Indiana wine is wine made from grapes grown in the U.S. state of Indiana. Wine has been produced in the area since the early days of Europeancolonization in the 18th century. In the mid-19th century, Indiana was the tenth-largest winegrape producing state in the country. There are two American Viticultural Areas (AVA) in Indiana: the Ohio River Valley AVA which also contains portions of Kentucky and Ohio, and the Indiana Uplands AVA which is wholly located in south-central Indiana and includes the oldest and most prolific winery in Indiana, Oliver Winery.
History
Indiana was a crucial area in the early American wine industry.[2] Early attempts at grape cultivation were mainly undertaken by English immigrants,[3] which were all unsuccessful in the production of palatable wine. French vinedressers were blamed for intentionally causing this failure even though this was not the case.[4] French cultivation of grapes started in what would be present-day Indiana by 1735.[5] Reasons that wine production failed in this era included the inability to use native grapes (which were too bitter[3] and produced less fruit[4]), the lack of mature vineyards,[4] diseases that non-native grapes were especially weak to, and a colder climate compared to Europe.[6] Vinyards were abandoned for tobacco, which was a more profitable crop.[4] More serious attempts to produce wine took place after the American Revolution but these efforts were also unsuccessful.[7]
