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Joaquim Manuel de Macedo
Joaquim Manuel de Macedo
	A photograph of Joaquim Manuel de Macedo dating from 1866
Born	24 June 1820; Itaboraí, Brazil
Died	11 April 1882 (aged 61); Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil
Occupation	novelist, medician, poet, teacher, playwright, journalist
Literary movement	Romanticism
Notable works	A Moreninha; O Moço Loiro; A Luneta Mágica;
Spouse	Maria Catarina de Abreu Sodré

Joaquim Manuel de Macedo (June 24, 1820 – April 11, 1882) was a Brazilian novelist, medical doctor, teacher, poet, playwright and journalist, famous for the romance A Moreninha.^[1] He is considered the first Brazilian novelist.^[2]

He is the patron of the 20th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.^[3]

Life

Joaquim Manuel de Macedo was born in the city of Itaboraí, in 1820, to Severino de Macedo Carvalho and Benigna Catarina da Conceição. He graduated in Medicine in 1844, and started to practice it in the inlands of Rio. In the same year, he published his romance A Moreninha. In 1849, he founded the magazine Guanabara, along with Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre and Gonçalves Dias. In this magazine, many parts of his lengthy poem A Nebulosa were published.

Returning to Rio, he abandoned Medicine and became a teacher of History and Geography at the Colégio Pedro II. He was very linked to the Brazilian Imperial Family, even becoming a tutor for Princess Isabel's children. He was also a provincial deputy and a general deputy, and a member of the Brazilian Historic and Geographic Institute.

During his last years of life, he suffered mental disturbances. These made his health worse and led to his death on April 11, 1882.

He was married to Maria Catarina de Abreu Sodré, a cousin of poet Álvares de Azevedo. Some historians say that the titular character of his novel A Moreninha was based on her.

Works

Novels

Political satires

A Carteira do Meu Tio (1855)
Memórias do Sobrinho do Meu Tio (1867 — 1868)

Chronicles

Memórias da Rua do Ouvidor
Um Passeio pela Cidade do Rio de Janeiro
Labirinto

Theater plays

Tragedies

O Cego (1845)
Cobé (1849)
Lusbela (1863)

Comedies

O Fantasma Branco (1856)
O Primo da Califórnia (1858)
Luxo e Vaidade (1860)
A Torre em Concurso (1863)
Cincinato Quebra-Louças (1873)

Poetry

A Nebulosa (1857)

Biographies

Ano Biográfico Brasileiro (1876)
Mulheres Célebres (1878)

Medical thesis

Considerações sobre a Nostalgia

References

^ Letras, Academia Brasileira de (1926). Revista (in Brazilian Portuguese). Academia. p. 111.
^ Silva, Ana Cláudia Suriani da; Vasconcelos, Sandra Guardini (2020-05-14). Comparative Perspectives on the Rise of the Brazilian Novel. UCL Press. pp. 129–134. ISBN 978-1-78735-471-5.
^ "Joaquim Manuel de Macedo". Academia Brasileira de Letras (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-09-29.