Jafar Sultan revolt

Date	Autumn 1931^[1]^[2]
Location	Hawraman, North-Western Iran
Result	Revolt suppressed

Belligerents

Jafar Sultan's Kurdish rebels

Iran

Commanders and leaders

Jafar Sultan

Haj Ali Razmara

v t e Kurdish separatism in Iran
1918–1945 1st Simko Mahabad 2nd Simko Jafar Sultan Hama Rashid 1945–1979 Republic of Mahabad 1946 crisis 1967 revolt 1979–present 1979 rebellion KDPI insurgency February 1999 Kurdish protests PJAK insurrection Mahabad riots 2016–present West Iran clashes 2018 Democrat Castle missile strike September–October 2022 attacks on Iraqi Kurdistan 2024 Erbil attack

The Jafar Sultan revolt (Kurdish: شۆڕشی جەعفەر سوڵتان, Persian: شورش جعفر سلطان) refers to a Kurdish tribal revolt in Pahlavi Iran which erupted in the mountainous Hawraman region in 1931,^[1] and was one of the early tribal-nationalist Kurdish revolts against central Iranian rule during the early stage of Kurdish separatism in Iran.

Background

Jafar Sultan of Hawraman region took control of the area between Marivan and north of Halabja and remained independent until 1925. Jafar Sultan is seen as the ”head” of the royal sultan family (Lohoni, Lahoni) From 1927 to 1934 a number of Kurdish tribal uprisings erupted in the Hawraman and Marivan regions.^[3] In 1926 Iranian forces fighting Kurdish insurgents in the Pizhdar, Hawraman and Marivan areas executed all prisoners in an unprecedented act of brutality, likely among the factors that caused 31 Kurdish chieftains in the region to ask for British protection.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Berch Berberoglu. Turmoil in the Middle East: Imperialism, War, and Political Instability. p86.
^ Gérard Chaliand. A People Without a Country: The Kurds and Kurdistan. p105,249.
^ ^a ^b David McDowall. A Modern History of the Kurds: Third Edition. p225.

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Jafar Sultan revolt

Background

See also

References