Gang Busters is an American dramatic radio program heralded as "the only national program that brings you authentic police case histories." It premiered on January 15, 1936, and was broadcast over 21 years through November 27, 1957.[1]
History
So-called "true crime" magazines were highly popular in the 1930s and the movie G Men starring James Cagney, released in the spring of 1935, had proven to be a big hit. Producer-director Phillips H. Lord thought there was a place on radio for a show of the same type. To emphasize the authenticity of his dramatizations, Lord produced the initial radio show, G-Men, in close association with FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover. Hoover was not particularly favorable to the notion of such a program, but U. S. Attorney General Homer Stille Cummings gave it his full support.[2]
Phillips H. Lord created the radio series.
G-Men dramatized FBI cases, but Hoover insisted that only closed cases would be used. Hoover also demanded that he or a top-level aide review and approve every script. Hoover preferred that scripts downplay gunfights and car chases, and spend more time on systematic investigation and legwork. Agents should be shown as intelligent, hard-working and essentially faceless cogs in his technically savvy crime-fighting organization.[2] Those restrictions hampered Lord, who saw his creation as a public service, but one that had to entertain as well as inform.
The first program dramatized the story of the notorious gangster John Dillinger,[3] who was tracked down by FBI agents and shot to death outside the Biograph Theater on July 24, 1934. The second covered Lester Joseph Gillis, aka Baby Face Nelson. Although the shows were a hit with the general public, there were naysayers, some of whom deplored this sensational new style of radio show. Hyper-sensitive to any criticism, Hoover almost squelched the project and made life more and more difficult for Lord.[4]
G-Men, using only FBI cases, was subject to Hoover's whims and restrictions. Gang Busters, however, featured interesting and dramatic crimes from the files of law enforcement organizations all over the country.[2]G-Men was on NBC Radio from July 20 to October 12, 1935, sponsored by Chevrolet.
The "sequel," Gang Busters, debuted in mid-January, 1936. If anything, the opening sound effects became even more elaborate and aggressive.[5] The show opened with a barrage of blaring sound effects – a shrill police whistle, convicts marching in formation, police siren wailing, machine guns firing, and tires squealing. Then, an authoritative voice would announce the title of that night's program: "Tonight, Gang Busters presents the Case of the —." Finally, the opening would end with more blasts from a police whistle. This intrusive introduction led to the popular catchphrase "came on like Gangbusters."
Joan Banks was a regular cast member of the radio series.
Gang Busters often featured prominent names in radio broadcasting, many of whom also starred in films and television. Two of the most famous were Richard Widmark and Art Carney. Widmark was typecast as a villain for many years, but finally managed to break that mold. Carney became especially famous for his role with Jackie Gleason on The Honeymooners, but he had a much broader career than that. Joan Banks, who later played many TV roles, was a regular cast member. Her husband, Frank Lovejoy, also appeared often, and later went on to star in many films and an ABC crime drama. Larry Haines was another regular on the show. He went on to an extensive career in TV soap operas. A lesser known actor on the show was Leon Janney, who apparently played both juvenile roles and ones requiring an unusual accent.
Comics
John Prentice cover for DC Comics' Gang Busters 47 (August–September 1955)
The popularity of the radio show prompted a spin-off comic book published by DC Comics, which ran for 67 issues between 1947 and 1958.[6]Big Little Books based on the series were also produced.
NBC aired a 30-minute television series version from March 20, 1952 to Oct. 23, 1952, hosted by Chester Morris.[citation needed] The series did well in the Nielsen ratings, finishing at #14 in the 1951–1952 season and at #8 in 1952–1953.[7] It went off the air because it alternated weekly with Dragnet, and when that series could produce enough episodes weekly, NBC had no more use for Gang Busters as a stop-gap show.
Episodes of the show were later reedited into two feature films, Gang Busters (1955, with Myron Healey as Public Enemy No. 4) and Guns Don't Argue (1957, with Healey as John Dillinger).
In 1953, NBC Film Division syndicated the episodes, with the title changed to Captured. An ad for the program indicated that nine episodes of the syndicated version were new;[8] those episodes had a copyright date of 1955. Vivi Janiss was cast in three television episodes: "The Blonde Tigress" (1952), "The Rocco Case" (1952), and The Rocco Trapani Case" (1955).
References
^Harmon, Jim (1967). "Crime Lord". The Great Radio Heroes. Doubleday & Company. pp. 39–53. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
^ abcKathleen Battles, Calling All Cars: Radio Dragnets and the Technology of Policing, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis (2010).[ISBN missing][page needed]
^Christopher H. Sterling (ed.), The Biographical Encyclopedia of American Radio, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Books, New York (2011).[ISBN missing][page needed]
^Cowsill, Alan; Irvine, Alex; Manning, Matthew K.; McAvennie, Michael; Wallace, Daniel (2019). DC Comics Year By Year: A Visual Chronicle. DK Publishing. p. 53. ISBN978-1-4654-8578-6.
