The Charles Shrewsbury House, also known as the Shrewsbury–Windle House, is the 1848 Greek Revival home of Charles Shrewsbury, a salt-barge riverboat agent, flour manufacturer and pork merchant. Shrewsbury was also the mayor of Madison. The house was designed by Francis Costigan. The Shrewsbury house is a two-story brick building, with a symmetrical 3-bay facade and stone trim details. The building corners feature brick pilasters rising to stone capitals, supporting an entablature punctuated by small attic-level windows. The interior has twelve rooms, thirteen fireplaces and a fifty-three step spiral staircase. The floor to ceiling windows are thirteen feet tall. A man on horseback could easily step through the enormous front and rear doors, which are twelve feet in height.[3]
Architectural historians have ranked the house's free-standing spiral staircase as the most impressive part of the interior. Built of pine stairs and cherry railings, the staircase ascends from the middle of the house, supporting its own weight. Aside from allowing access to the second floor, the staircase helps to cool the house: hot air from the first floor can rise through the stairwell and leave the house through the attic windows.[4]
Like many architects and builders of the period, Costigan utilized contemporary design reference works as sources for details and design inspiration. Three books by Minard Lafever appear to have been Costigan’s main sources for the Shrewsbury House project: The Modern Practice of Staircase and Handrail Construction (1838), The Beauties of Modern Architecture (1839), and The Modern Builder’s Guide (1846). Many details are taken directly from Lafever’s plates while others were modified and adapted by Costigan.