Jean-François Allard (French pronunciation:[ʒɑ̃fʁɑ̃swaalaʁ]; 1785–1839), born in Saint Tropez, was a French soldier and adventurer.[2]
Biography
France
Allard served in Napoleon's Army, where he was twice injured. He was promoted to the rank of Captain of the French 7th Hussar Regiment.
Persia
After the Battle of Waterloo Allard drifted, going to Persia where he visited Abbas Mirza to propose his services. He was promised the rank of Colonel, but never actually received the troops corresponding to his function.[3][4]
India
Maharaja Ranjit Singh reviewing General Jean-François Allard's troops, ca.1841
In 1820, Allard left for the Punjab, where in 1822 he entered the service of the Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He was commissioned to raise a corps of dragoons and lancers. On completion for this task, Allard was awarded the rank of General, and became the leader of the European officer corps in the Maharaja's service. While serving under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, he fell in love with Princess Bannu Pan Dei from the area that is now Himachal Pradesh. They married and eventually had seven children. In 1835, Allard returned to his hometown Saint-Tropez along with his wife and built "Pan Dei Palais" to commemorate their love. When he returned to India, to serve in Maharaja's army once again he left Pan Dei at Saint-Tropez, fearing that she might commit Sati, if he died in India for any reason.[1]
Another European who took service in the Punjab with Allard in 1822 was the Italian Jean-Baptiste Ventura. They were joined four years later by the Neapolitan Paolo Di Avitabile, and the Frenchman Claude August Court.[5] A Spaniard, by the name of Oms, also served with them for a period.
General Allard with family. Sikh painting, ca.1838[5]
Allard was a charming and gentle man, very different from some of the other European mercenaries in the Punjab. He made the effort to learn Persian, and is said to have composed poetry in his new language.[citation needed]
In June 1834, Allard returned to France on leave, going back to the Punjab 18 months later. He continued to serve the Maharaja until his death in 1839.
Awards
Preserved Kaukab-i-Iqbal-i-Punjab medal
On 27 February 1814, Allard was awarded a Knight in France'sLegion of Honour[7] by Napoleon Bonaparte.[5] On 5 November 1832, his rank was promoted to Officer.[7] On 20 October 1835, his rank for this award was promoted to Commander.[7]
Allard was awarded the Kaukab-i-Iqbal-i-Punjab (Persian for Bright Star of Punjab) by Ranjit Singh.[5]
^ abc"Dossier: Allard, Jean François". National Archives - Léonore Database (in French). France. 1836. p. 1. Archived from the original on 10 June 2024. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
