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Douglas Jung
CM OBC CD MP
Douglas Jung CM OBC CD MP
Member of the Canadian Parliament; for Vancouver Centre
	In office; June 10, 1957 – June 17, 1962
Preceded by	Ralph Campney
Succeeded by	John Robert Nicholson
Personal details
Born	February 25, 1924; Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
Died	January 4, 2002 (aged 77); Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Political party	Progressive Conservative
Relatives	Major Ross Jung (brother); Flight-Lieutenant Arthur Ernest Jung RCAF (brother);
Alma mater	University of British Columbia
Occupation	Lawyer; politician; military officer; secret agent;
Awards	Canadian Forces' Decoration; Order of Canada; Order of British Columbia;
Military service
Allegiance	Canada
Branch/service	Canadian Army, Special Operations Executive
Rank	Captain
Unit	Force 136
Battles/wars	World War II British Borneo campaign; New Guinea campaign;
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	鄭天華
Simplified Chinese	郑天华
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Zhèng Tiānhuá
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping	Zeng6 Tin1-waa6

Douglas Jung CM OBC CD MP (Chinese: 鄭天華; February 25, 1924 – January 4, 2002) was a Canadian lawyer, politician, military officer, and Special Operations Executive secret agent.^[1] A Conservative, he was the first member of a visible minority elected to the Parliament of Canada, as well as the first Canadian Member of Parliament (MP) of Chinese and Asian descent in the House of Commons of Canada.

Early life, military career and education

Douglas Jung was born in Victoria, British Columbia, on February 25, 1924.^[2] During his childhood, the Government of Canada passed numerous pieces of legislation that disenfranchised Chinese in Canada. Jung and a group of young men from British Columbia enlisted in the Canadian Army during World War II in order to change the status of Chinese Canadians. Jung explained his reasons for enlisting as: "Some of us realized that unless we volunteered to serve Canada during this hour of need, we would be in a very difficult position after the war ended to demand our rights as Canadian citizens because the Canadian government would say to us, "What did you do during the war when everybody else was out fighting for Canada? What did you do?" So a few of us volunteered to serve, and my group was probably the first to join up."^[3]

World War II

Although Jung enlisted in the Canadian Army in 1939, he did not receive his first assignment until 1944, mainly because politicians in Ottawa and Victoria did not want to deal with the issues of enfranchising the Chinese after the war. However, Winston Churchill's wartime Special Operations Executive recruited Jung and a group of Chinese-Canadian soldiers into Force 136, a team of secret agents who deployed to British Malaya to train local guerrillas to resist the Japanese Imperial Army occupying Malaya and Singapore. The mission for the Asian Canadian soldiers was known as Operation Oblivion. They received parachute training at Australia and prepared themselves to fight in South West Pacific. However, the operation came to an abrupt cancellation. Jung instead deployed to Japanese-occupied British Borneo and New Guinea, and led his troops in search and rescue missions.^[1]^[4]

Post-WWII

After the war, Chinese in Canada were enfranchised in 1947. Veterans Affairs Canada provided funds so that Jung and his Chinese-Canadian comrades could obtain a university education. Jung graduated from the University of British Columbia in 1953 with Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws degrees. He was called to the British Columbia Bar in 1954.

Political career

Douglas Jung joined the Progressive Conservative Party in the early 1950s. He had vowed not to join the Liberal Party of Canada because of its racist legislation against Chinese in the past. Jung was elected as an MP in 1957, representing the riding of Vancouver Centre, under the John Diefenbaker government. In his maiden speech in the House of Commons, he urged Canada to take a leading role in serving as a bridge to the Pacific Rim countries.

Jung's other achievements include taking part in the debate on the implementation in 1960 by the Hon. Ellen Fairclough, Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, of the Chinese Adjustment Statement Program that granted amnesty to illegal immigrants from Hong Kong, also known as "paper sons". He also represented Canada in the United Nations as an alternate member of the Legal Delegation to the United Nations (Source: Department of Foreign Affairs).

In 1962, Jung was defeated in his riding of Vancouver-Centre by voters in the Chinatown community disillusioned by his handling of the amnesty issue, in which they viewed Jung as siding with government authorities against Chinese Canadians.^[5] Progressive Conservatives had also tried to strike 500-600 Chinese voters from the rolls in order to mitigate this issue. ^[5]

His profusion of honours included the Order of Canada and the Order of British Columbia, the highest honours a citizen can receive from the federal and provincial governments, respectively. Other awards came from the Chinese Benevolent Association, S.U.C.C.E.S.S. Chinese Cultural Centre, Chinese Canadian National Council and Chinese Association in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, Thunder Bay and Toronto, Ontario, as well as the Quebec Japanese Canadian Citizenship Association in Montreal.

Other achievements

Jung was also a prominent figure in the community, especially the Vancouver Chinese community. They include: Life President of Army Navy Air Force Veterans in Canada Unit #280, Patron of S.U.C.C.E.S.S.: Director of the Vancouver Symphony. B.C.: Deputy Director of the Governor General's 1992 Regional Celebration of Canada 125th Anniversary. Director of the Far East Relations of the Former Parliamentarians Association and the President of Japan Karate Association of Canada, which awarded him a sixth degree Black Belt.

On September 7, 2007, the Hon. Jason Kenney, Secretary of State (Multiculturalism and Canadian Identity) announced that the federal building located at 401 Burrard Street in Vancouver would be named after Douglas Jung, as the first Chinese-Canadian elected to Parliament.^[6]

Death

While marching with fellow veterans in 1995, Jung suffered a serious heart attack. He never completely recovered and died in 2002 due to related complications.^[7]^[8]

References

^ ^a ^b W. Chong. "Biography of Captain Douglas Jung SOA". Burma Star Association. Archived from the original on January 2, 2016. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
^ Edward Butts (February 11, 2019). "Douglas Jung". thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved January 6, 2021..
^ Lowe, Wesley. "Douglas Jung". Veterans Affairs Canada. Retrieved March 9, 2021.
^ "Force 136: Chinese Canadian Heroes". Storyhive. November 10, 2017. Archived from the original on April 4, 2018. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
^ ^a ^b Roy, Patricia (2007). The Triumph of Citizenship: The Japanese and Chinese in Canada, 1941-67 (1st ed.). Vancouver: UBC Press. pp. 284–287. ISBN 9780774813808.
^ "Blocked from polls as 'Oriental,' he now cherishes his vote". Retrieved April 22, 2021.
^ "Lawyer-MP led a life full of firsts". Retrieved April 22, 2021.
^ Fong, Petti (January 9, 2002). "First Chinese-Canadian MP changed stereotypes". Vancouver Sun.