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Kosmos 7
	A Zenit reentry capsule
Names	Zenit 2-4; Sputnik 17
Mission type	Optical imaging reconnaissance; Radiation
Operator	Soviet space program
Harvard designation	1962 Alpha Iota 1
COSPAR ID	1962-033A
SATCAT no.	346
Mission duration	4 days
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft type	Zenit-2
Manufacturer	OKB-1
Launch mass	4610 kg
Start of mission
Launch date	28 July 1962, 09:18:31 GMT
Rocket	Vostok-2
Launch site	Baikonur Site 1/5
Contractor	OKB-1
End of mission
Disposal	Recovered
Landing date	1 August 1962
Landing site	Kazakhstan
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth
Perigee altitude	197 km
Apogee altitude	356 km
Inclination	64.95°
Period	90.1 minutes
Epoch	28 July 1962
	Zenit programme; Zenit-2 ← Zenit 2-3 Zenit 2-5 → Kosmos (satellites) ← Kosmos 6 Kosmos 8 →

Kosmos 7 (Russian: Космос 7 meaning Cosmos 7), also known as Zenit-2 No.4 and occasionally in the West as Sputnik 17 was a Soviet reconnaissance satellite launched in 1962. It was the seventh satellite to be designated under the Kosmos system, and the second successful launch of a Soviet reconnaissance satellite.^[3]

Spacecraft

Kosmos 7 was a Zenit-2 satellite, a first generation, low resolution reconnaissance satellite derived from the Vostok spacecraft used for crewed flights.^[1] It also marked the first successful launch of a Vostok-2, on the second attempt. It had a mass of 4,610 kilograms (10,160 lb).^[1] The first Vostok-2 launch, also carrying a Zenit-2 satellite, suffered an engine failure seconds after launch on 1 June 1962, fell back to earth and exploded within 300 metres (980 ft) of the launch pad.

Kosmos 7 was one of a series of Soviet Earth satellites whose purpose was to study outer space, the upper layers of the atmosphere, and the Earth. Scientific data and measurements were relayed to Earth by multichannel telemetry systems equipped with space-borne memory units.

Mission

Vostok-2, s/n T15000-07, was used to launch Kosmos 7.^[4] The launch was conducted from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, and occurred at 09:18:31 GMT on 28 July 1962.^[5] Kosmos 7 was placed into a low Earth orbit with a perigee of 197 kilometres (122 mi), an apogee of 356 kilometres (221 mi), an inclination of 64.95°, and an orbital period of 90.1 minutes.^[2] It conducted a four-day mission, before being deorbited and landing by parachute on 1 August 1962, and recovered by the Soviet forces in the steppe in Kazakhstan.^[6]

It was the second Zenit-2 to reach orbit, the first being Kosmos 4. The next Zenit-2 launch will be Kosmos 9.^[3] In addition to reconnaissance, it was also used for radiation measurements made for safety during the flight of the Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 spacecraft.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Cosmos 7: Display 1962-033A". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA. 27 February 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ ^a ^b "Cosmos 7: Trajectory 1962-033A". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA. 27 February 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ ^a ^b Wade, Mark. "Zenit-2". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 23 May 2012. Retrieved 23 May 2009.
^ McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 23 May 2009.
^ Wade, Mark. "Soyuz". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 7 January 2010. Retrieved 23 May 2009.
^ McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 23 May 2009.