Deva dynasty

For the Saketa rulers, see Deva dynasty (Saketa).

Deva dynasty
12th century–13th century
Capital	Bikrampur
Common languages	Sanskrit Bengali
Religion	Hinduism
Government	Monarchy
Maharaja
Historical era	Medieval India
• Established	12th century
• Disestablished	13th century
Preceded by Succeeded by Sena dynasty Delhi Sultanate

Deva Dynasty (c. 12th – 13th centuries) was a Bengali Hindu Kayastha dynasty which originated in the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent; the dynasty ruled over eastern Bengal after the Sena dynasty. The capital of the dynasty was Bikrampur in present-day Munshiganj District of Bangladesh.

This Hindu Vaishnava Kayastha Deva dynasty is different from the earlier Buddhist Deva dynasty (c. 8th-9th centuries) of Samatata region of Bengal. Four rulers of this earlier Deva dynasty are known from the inscriptions: Shantideva, Viradeva, Anandadeva and Bhavadeva. According to the Mainamati copperplate inscription of king Anandadeva, the earlier Deva rulers used the title Sri Bangala Mriganka which means the moon of Bengal.^[1][2] The rule of the Devas was indeed a period of peace, prosperity, and creative excellence, and may be designated as the "Golden Age" of Bengal.^[3]

Rulers

The major sources of the history of this dynasty are the three copperplate inscriptions of Damodaradeva issued in years 1234, 1236 and 1243, which were his 4th, 6th and 13th regnal years. Although there are many myths about this dynasty, none were proved with strong evidence. The first three rulers are known from the Chittagong copperplate inscription of Damodaradeva dated 1243. The first ruler of this dynasty was Purushottamadeva, who rose from the position of a village chief (gramani). His son Madhumathana or Madhusudanadeva was the first independent ruler of this dynasty, who assumed the title of nripati. He was succeeded by his son Vasudeva and Vasudeva was succeeded by his son Damodaradeva. Damodaradeva (reigned 1231–1243) was the most powerful ruler of this dynasty. He took the title of Ariraja-Chanura-Madhava-Sakala-Bhupati-Chakravarti. The inscriptional evidences show that his kingdom was extended up to the present-day Comilla-Noakhali-Chittagong region. A later ruler of this dynasty Ariraja-Danuja-Madhava Dasharathadeva extended his kingdom up to Bikrampur and made it his capital.^[4] 15th century historian Yahya bin Ahmad mentioned in his Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi that he (referred as Danuj Rai of Sonargaon by Yahya) made an alliance with Ghiyas-ud-Din Balban in 1281.^[5] His brother Bikramaditya Deva later moved to the eastern side of the kingdom in 1294. This is the last recorded history of this dynasty.

See also

• Pala Empire
• History of Bengal
• History of India

References

1. Friedberg, Arthur L.; Friedberg, Ira S. (26 April 2024). Gold coins of the World. Coin & Currency Institute. ISBN 978-0-87184-308-1.
2. "Copperplates, Banglapedia".
3. "Deva dynasty of Samatata, Banglapedia". Archived from the original on 8 July 2023. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
4. Roy, Niharranjan (1993). Bangalir Itihas: Adiparba Calcutta: Dey's Publishing, ISBN 81-7079-270-3, pp.408-9
5. Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra; Pusalker, A. D.; Majumdar, A. K., eds. (1960). The History and Culture of the Indian People. Vol. VI: The Delhi Sultanate. Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. p. 622. Yahyā, the historian of the fifteenth century, mentions ... When Ghiyās-ud-din Balban proceeded to Bengal ... he sought to enter into an alliance with the Hindu king of Eastern Bengal, Rāi Danuj.

Preceded by Sena dynasty

Bengal dynasty

Succeeded by Mamluk dynasty