List of Alaska ballot measures
The U.S. state of Alaska has had a system of direct voting since 1956, when it was still a territory . The first ballot measures were related to statehood and the constitution of the new state.[ 1]
Background
Alaska was purchased by the United States in 1867, however, it did not become an incorporated territory of the United States until 1912.[ 2] The Constitution of Alaska , itself ratified by a vote of the people in 1956, outlined specific guidelines for ballot measures in Article XI, stating that "the people may propose and enact laws by the initiative, and approve or reject acts of the legislature by the referendum."[ 3] : 180 Congress approved statehood in 1958 and when Alaska formally entered the union in 1959, it became the 20th state to have a system of direct voting.[ 1]
In 1960, Alaskan voters saw seven ballot measures on election day, including an initiative that would move the state capital from Juneau to an undefined location in the Cook Inlet .[ 4] While this measure was defeated, four of the first six initiatives proposed moving the location of the capital, with different proposals appearing on the ballot in 1962, 1974, 1978, and 1994.[ 1] The 1974 initiative passed, but voters rejected the required funding for such a move in 1980.[ 5]
The Alaskan Legislature took steps to limit the number of measures that could appear on the ballot every year in 2004.[ 6] The new rules, passed as a constitutional amendment, required that measures initiatives and referendums receive signatures from three-quarters of Alaska's legislative districts and increased the total number of signatures required.[ 7]
In 2020, Alaska became the second state in the nation to adopt a ranked-choice voting system when Ballot Measure 2 passed by less than 4,000 votes.[ 8] Implementation of this system was postponed while state courts processed several legal challenges, but the Alaska Supreme Court upheld the measure in January 2022.[ 9] The system was first used in the 2022 special election primary.[ 10]
1960–1999
1960
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1973
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1983
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
1999
2000–
2000
2002
2004
2006
2007
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
See also
Notes
^ "Yes" votes indicate votes cast specifically for the winning location, Willow
^ "No" votes indicate votes cast for the two losing locations. Larson Lake received 33,170 votes (31.42%) while Mount Yenlo received 16,169 votes (15.32%).
^ Would not take effect until 24 other states adopt similar ban
^ Overturned in 2014 by Hamby v. Parnell
^ Partially overturned by Thompson v. Hebdon
References
^ a b c "Alaska" . Initiative & Referendum Institute . Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ Gislason, Eric. "A Brief History of Alaska Statehood (1867-1959)" . American Studies at the University of Virginia . Archived from the original on 2012-06-21. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ Harrison, Gordon (2012). Alaska's Constitution: A Citizen's Guide (PDF) (5th ed.). Juneau: Alaska Legislative Affairs Agency. Retrieved 2022-07-02 .
^ Brown, Benjamin (2018-05-03). "The long-debated capital move has resurfaced" . Juneau Empire . Retrieved 2022-07-02 .
^ Kitchenman, Andrew (2019-04-19). "Moving Alaska's legislature to Anchorage could cost up to $45M, analysts say" . Eye on the Arctic . Retrieved 2022-07-02 .
^ Barry, Tim (2003-02-06). "House Passes HJR 5" . Alaska State Legislature's Majority Organization . Archived from the original on 2008-07-06. Retrieved 2022-07-02 .
^ "Alaska Legislature Passes Amendment to Reform Initiative Process" . Sit News . 2004-05-22. Retrieved 2022-07-02 .
^ Piper, Kelsey (2020-11-19). "Alaska voters adopt ranked-choice voting in ballot initiative" . Vox . Retrieved 2022-07-02 .
^ Brooks, James (2022-01-20). "Alaska Supreme Court upholds elections ballot measure, state will use ranked-choice voting" . Anchorage Daily News . Retrieved 2022-07-02 .
^ Brooks, James (2022-04-08). "Alaska's first ranked-choice election will be a special vote to replace Rep. Don Young" . Anchorage Daily News . Retrieved 2022-07-02 .
^ a b "Moving the Capital: A History of Ballot Measures" . Alaska Division of Elections . Archived from the original on November 30, 2018. Retrieved December 17, 2021 .
^ Official Returns of Primary Election Held August 9, 1960 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1960. p. 9.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr "Bond Propositions Appearing on the Ballot in Alaska" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . January 30, 2015. Retrieved December 17, 2021 .
^ a b c d e f Official Returns General Election (November 8, 1960) (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1960. p. 28.
^ a b c d e "Official Returns by Election Precinct" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . November 6, 1962. Retrieved December 20, 2021 .
^ a b State of Alaska Official Returns General Election (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1964. pp. 27– 33.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah "Constitutional Amendments Appearing on the Ballot in Alaska" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . December 28, 2016. Retrieved December 23, 2021 .
^ State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: Primary Election (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1966. pp. 33– 38.
^ a b c d e f g State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: General Election (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1966. p. 22.
^ a b State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: Primary Election August 27, 1968 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1968. pp. 27– 33.
^ a b c d "Referendum History" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . April 7, 2015. Retrieved December 23, 2021 .
^ a b c d e f g h i State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: General Election November 5, 1968 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1968. p. 26.
^ a b c d e State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: Primary Election August 25, 1970 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1970. p. 34.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Advisory Votes, Propositions, and Questions Appearing on the Ballot in Alaska" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . 2015-01-30. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: General Election November 3, 1970 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1970. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: Primary Election August 22, 1972 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1972. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e f g h i State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: General Election November 7, 1972 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1972. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ State of Alaska Official Returns by Election precincts: Special Election March 6, 1973 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1973. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: Primary Election August 27, 1974 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1974. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk "Initiative History" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . Retrieved 2022-06-18 .
^ a b c d e f g h i j State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: General Election November 5, 1974 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1974. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: Primary Election August 24, 1976 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1976. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: General Election November 2, 1976 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1976. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: General Election November 7, 1978 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1978. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: Primary Election August 26, 1980 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1980. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: General Election November 4, 1980 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1980. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e f g h i State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: General Election November 2, 1982 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1982. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d State of Alaska Official Returns by Election Precinct: General Election November 6, 1984 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1984. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e Official Returns: November 4, 1986 General Election (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1986. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c State of Alaska Official Returns: November 8, 1988 General Election (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1988. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b State of Alaska Official Returns: August 28, 1990 Primary Election (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1990. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b State of Alaska Official Returns: November 6, 1990 General Election (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1990. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ State of Alaska Official Returns: November 3, 1992 General Election (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 1992. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e "1994 General Election Official Results Statewide Summary - November 8, 1994" . Alaska Division of Elections . Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c "Official - State of Alaska - General November 5, 1996" . Alaska Division of Elections . 1996-11-27. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e f g "State of Alaska 1998 General Election Official Results" . Alaska Division of Elections . 1998-12-01. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ "State of Alaska Special Election Official Results" . Alaska Division of Elections . 1999-09-30. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e f "State of Alaska General Election 2000 Official Results" . Alaska Division of Elections . 2000-12-05. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ "Primary Election - August 27, 2002 Official Results" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . 2002-09-18. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d e f "General Election - November 5, 2002 Official Results" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . 2002-12-06. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d "2004 General Election Official Results" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . 2004-12-03. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b "State of Alaska - 2006 Primary Election Official Results" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . 2006-09-18. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b "State of Alaska - 2006 General Election Official Results" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . 2006-12-05. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ "State of Alaska - 2007 Special Election Official Results" . Alaska Division of Elections . 2007-05-01. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c d "State of Alaska - 2008 Primary Election Official Results" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . 2008-09-18. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ "State of Alaska - 2008 General Election Official Results" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . 2008-12-03. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b "State of Alaska 2010 Primary Election Official Results" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . 2010-09-13. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c "State of Alaska 2010 General Election Official Results without US Senate Race" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . 2010-11-30. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b "State of Alaska 2012 Primary Election Official Results" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . 2012-09-17. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b "State of Alaska 2012 General Election Official Results" (PDF) . Alaska Division of Elections . 2012-11-28. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ 2014 Primary Election Official Results (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 2014-03-09. p. 9. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b c 2014 General Election Official Results (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. p. 6. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ a b 2016 General Election official Results (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 2016-11-30. p. 6. Retrieved 2022-06-20 .
^ 2018 General Election Official Results (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 2018. p. 6. Retrieved 2022-06-18 .
^ a b 2020 General Election Summary Report (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 2020-11-30. p. 25. Retrieved 2022-06-18 .
^ State of Alaska Official Election Pamphlet - November 8, 2022 (PDF) . Juneau: Alaska Division of Elections. 2022. p. 67.
^ "2022 General Election - Election Summary Report" (PDF) . State of Alaska Division of Elections . 2022-11-30. Retrieved 2024-08-06 .
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