victory[18][19] Moldavia gains Pokuttia[19]
1502–1510	Moldavian–Polish War[20] Part of the Moldavian–Polish Wars Location: Pokuttia, Moldavia, Kingdom of Poland	Kingdom of Poland	Moldavia Ottoman Empire	Polish victory[20][21] Bogdan III the One-Eyed relinquishes his claim to Pokuttia and his marriage plans with Elizabeth Jagiellon[22]
1524	Turko–Tatar raid on Poland[23][24]	Kingdom of Poland	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate	Polish victory[25][26] Ottomans and Tatars kicked out of Poland[25][26]
1561	Battle of Verbia[27] Part of the Moldavian Magnate Wars Location: Verbia, Dorohoi County, Moldavia	Rebel forces Kingdom of Poland  Grand Duchy of Lithuania Holy Roman Empire Knights Hospitaller Zaporizhian Sich	Moldavia Ottoman Empire Wallachia	Rebel victory[28] Rebels gain control over most of Moldavia[28]

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth against the Ottoman Empire (1593–1699)

Year	Conflict	Polish side	Ottoman side	Result
1593–1606	Long Turkish War[29] Part of the Ottoman–Habsburg Wars Location: Hungary, Wallachia, Balkans Battles: Campaign–box: Long Turkish War	Habsburg Monarchy Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia Grand Duchy of Tuscany Knights of St. Stephen Principality of Transylvania Wallachia Moldavia  France  Spain Duchy of Ferrara Zaporozhian Cossacks Serbian hajduks Papal States Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate	Inconclusive[30] Peace of Zsitvatorok (1606)[30]
1595	Jan Zamoyski's expedition to Moldavia[31] Part of the Moldavian Magnate Wars Location: Iași, Țuțora, Moldavia Battles: Battle of Cecora Battle of Suceava	Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth	Ottoman Empire Moldavia Crimean Khanate	Polish–Lithuanian victory[32] Moldavia becomes Polish vassal[33]
1607	Stefan Potocki's expedition to Moldavia[34][35]	Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth	Moldavia Crimean Khanate	Polish victory[34][35] Mihail Movilă overthrown in favour of Constantin Movilă[34]
1612	Battle of Cornul lui Sas[36][37] Part of the Moldavian Magnate Wars Location: Popricani, Iași County	Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Moldavian opposition	Ottoman Empire Moldavia Crimean Khanate	Moldavian–allied victory[36][37]
1615–1616	Samuel Korecki's expedition to Moldavia[38] Part of the Moldavian–Polish Wars Location: Iași, Țuțora, Moldavia	Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Moldavian opposition	Ottoman Empire Moldavia Crimean Khanate Wallachia	Moldavian–Ottoman–Tatar victory[39] Samuel Korecki imprisoned[39]
1620–1621	Polish–Ottoman War[40] Location: Moldavia and Bukovina Battles: Battle of Cecora Battle of Khotyn	Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Registered Cossacks Moldavia	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Transylvania	Inconclusive Treaty of Khotyn (1621)[41]
1633–1634	Polish–Ottoman War[42] Location: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	Ottoman Empire Moldavia Budjak Horde	Indecisive[43][a] Status quo ante bellum[45]
1666–1671	Polish–Cossack–Tatar War[46] Part of the Russo-Polish War (1654–1667) Location: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Cossack Hetmanate, Crimean Khanate Return of the Victorious by Józef Brandt, 19th century	Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth	Cossack Hetmanate Crimean Khanate Ottoman Janissaries	Polish–Lithuanian victory Start of the next Polish–Ottoman War[47]
1672–1676	Polish–Ottoman War[48] Location: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Battles: Campaign–box: Polish–Ottoman War (1672–1676)	Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Wallachia (1673) Supporters of Khanenko	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Supporters of Doroshenko	Ottoman victory[47][b] Treaty of Buchach: Ottoman Empire gains Podolia and parts of Central Ukraine[49] Treaty of Żurawno: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth regains Bila Tserkva and Pavoloch[50]
1683–1699	Polish–Ottoman War[51] Part of the Great Turkish War Location: Austria, Crimea, Hungary, Moldavia, Serbia, Ukraine Battles: Battle of Vienna Battle of Párkány Battle of Chițcani Battle of Reni Siege of Kamenets Battle of Hodów Battle of Ustechko Battle of Podhajce	Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Zaporozhian Cossacks Holy Roman Empire Tsardom of Russia (1686–1699)	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate Principality of Upper Hungary (until 1865) Transylvania Hungarian Kuruc Resistance	Holy League victory[52] Treaty of Karlowitz[52] Ottoman Empire returns Podolia and the south of Right-bank Ukraine to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth[53] Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth returns Khotyn, Câmpulung, Soroca, Suceava and Neamț (all taken during the war) to Moldavia[53]

Notes

1. Polish–Lithuanian military victory^[44]
2. Polish–Lithuanian military victory^[47]

References

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3. Rúzsás, Lajos; Szakály, Ferenc, eds. (1986). Mohács: tanulmányok a mohácsi csata 450. évfordulója alkalmából. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó. ISBN 978-963-05-3964-7.
4. Tuchman 1978, p. 549-566.
5. Tuchman 1978, p. 561.
6. Huizinga, Johan. The Autumn of the Middle Ages. Translated by Payton, Rodney J.; Mammitzsch, Ulrich. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. p. 69.
7. Sievernich, Gereon; Budde, Hendrik (1989). Europa und der Orient 800-1900, 28. Mai-27. August 1989: eine Ausstellung des 4. Weltkulturen Horizonte 89 im Martin-Gropius Bau. München: Bertelsmann Lexikon Verl. pp. 245–248. ISBN 978-3-570-04814-6.
8. "Doboj 1415". Balkan Military History. Retrieved 2024-02-14.
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13. Borus, József, ed. (1985). Magyarország hadtörténete. 1: A honfoglalástól a kiegyezésig / szerkesztő Borus József. Budapest: Zrínyi Katonai Kiadó. ISBN 978-963-326-337-2.
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21. Plewczyński, Marek (2011). Wojny i wojskowość polska XVI wieku. T. 1: Lata 1500 - 1548. Seria Bitwy, Taktyka. pp. 149–156. ISBN 978-83-89943-64-4.
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24. Wawrzyniak, Krzysztof (June 2003). Ottoman Polish diplomatic relations in the sixteenth century. Ankara: Bilkent University. p. 32.
25. "Sukces polityki unikania wojny z Turcją: pokój z 1533 r." www.wilanow-palac.pl.
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34. Besala, Jerzy. Wielkie zwycięstwa Rzeczypospolitej. p. 28.
35. Kolodziejczyk, Dariusz (2011-06-22). The Crimean Khanate and Poland-Lithuania: International Diplomacy on the European Periphery (15th-18th Century). A Study of Peace Treaties Followed by Annotated Documents. BRILL. p. 433. ISBN 978-90-04-19190-7. Due to a Tatar raid of Poland, undertaken on the news of the death of the powerful hetman Zamoyski, Oleszko did not depart until 1607, but his mission was crowned with a success.
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49. Tucker 2010, p. 655.
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51. Tucker 2010, p. 661.
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Bibliography

• Tuchman, Barbara (1978), A Distant Mirror: The Calamitous 14th Century, pp. 549–566
• Horea Teculescu, "Sicriul lui Despot-Vodă", in Țara Noastră, Vol. XI, Issue 1, January 1931, pp. 12–18.
• A. D. Xenopol, Istoria românilor din Dacia Traiană. Vol. V: Epoca lui Mihai Viteazul. Bucharest: Cartea Românească, 1927.
• Tucker, Spencer Coakley (2010), A Global Chronology of Conflict, vol. 2, Santa Barbara