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John McIntosh Kell
John McIntosh Kell
Born	January 26, 1823; Darien, Georgia
Died	October 5, 1900 (aged 77); Sunnyside, Georgia
Buried	Griffin, Georgia
Allegiance	United States of America; Confederate States
Service/branch	United States Navy; Confederate Navy
Years of service	1841–1861 (USN); 1861–1865 (CSN)
Rank	Lieutenant Commander (USN); Commander (CSN)
Commands	CSS Savannah; CSS Richmond
Battles/wars	Opening of Japan; Mexican–American War; American Civil War Battle of Cherbourg; Action off Galveston Light;
Signature

John McIntosh Kell (January 26, 1823 – October 5, 1900) was an officer in the Confederate navy during the American Civil War, during which time Kell was First Lieutenant and Executive Officer of the commerce raider CSS Alabama.

Early life

John McIntosh Kell was born near Darien, Georgia on January 26, 1823, the son of John and Margery Spalding Baillie Kell.^[1] He spent his childhood at Laurel Grove Plantation and with his great uncle Thomas Spalding, whose family owned a large part of Sapelo Island.^[2]

Career

Kell was appointed midshipman at the age of 17 in the United States Navy on September 9, 1841. He would serve in the Mexican War, was a member of the expedition of Commodore Matthew Perry to Japan in 1853 and Master of the flagship USS Mississippi on the cruise home. When Georgia seceded from the Union in early 1861, Lieutenant Kell resigned from the United States Navy and was the first Naval officer to render his services to the Confederate States.^[3]

In April 1861, he commanded the Georgia state gunboat CSS Savannah; but received a Confederate States Navy commission as First Lieutenant the following month and was sent to New Orleans. He then served as executive officer of the CSS Sumter under the command of Captain Raphael Semmes during Sumter's commerce raiding voyage during 1861–62.^[2]

First Lieutenant Kell was Semmes' Executive Officer on CSS Alabama throughout her career and was on board when she was sunk by USS Kearsarge in June 1864. He was rescued by the British yacht Dearhound and taken to England. Promoted to the rank of Commander in that month, he commanded the ironclad CSS Richmond in the James River Squadron in 1865.^[3]

After the war

After the end of the Civil War, Kell returned home to Georgia and became a farmer. Later years, he served as Adjutant General of Georgia. He wrote his memoir, Recollections of a Naval Life Including the Cruises of Confederate Steamers "Sumter" and "Alabama" near the end of his life, It was released in 1900.^[2]

John McIntosh Kell died at his home in Sunnyside, Georgia on October 5, 1900, and is buried in Oak Hill Cemetery, Griffin, Georgia.^[3]^[4]

Honors

The John McIntosh Kell Camp #107 of the Sons of Confederate Veterans located in Griffin, Georgia, is named in his memory and honor on July 18, 1898.^{[citation needed]}