Demographic features of the population of Ecuador include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Ecuador experienced rapid population growth like most countries, but four decades of an armed conflict pushed millions of Ecuadorians out of the country. However, a rebound economy in the 2000s in urban centres improved the situation of living standards for Ecuadorians in a traditional class stratified economy.
The 2022 census revealed, 77.5% of the population identified as "Mestizos", a mix of Spanish and Indigenous American ancestry, up from 71.9% in 2000. The percentage of the population which identifies as "white" has fallen from 6.1% (2010) to 2.2% in 2022.[2]Amerindians account for 7.7% of the population and 4.8% of the population consists of Afro-Ecuadorians.[2]
Other estimations put the Mestizo population at 55% to 65% and the indigenous population at 25%.[3] Genetic research indicates that the ancestry of Ecuadorian Mestizos is predominantly Indigenous.[4]
The Ecuadorian census is conducted by the governmental institution known as INEC, Instituto Nacional de Estadisticas y Censos (National Institute of Statistics and Census).[6] The census in Ecuador is conducted every ten years, and its objective is to obtain the number of people residing within its borders. The current census now includes household information.
According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects[8][9] the total population was 17,797,737 in 2021, compared to only 3,470,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2015 was 29.0%, 63.4% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 6.7% was 65 years or older.[10]
Total population (x 1000)
Proportion aged 0–14 (%)
Proportion aged 15–64 (%)
Proportion aged 65+ (%)
1950
3 470
39.5
55.2
5.3
1955
3 957
41.6
53.5
4.9
1960
4 546
43.3
52.0
4.7
1965
5 250
44.5
51.0
4.5
1970
6 073
44.3
51.5
4.3
1975
6 987
43.7
52.2
4.1
1980
7 976
41.8
54.1
4.1
1985
9 046
40.0
55.9
4.1
1990
10 218
38.2
57.5
4.3
1995
11 441
36.3
59.1
4.6
2000
12 629
34.7
60.3
5.0
2005
13 826
33.1
61.5
5.4
2010
15 011
31.0
63.0
6.0
2015
16 212
29.1
64.3
6.6
2020
17 643
27.4
65.0
7.6
Structure of the population
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2013) (Excludes nomadic Indian tribes. Data refer to projections based on the 2010 Population Census.): [11]
Age group
Male
Female
Total
%
Total
7 815 935
7 958 814
15 774 749
100
0–4
864 669
826 731
1 691 400
10.72
5–9
854 691
816 503
1 671 194
10.59
10–14
815 838
783 725
1 599 563
10.14
15–19
756 376
737 082
1 493 458
9.47
20–24
685 997
682 849
1 368 846
8.68
25–29
620 881
635 987
1 256 868
7.97
30–34
559 055
593 148
1 152 203
7.30
35–39
495 340
538 054
1 033 394
6.55
40–44
437 744
476 215
913 959
5.79
45–49
387 618
419 090
806 708
5.11
50–54
336 267
360 935
697 202
4.42
55–59
279 746
298 503
578 249
3.67
60–64
223 411
238 973
462 384
2.93
65–69
172 623
187 448
360 071
2.28
70–74
128 033
142 255
270 288
1.71
75–79
89 929
101 191
191 120
1.21
80–84
57 585
64 467
122 052
0.77
85–89
31 289
34 891
66 180
0.42
90–94
13 655
15 370
29 025
0.18
95–99
4 898
5 145
10 043
0.06
100+
290
252
542
0.03
Age group
Male
Female
Total
Percent
0–14
2 535 198
2 426 959
4 962 157
31.46
15–64
4 782 435
4 980 836
9 763 271
61.89
65+
498 302
551 019
1 049 321
6.65
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2021) (Excludes nomadic Indian tribes.): [12]
Age Group
Male
Female
Total
%
Total
8 783 789
8 967 488
17 751 277
100
0–4
845 954
808 798
1 654 752
9.32
5–9
853 987
817 229
1 671 216
9.41
10–14
861 741
823 598
1 685 339
9.49
15–19
833 964
798 770
1 632 734
9.20
20–24
778 930
755 659
1 534 589
8.64
25–29
712 218
706 341
1 418 559
7.99
30–34
647 958
658 656
1 306 614
7.36
35–39
590 249
618 416
1 208 665
6.81
40–44
528 482
571 807
1 100 289
6.20
45–49
464 207
509 979
974 186
5.49
50–54
406 015
446 926
852 941
4.80
55–59
350 539
387 801
738 340
4.16
60–64
290 143
324 072
614 215
3.46
65–69
226 290
257 338
483 628
2.72
70–74
165 840
194 960
360 800
2.03
75–79
112 069
138 213
250 282
1.41
80–84
66 621
85 696
152 317
0.86
85–89
32 786
42 792
75 578
0.43
90–94
12 487
16 097
28 584
0.16
95–99
3 192
4 184
7 376
0.04
100+
117
156
273
<0.01
Age group
Male
Female
Total
Percent
0–14
2 561 682
2 449 625
5 011 307
28.23
15–64
5 602 705
5 778 427
11 381 132
64.11
65+
619 402
739 436
1 358 838
7.65
Geography
Due to the prevalence of malaria and yellow fever in the coastal region until the end of the 19th century, the Ecuadorian population was most heavily concentrated in the highlands and valleys of the "Sierra" region. Today's population is distributed more evenly between the "Sierra" and the "Costa" (the coastal lowlands) region. Migration towards the cities—particularly larger cities—in all regions has increased the urban population to about 55 percent.
The "Oriente" region, consisting of Amazonian lowlands to the east of the Andes and covering about half the country's land area, remains sparsely populated and contains only about 3% of the country's population, that for the most are indigenous peoples who maintain a wary distance from the recent Mestizo and white settlers. The territories of the "Oriente" are home to as many as nine indigenous groups: Quichua, Shuar, Achuar, Waorani, Siona, Secoya, Shiwiar, and Cofan, all represented politically by the Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of the Ecuadorian Amazon, CONFENIAE.
As a result of the oil exploration and the development of the infrastructure required for the exploitation of the oil fields in the eastern jungles during the seventies and early eighties, there was a wave of settlement in the region. The Majority of these wave of internal immigration came from the southern province of Loja as a result of a drought that lasted three years and affected the southern provinces of the country. This boom of the petroleum industry has led to a mushrooming of the town of Lago Agrio (Nueva Loja) as well as substantial deforestation and pollution of wetlands and lakes.
Vital statistics
Registration of vital events is in Ecuador not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[10]
Period
Live births per year
Deaths per year
Natural change per year
CBR*
CDR*
NC*
TFR*
IMR*
Life expectancy
total
males
females
1950–1955
169,000
71,000
98,000
45.6
19.2
26.4
6.75
140
48.4
47.1
49.6
1955–1960
190,000
71,000
119,000
44.8
16.7
28.1
6.75
129
51.4
50.1
52.7
1960–1965
214,000
71,000
143,000
43.6
14.5
29.1
6.65
119
54.7
53.4
56.1
1965–1970
239,000
73,000
166,000
42.2
13.0
29.2
6.40
107
56.8
55.4
58.2
1970–1975
258,000
74,000
184,000
39.6
11.4
28.2
5.80
95
58.9
57.4
60.5
1975–1980
270,000
71,000
199,000
36.2
9.5
26.7
5.05
82
61.4
59.7
63.2
1980–1985
285,000
68,000
217,000
33.5
8.0
25.5
4.45
69
64.5
62.5
66.7
1985–1990
302,000
64,000
238,000
31.4
6.7
24.7
4.00
56
67.5
65.3
69.9
1990–1995
311,000
63,000
248,000
28.7
5.8
22.9
3.55
44
70.1
67.6
72.7
1995–2000
316,000
64,000
252,000
26.3
5.4
20.9
3.20
33
72.3
69.7
75.2
2000–2005
313,000
68,000
245,000
24.2
5.1
19.1
2.94
25
74.2
71.3
77.3
2005–2010
323,000
74,000
249,000
22.1
5.0
17.1
2.69
21
75.0
72.1
78.1
2010–2015
329,000
80,000
249,000
21.0
5.1
15.9
2.56
17
76.4
73.6
79.3
2015–2020
330,000
85,000
245,000
19.9
5.1
14.8
2.44
14
77.6
74.9
80.4
2020–2025
18.5
5.2
13.3
2.32
2025–2030
17.0
5.4
11.6
2.22
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)
The Ecuadorian constitution recognizes the pluri-nationality of those who want to exercise their affiliation with their native ethnic groups. There are five major ethnic groups in Ecuador: Mestizo, European, Afroecuadorian, Amerindian, and Montubio. Mestizos constitute more than 85% of the population.[2]
According to genealogical DNA testing done in 2015, the average Ecuadorian is estimated to be 52.96% Amerindian, 41.77% European, and 5.26% Sub-Saharan African overall.[14] Prior to this, a genetic study done in 2008 by the University of Brasília, estimated that Ecuadorian genetic admixture was 64.6% Amerindian, 31.0% European, and 4.4% African.[15]
Ecuador's population descends from Spanish immigrants and South American Amerindians, admixed with descendants of black slaves who arrived to work on coastal plantations in the sixteenth century. The mix of these groups is described as Mestizo or Cholo. Censuses do not record ethnic affiliation, which in any event remains fluid; thus, estimates of the numbers of each group should be taken only as approximations. In the 1980s, Amerindians and Mestizos represented the bulk of the population, with each group accounting for roughly 40 percent of total population. Whites represented 10 to 15 percent and blacks the remaining 5 percent.[16]
According to Kluck, writing in 1989, ethnic groups in Ecuador have had a traditional hierarchy of white, Mestizo, blacks, and then others.[17] Her review depicts this hierarchy as a consequence of colonial attitudes and of the terminology of colonial legal distinctions. Spanish-born persons residing in the New World (peninsulares) were at the top of the social hierarchy, followed by criollos, born of two Spanish parents in the colonies. The 19th century usage of Mestizo was to denote a person whose parents were an Amerindian and a white; a Cholo had one Amerindian and one Mestizo parent. By the 20th century, Mestizo and Cholo were frequently used interchangeably. Kluck suggested that societal relationships, occupation, manners, and clothing all derived from ethnic affiliation.[17]
Nonetheless, according to Kluck, individuals could potentially switch ethnic affiliation if they had culturally adapted to the recipient group; such switches were made without resort to subterfuge.[17] Moreover, the precise criteria for defining ethnic groups varies considerably. The vocabulary that more prosperous Mestizos and whites used in describing ethnic groups mixes social and biological characteristics. Ethnic affiliation thus is dynamic; Indians often become Mestizos, and prosperous Mestizos seek to improve their status sufficiently to be considered whites. Ethnic identity reflects numerous characteristics, only one of which is physical appearance; others include dress, language, community membership, and self-identification.[16]
A geography of ethnicity remained well-defined until the surge in migration that began in the 1950s. Whites resided primarily in larger cities. Mestizos lived in small towns scattered throughout the countryside. Indians formed the bulk of the Sierra rural populace, although Mestizos filled this role in the areas with few Indians. Most blacks lived in Esmeraldas Province, with small enclaves found in the Carchi and Imbabura provinces. Pressure on Sierra land resources and the dissolution of the traditional hacienda, however, increased the numbers of Indians migrating to the Costa, the Oriente, and the cities. By the 1980s, Sierra Indians—or Indians in the process of switching their ethnic identity to that of Mestizos—lived on Costa plantations, in Quito, Guayaquil, and other cities, and in colonization areas in the Oriente and the Costa. Indeed, Sierra Amerindians residing in the coastal region substantially outnumbered the remaining original Costa inhabitants, the Cayapa and Colorado Indians. In the late 1980s, analysts estimated that there were only about 4,000 Cayapas and Colorados. Some blacks had migrated from the remote region of the Ecuadorian-Colombian border to the towns and cities of Esmeraldas.[16]
Afro-Ecuadorians are an ethnic group in Ecuador who are descendants of black African slaves brought by the Spanish during their conquest of Ecuador from the Incas. They make up from 3% to 5% of Ecuador's population.[18][19]
Ecuador has a population of about 1,120,000 descendants from African people. The Afro-Ecuadorian culture is found primarily in the country's northwest coastal region. Africans form a majority (70%) in the province of Esmeraldas and also have an important concentration in the Valle del Chota in the Imbabura Province. They can be also found in important numbers in Quito and Guayaquil.
Sierra Indigenous had an estimated population of 1.5 to 2 million in the early 1980s and live in the intermontane valleys of the Andes. Prolonged contact with Hispanic culture, which dates back to the conquest, has had a homogenizing effect, reducing the variation among the indigenous Sierra tribes.[20]
The Indigenous people of the Sierra are separated from whites and Mestizos by a caste-like gulf. They are marked as a disadvantaged group; to be an Indigenous person in Ecuador is to be stigmatized. Poverty rates are higher and literacy rates are lower among Indigenous than the general population. They enjoy limited participation in national institutions and are often excluded from social and economic opportunities available to more privileged groups. However, some groups of Indigenous, such as the Otavalo people, have increased their socioeconomic status to extent that they enjoy a higher standard of living than many other Indigenous groups in Ecuador and many Mestizos of their area.
Visible markers of ethnic affiliation, especially hairstyle, dress, and language, separate Indigenous from the rest of the populace. Indigenous wore more manufactured items by the late 1970s than previously; their clothing, nonetheless, was distinct from that of other rural inhabitants. Indigenous in communities relying extensively on wage labor sometimes assumed Western-style dress while still maintaining their Indigenous identity. Indigenous speak Spanish and, Quichua—a Quechua dialect—although most are bilingual, speaking Spanish as a second language with varying degrees of facility. By the late 1980s, some younger Indigenous no longer learned Quichua.[20]
Although the Amerindians of the Oriente first came into contact with Europeans in the 16th century, the encounters were more sporadic than those of most of the country's indigenous population. Until the 19th century, most non-Amerindians entering the region were either traders or missionaries. Beginning in the 1950s, however, the government built roads and encouraged settlers from the Sierra to colonize the Amazon River Basin. Virtually all remaining Indians were brought into increasing contact with national society. The interaction between Indians and outsiders had a profound impact on the indigenous way of life.[21]
In the late 1970s, roughly 30,000 Quichua speakers and 15,000 Jívaros lived in Oriente Indigenous communities. Quichua speakers (sometimes referred to as the Yumbos) grew out of the detribalization of members of many different groups after the Spanish conquest. Subject to the influence of Quichua-speaking missionaries and traders, various elements of the Yumbos adopted the tongue as a lingua franca and gradually lost their previous languages and tribal origins. Yumbos were scattered throughout the Oriente, whereas the Jívaros—subdivided into the Shuar and the Achuar—were concentrated in southeastern Ecuador. Some also lived in northeastern Peru. Traditionally, both groups relied on migration to resolve intracommunity conflict and to limit the ecological damage to the tropical forest caused by slash-and-burn agriculture.[21]
Both the Yumbos and the Jívaros depended on agriculture as their primary means of subsistence. Manioc, the main staple, was grown in conjunction with a wide variety of other fruits and vegetables. Yumbo men also resorted to wage labor to obtain cash for the few purchases deemed necessary. By the mid-1970s, increasing numbers of Quichua speakers settled around some of the towns and missions of the Oriente. Indians themselves had begun to make a distinction between Christian and jungle Indians. The former engaged in trade with townspeople. The Jívaros, in contrast to the Christian Quichua speakers, lived in more remote areas. Their mode of horticulture was similar to that of the non-Christian Yumbos, although they supplemented crop production with hunting and some livestock raising.[21]
Shamans (curanderos) played a pivotal role in social relations in both groups. As the main leaders and the focus of local conflicts, shamans were believed to both cure and kill through magical means. In the 1980s group conflicts between rival shamans still erupted into full-scale feuds with loss of life.[21]
The Oriente Indigenous population dropped precipitously during the initial period of intensive contact with outsiders. The destruction of their crops by Mestizos laying claim to indigenous lands, the rapid exposure to diseases to which Indians lacked immunity, and the extreme social disorganization all contributed to increased mortality and decreased birth rates. One study of the Shuar in the 1950s found that the group between ten and nineteen years of age was smaller than expected. This was the group that had been youngest and most vulnerable during the initial contact with national society. Normal population growth rates began to reestablish themselves after approximately the first decade of such contact.[21]
Culture
A woman in Ecuadorian garment participating in the 2010 Carnaval del Pueblo
Ecuador's mainstream culture is defined by its Hispanic Mestizo majority, and like their ancestry, it is traditionally of Spanish heritage, influenced in different degrees by Amerindian traditions, and in some cases by African elements. The first and most substantial wave of modern immigration to Ecuador consisted of Spanish colonists, following the arrival of Europeans in 1499. A lower number of other Europeans and North Americans migrated to the country in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and in smaller numbers, Poles, Lithuanians, English, Irish, and Croats during and after the Second World War.
Since African slavery was not the workforce of the Spanish colonies in the Andes Mountains of South America, given the subjugation of the indigenous people through evangelism and encomiendas, the minority population of African descent is mostly found in the coastal northern province of Esmeraldas. According to local fables, this is largely owing to the 17th century shipwreck of a slave-trading galleon off the northern coast of Ecuador.
Ecuador's indigenous communities are integrated into the mainstream culture to varying degrees,[22] but some may also practice their own indigenous cultures, particularly the more remote indigenous communities of the Amazon basin. Spanish is spoken as the first language by more than 90% of the population, and as a first or second language by more than 98%. Part of Ecuador's population can speak Amerindian languages, in some cases as a second language. Two percent of the population speak only Amerindian languages.
Language
Most Ecuadorians speak Spanish,[23] though many speak Amerindian languages such as Kichwa.[24] People that identify as Mestizo, in general, speak Spanish as their native language. Other Amerindian languages spoken in Ecuador include Awapit (spoken by the Awá), A'ingae (spoken by the Cofan), Shuar Chicham (spoken by the Shuar), Achuar-Shiwiar (spoken by the Achuar and the Shiwiar), Cha'palaachi (spoken by the Chachi), Tsa'fiki (spoken by the Tsáchila), Paicoca (spoken by the Siona and Secoya), and Wao Tededeo (spoken by the Waorani). Though most features of Ecuadorian Spanish are those universal to the Spanish-speaking world, there are several idiosyncrasies.
According to the Ecuadorian National Institute of Statistics and Census, 91.95% of the country's population have a religion, 7.94% are atheists and 0.11% are agnostics. Among those with a religion, 80.44% are Roman Catholic, 11.30% are Protestants, and 8.26% other (mainly Jewish, Buddhists and Latter-day Saints).[25][26]
In the rural parts of Ecuador, indigenous beliefs and Catholicism are sometimes syncretized. Most festivals and annual parades are based on religious celebrations, many incorporating a mixture of rites and icons.[27]
The "Jewish Community of Ecuador" (Comunidad Judía del Ecuador) has its seat in Quito and has approximately 300 members. Nevertheless, this number is declining because young people leave the country towards the United States of America or Israel.[30] The Community has a Jewish Center with a synagogue, a country club and a cemetery. It supports the "Albert Einstein School", where Jewish history, religion and Hebrew classes are offered. Since 2004, there has also been a Chabad house in Quito.[31]
There are very small communities in Cuenca and Ambato. The "Comunidad de Culto Israelita" reunites the Jews of Guayaquil. This community works independently from the "Jewish Community of Ecuador".[32] Jewish visitors to Ecuador can also take advantage of Jewish resources as they travel[33] and keep kosher there, even in the Amazon Rainforest.[34] The city has also synagogue of Messianic Judaism.[35]
In recent decades, there has been a high rate of emigration due to the economic crisis that seriously affected the economy of the country in the 1990s, over 400,000 Ecuadorians left for Spain and Italy, and around 100,000 for the United Kingdom while several hundred thousand Ecuadorians live in the US, (500,000 by some estimates) mostly in the cities of the Northeastern corridor. Many other Ecuadorians have emigrated across Latin America, thousands have gone to Japan and Australia. One famous American of Ecuadorian descent is pop music vocalist Christina Aguilera.
In Ecuador there are about 100,000 Americans and over 30,000 European Union expatriates. They move to Ecuador for business opportunities and as cheaper place for retirement.
As a result of the political conflict in Colombia and of the criminal gangs that had appeared in the areas of power vacuum a constant flow of refugees and asylum seekers as well as economic migrants of Colombian origin had moved into Ecuadorian territory. Over the last decade at least 45,000 displaced people are now residents in Ecuador, the Ecuadorian government and international organizations are assisting them. According to the UNHCR 2009 report as many as 167,189 refugees and asylum seekers are temporary residents in Ecuador.[36]
Following the migratory trend to Europe many of the jobs that those that left held in the country had been taken over by Peruvian economic migrants. Those jobs are mostly in agriculture and unskilled labor. There are no official statistics but some press reports estimate their number into the tens of thousands.
There is a diverse community of Middle Eastern Ecuadorians, numbering in the tens of thousands, mostly from Lebanese, Syrian and Palestinian descent; prominent in commerce and industry, and concentrated in the coastal cities of Guayaquil, Quevedo and Machala. They are well assimilated into the local culture and are referred commonly as "turcos" since the early migrants of these communities arrived with passports issued by the Ottoman Empire in the beginning of the century.[37]
Ecuador is also home to communities of Spaniards, Italians, Germans, Portuguese, French, Britons and Greek-Ecuadorians. Ecuadorian Jews, who number around 450 are mostly of German or Italian descent. There are 225,000 English speakers and 112,000 German speakers in Ecuador of which the great majority reside in Quito, mainly all descendants of immigrants who arrived in the late 19th century and of retired emigrees that returned to their terroir. Most of the descendants of European immigrants strive for the preservation of their heritage. Therefore, some groups even have their own schools (e.g. German School Guayaquil and German School Quito), Liceé La Condamine (French Heritage), Alberto Einstein (Jewish Heritage) and The British School of Quito (Anglo-British), cultural and social organizations, churches and country clubs. Their contribution for the social, political and economical development of the country is immense, specially in relation to their percentage in the total population. Most of the families of European heritage belong to the Ecuadorian upper class and had married into the wealthiest families of the country.
There is also a small Asian-Ecuadorian (see Asian Latino) community estimated in a range from 2,500 to 25,000, mainly consists of those having any amount of ChineseHan descent, and possibly 10,000 being Japanese whose ancestors arrived as miners, farm hands and fishermen in the late 19th century. Guayaquil has an East Asian community, mostly Chinese including Taiwanese, and Japanese, as well as a Southeast Asian community, mostly Filipinos.
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Kekaisaran Romawi Timur pada masa kekuasaan Manuel I Komnenos (sekitar tahun 1170.) Restorasi Komnenos adalah istilah untuk mendeskripsikan pemulihan militer, keuangan, dan wilayah Kekaisaran Romawi Timur di bawah pimpinan dinasti Komnenos. Restorasi ini berlangsung dari saat Alexios I Komnenos naik takhta pada tahun 1081 hingga kematian Manuel I Komnenos pada tahun 1180. Setelah kematian Andronikos I Komnenos pada tahun 1185, Kekaisaran Romawi Timur mulai mengalami kemunduran. Bacaan lanjut ...
Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada November 2022. AgoesniLahir(1918-08-06)6 Agustus 1918Tanjung Alam, Biaro Gadang, Kabupaten Agam, Sumatera Barat, Hindia BelandaMeninggal23 Februari 1995(1995-02-23) (umur 76)Rumah Sakit Dustira, Cimahi, Jawa Barat, IndonesiaPengabdian Kekaisaran Jepang (1944
Indian-American computational biologist M. Madan BabuFRS FRSC FMedSciM. Madan Babu speaking at the Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology (ISMB) conference in Chicago in 2018BornMohan Madan BabuAlma materAnna University (BTech) University of Cambridge (PhD)Awards Colworth Medal (2014) Crick Lecture (2016) EMBO Member (2016) Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists (2018) ISCB Innovator Award (2018) EMBO Gold Medal (2019) Scientific careerFieldsComputational biologySystems biology...
Leptophos Names Preferred IUPAC name O-(4-Bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl) O-methyl phenylphosphonothioate Identifiers CAS Number 21609-90-5 Y 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image ChEBI CHEBI:82137 ChemSpider 28496 Y ECHA InfoCard 100.040.415 EC Number 244-472-8 KEGG C19003 PubChem CID 30709 UNII C45E8FUG3Z UN number 3464 3018 CompTox Dashboard (EPA) DTXSID3040279 InChI InChI=1S/C13H10BrCl2O2PS/c1-17-19(20,9-5-3-2-4-6-9)18-13-8-11(15)10(14)7-12(13)16/h2-8H,1H3 YKey: CVRALZAYCYJELZ-...
American advocacy organization RecoveredTypeDivisionIndustryHealth CareFounded1944 HeadquartersNew York City, New York, U.S.Area servedWorldwideServicesPublishing, Behavioral Health, Healthcare Provider RatingsWebsiterecovered.org Recovered is an behavioral health organization focused on alcoholism, drug addiction and the consequences of alcohol and other drug use. Recovered is built on a foundation of participation by members from the medical, scientific, political and social fields whi...
В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с фамилией Федорив. Роман Федоривукр. Рома́н Фе́дорів Дата рождения 1 декабря 1930(1930-12-01) Место рождения Братковцы, Польша Дата смерти 14 марта 2001(2001-03-14) (70 лет) Место смерти Львов, Украина Гражданство СССР, Украина Род деятельност...
UAE based shipping company This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject. It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly neutral point of view. Please discuss further on the talk page. (August 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The topic of th...
Conservationist Patrick HemingwayHemingway with father Ernest (center), brother Gregory (right) and kittens in CubaBornPatrick Miller Hemingway (1928-06-28) June 28, 1928 (age 95)Kansas City, Missouri, U.S.NationalityAmericanAlma materHarvard University (B.A., 1950)Occupation(s)Wildlife management; writerSpouses Henrietta Broyles (m. 1950; died 1963) Carol Thompson (m. 1982) ChildrenMina HemingwayPare...
Region of active deformation between colliding tectonic plates Simplified diagram of a convergent boundary A convergent boundary (also known as a destructive boundary) is an area on Earth where two or more lithospheric plates collide. One plate eventually slides beneath the other, a process known as subduction. The subduction zone can be defined by a plane where many earthquakes occur, called the Wadati–Benioff zone.[1] These collisions happen on scales of millions to tens of millio...
1935 German film Every Day Isn't SundayDirected byWalter JanssenWritten byHans VietzkeMax WallnerGeorg ZochProduced byHermann SchmidtKurt UlrichStarringAdele SandrockWolfgang LiebeneinerCarola HöhnCinematographyGeorg KrauseEdited byFritz C. MauchMusic byWill MeiselProductioncompanyDelta-Film BerlinRelease date8 March 1935Running time91 minutesCountryGermanyLanguageGerman Every Day Isn't Sunday (German: Alle Tage ist kein Sonntag) is a 1935 German comedy film directed by Walter Janssen and st...
American football team Toledo TroopersFounded1971Folded1980LeagueWomen's Professional Football League (WPFL) 1971–1973National Women's Football League (NWFL) 1974–1979Based inToledo, OhioStadiumWhitmer Memorial Stadium/ Waite StadiumColorsgold, greenOwnerBill Stout, S.K.W. Enterprises, Inc.Championships7 (1971-1977)Websitetoledotroopers.com The Toledo Troopers were a professional women's American football team based in Toledo, Ohio. The Troopers began play in 1971 as a member of the Women...
Национальный совет по охране Родины (НСОР)араб. المجلس الوطني لحماية الوطنфр. Conseil national pour la sauvegarde de la patrie Другие названия Нигерская военная хунта, Нигерская хунта, Военная хунта Нигера Идеология милитаризм, авторитаризм, изоляционизм, антиатлантизм, антиамерикани...
В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с фамилией Гулямов. В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с именем Гафур. Гафур Гулямузб. Ғафур Ғулом Имя при рождении Гафур Гулямович Гулямов Дата рождения 27 апреля (10 мая) 1903(1903-05-10) Место рождения Ташкент, Сырдарьинская область, Рос...
The Nation adalah surat kabar harian yang diterbitkan di Lagos, Nigeria. Menurut survei tahun 2009, surat kabar ini adalah yang kedua paling banyak dibaca di Nigeria, dan hasil ini diulang dalam laporan tahun 2011 oleh The Advertisers' Association of Nigeria (ADVANS).[1] Situs web surat kabar ini menyatakan bahwa mereka mewakili kebebasan, keadilan, dan ekonomi pasar. Audiens target mereka adalah elit bisnis dan politik, orang berkecukupan, berpendidikan, dan bergerak ke atas.[2&#...
