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Canada–Syria relations

Canadian–Syrian relations
Map indicating locations of Canada and Syria

Canada

Syria
Diplomatic mission

  • Embassy, Ottawa (Closed)
  • Honorary Consulate, Montreal (Closed)
  • Honorary Consulate, Vancouver[a]
  • Canada–Syria relations were established on 20 May 1965, and they have been significantly affected by the ongoing Syrian Civil War since 2011.

    History

    Ba'athist Syria

    Canada and Ba'athist Syria opened embassies in each other's countries following the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1965.[2] Relations became strained due to Assadist Syria's human rights issues and involvement in regional conflicts, and Canada's diplomatic stance shifted further with the outbreak of the Syrian civil war.[3][4][5]

    Canada closed its embassy in Damascus on 5 March 2012 and suspended formal diplomatic relations,[6] while Syria’s embassy in Ottawa was closed on 29 May 2012.[7] For political reasons, the Syrian consulate in Montreal was closed in 2016.[8]

    As of November 2024, Syria still has an honorary consulate in Vancouver.[9]

    Post-Assad

    After the collapse of the Ba'athist rule in Syria in December 2024, Canada welcomed the end of the Assad regime, and Syrian exiles across Canada celebrated its fall.[10][11]

    In March 2025, Canada has officially suspended economic sanctions against Syria and has appointed the ambassador to Lebanon, Stefanie McCollum, to be its non-resident ambassador to Syria.[12][13]

    Humanitarian aid

    Canada has been an active humanitarian donor during the Syrian crisis, contributing funds for Syrian refugees and internally displaced persons.[14] Canada is one of the largest resettlement countries for Syrian refugees, admitting tens of thousands since the beginning of the war.[15]

    Political positions

    Syrian solidarity demonstration in Montreal, March 2011.

    Canada has imposed sanctions on the Assad regime officials and institutions in response to human rights abuses.[16] It has also supported international efforts to seek accountability for war crimes in the Syrian Civil War.[5]

    See also

    Notes

    1. ^ Also responsible for Syrian interests in the United States.[1]

    References

    1. ^ "الدول التي لا يوجد فيها تمثيل دبلوماسي" [Countries where there is no diplomatic representation]. Syrian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 9 October 2024. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
    2. ^ "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations, 1925-2019". Canadian Global Affairs Institute. January 2020. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
    3. ^ "Minister of Foreign Affairs takes action on Syria's human rights violations". Global Affairs Canada. 4 March 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
    4. ^ "Country Report: Syria". Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. 5 June 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
    5. ^ a b "Netherlands, Canada take Syria to International Court of Justice over torture claims". France 24. 12 June 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
    6. ^ "The Precarious Survival of the Assad Regime". OpenCanada. 10 June 2024. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
    7. ^ "Meet the man looking after the abandoned Syrian embassy for more than a decade". CBC News. 5 December 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
    8. ^ "Canada closes Syrian consulate in Montreal". Middle East Eye. 29 April 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
    9. ^ "القنصلية السورية في مونتريال" [Syrian Consulate in Montreal] (in Arabic). Syrian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
    10. ^ "Canada's response to the situation in Syria". Global Affairs Canada. 10 February 2025. Retrieved 26 March 2025.
    11. ^ "Syrians in Saskatchewan respond to Assad's fall with cautious optimism". CBC News. 9 December 2024. Retrieved 26 March 2025.
    12. ^ https://www.cbc.ca/amp/1.7482362
    13. ^ https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/news/2025/3/13/canada-announces-plan-to-ease-syria-sanctions-appoints-ambassador
    14. ^ "Canada reiterates its commitment to people of Syria amid ongoing crisis". Global Affairs Canada. 27 May 2024. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
    15. ^ "Key figures: Welcome Syrian refugees". Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada. 2 December 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
    16. ^ "Canadian Sanctions Related to Syria". Global Affairs Canada. 19 October 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
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