Clark was born in Kilwinning, and went to Ayr Grammar Primary School then Kyle Academy, both in Ayr, before attending the University of Aberdeen,[2][3] receiving an LLB in 1990. She was Chair of Aberdeen University Labour Club, NUS (Scotland) Women's Officer and active in women's campaigns, anti-poll tax campaigning, and the campaign against the Gulf and then Iraq War. She received a Diploma in Legal Practice from the University of Edinburgh in 1991.[3] She qualified as a solicitor in England, Scotland and Wales specialising in civil litigation, criminal defence work and employment law. She was active in MSF trade union and Edinburgh and District Trades Council in the 1990s before joining TGWU in 1998.
She was a solicitor in private practice in Edinburgh and Musselburgh from 1991 to 1998,[4] an Executive Member of the Scottish Council for Civil Liberties, and a legal officer, then Head of Membership Legal Services with UNISON[5] nationally from 1998 to 2005. Whilst at the latter organisation, she undertook employment litigation, including Europe's biggest equal pay case, in which she won £35m in back pay for female nurses and other medical staff in the North West of England who had been unlawfully underpaid compared with their male colleagues.[4][6]
She joined the Labour Party at the age of seventeen[7] and is a member of the Unite, GMB and UNISON trade unions. Her great-great grandfather, Alexander Sloan, was Labour (ILP) MP for South Ayrshire from 1939 until his death in 1946.[5]
One of the few left-wing members of Labour's 2005 intake of MPs,[9] she was a member of the Socialist Campaign Group[12] and a founder member of the Scottish Labour Party Campaign for Socialism.[13] Of the twenty-four members of the Campaign Group, she was the only one under the age of 50.[9][12]
Clark established a reputation as a rebel within the Parliamentary Labour Party, voting against ID cards.[16] However, she did not consider herself to be a rebel, stating that her "views are consistent with Labour's traditions".[17] She was one of 16 signatories of an open letter to party leader Ed Miliband in January 2015, calling on the party to commit to oppose further austerity, take rail franchises back into public ownership and strengthen collective bargaining arrangements.[18]
Human rights and internationalism
Clark campaigned on human rights issues, and was one of 95 Labour MPs who opposed replacing Britain's Trident nuclear weapons system.[19] She supported a 'No' vote in the 2011 AV Referendum.[20]
Clark is a Patron of the Greek Solidarity Campaign.
Refugee rights
Clark campaigned to support European Union emergency plans to ensure safety for migrants crossing the Mediterranean.[24]
LGBT rights
Throughout her time as an MP, Clark consistently voted in favour of increased rights for LGBT+ people,[25] including voting in favour of same-sex marriage in 2013.[26]
Constituency campaigns
On local issues, she campaigned against the contracting out of Calmac lifeline ferry services, with her first Parliamentary Question being about the tendering of services; for compensation of the victims of the Farepak Christmas savings scheme; against the privatisation of DM Beith; against the closure of Coastguard Stations and job centres; and for the retraining of former workers employed at the closed Simclar factory.[27][28]
Trade union campaigns
She was Secretary of the Trade Union Group of Labour MPs and Chair of the CWU Group of MPs, taking up many trade union, equalities, human rights, consumer and employment rights issues in Parliament. She was also a member of the GMB, UNISON, FBU, Bakers Union, NUJ, UNITE, PCS, RMT, ASLEF and TSSA Parliamentary Groups.[3]
Clark was not elected when she stood as a left candidate to be Deputy Leader of the Scottish Labour Party in 2014, arguing for a change in direction.[7] She lost her Commons seat of North Ayrshire and Arran at the May 2015 general election to the SNP candidate Patricia Gibson.[30]
Leadership of Jeremy Corbyn: 2015–2020
Clark was an early supporter of Jeremy Corbyn's 2015 leadership campaign.[31] a key strategist on the campaign and was appointed as his Political Secretary in November 2015, following his election as leader.[32]
In 2017, Corbyn tasked Clark with leading a review into the democratic functioning of the Labour Party at every level, including Labour Leadership Elections, the makeup of the National Executive Committee, giving Labour members greater say in party policy, building Constituency Labour Parties, local and regional Government and improving the situation of women, LGBT+, BAME, disabled and young members.[33]
Announcing the review in a message to Labour Members, Clark said:
We want our members to be at the heart of our party – to have more power – over policy, how we campaign, organise and run our party, just as we want the people of Britain to be at the heart of deciding how our communities, economy and society are organised. That is what the democracy review is about.[34]
The Democracy Review reported in September 2018, and rule changes to increase party democracy were adopted.[35] Clark has suggested that she would like these reforms to go further and that some of her proposed reforms were watered down.[36]
House of Lords and Scottish Parliament: 2020–present
Clark was created Baroness Clark of Kilwinning, of Kilwinning in the County of Ayrshire, on 3 September 2020, under which name she is a member of the House of Lords as a Labour peer.[42]
Clark was elected as a member of the Scottish Parliament for the West Scotland region for the Scottish Labour Party, having also stood as its candidate for the Cunninghame North constituency at the 2021 Scottish Parliament election.[43] Prior to her election, Clark previously expressed her intent to 'stand down' from the House of Lords if elected to Holyrood.[44] She took a leave of absence in May 2021, due to being elected to the Scottish Parliament.[45] She was appointed as Shadow Minister for Community Safety in the Scottish Labour shadow cabinet in May 2021.[46]
Views
Clark is a socialist and was regarded as being on the left of the Parliamentary party when she was an MP.[4] She was opposed to Prime MinisterBoris Johnson's Brexit plan, called for a second referendum and was committed to campaigning for "remain" if such a vote were to take place.[47]
Personal life
Clark has lived in Scotland and Vauxhall, having moved to London in 1998,[48] and has a daughter.
^"ASLEF backs Katy Clark". ASLEF.org.uk. Associated Society of Locomotive Engineers and Firemen. 5 November 2014. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 5 October 2016.
^Bartley, Paula (2019). Labour women in power : cabinet ministers in the twentieth century. Cham, Switzerland. ISBN9783030142889. OCLC1101789583.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)