Archduchess Gregoria Maximiliana of Austria

Gregoria Maximiliana of Austria
Portrait by Jakob de Monte, c. 1591-93
Born(1581-05-22)22 May 1581
Graz, Duchy of Styria, Holy Roman Empire
Died20 September 1597(1597-09-20) (aged 16)
Graz, Duchy of Styria, Holy Roman Empire
Burial
Seckau Abbey
HouseHabsburg
FatherCharles II, Archduke of Austria
MotherMaria Anna of Bavaria

Archduchess Gregoria Maximiliana of Austria (22 May 1581 – 20 September 1597) was a member of the House of Habsburg.

She was the daughter of Charles II, Archduke of Austria, the son of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Maria Anna of Bavaria. Her elder brother Archduke Ferdinand, succeeded as Holy Roman Emperor in 1619.

Life

Born in Graz, her godparents were Pope Gregory XIII and her maternal aunt, Maximiliana Maria of Bavaria.[1] Named after both, Gregoria Maximiliana was described as extremely pious and had the closest relationship to her mother among her siblings.

In addition to the Habsburg inferior lip,[2] Gregoria Maximiliana suffered from a deformed shoulder and a scarred face.[3]

In 1596, the Admiral of Aragon Francisco de Mendoza visited Graz and delivered to the Spanish court portraits of Gregoria Maximiliana and her two younger sisters in marriageable age, Eleanor and Margaret. Shortly after, Gregoria Maximiliana was betrothed to the Prince of Asturias, the future King Philip III of Spain.[4] Although the Prince, after seeing the portraits preferred Margaret, his father King Philip II chose Gregoria Maximiliana as his bride, mainly because she was the older sister.[5]

On 17 September 1597, the Prince of Asturias made a visit to the archducal court in Graz. At this time, Gregoria Maximiliana was seriously ill and she compared her suffering to the prisoners of the Turkish sultan.[6] Three days later, she died aged sixteen, and was in buried in Seckau Abbey.[7] Gregoria Maximiliana's fiancé married her sister Margaret in 1599.

Ancestors

References

  1. ^ Georg Haubenreich, Genealogia, 1598, p. 80. On-line
  2. ^ German Society for Racial Hygiene, Archiv für Rassen- und Gesellschafts-Biologie, einschliesslich Rassen- und Gesellschafts-Hygiene, vol. VIII, p. 779. On-line
  3. ^ Brigitte Hamann, Die Habsburger: ein biographisches Lexikon, Piper, 1988, p. 278.
  4. ^ Societatea Academică Română, Acta historica, vol. III, Societatea Academică Română, 1959, p. 162.
  5. ^ Karl Acham, Kunst und Geisteswissenschaften aus Graz, vol. II, Böhlau Verlag Wien, 2009, p. 88.
  6. ^ Alexander Randa, Pro Republica Christiana, vol. III, Rumänische Akademische Gesellschaft, 1964, p. 166.
  7. ^ Quirin Ritter von Leitner, Die Schatzkammer des Allerhöchsten kaiserhauses, presentation by A. Holzhausen, 1882, p. 145.
  8. ^ a b Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1860). "Habsburg, Karl II. von Steiermark" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 6. p. 352 – via Wikisource.
  9. ^ a b Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1861). "Habsburg, Maria von Bayern" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 7. p. 20 – via Wikisource.
  10. ^ Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor at the Encyclopædia Britannica
  11. ^ a b Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor at the Encyclopædia Britannica
  12. ^ a b Obermayer-Marnach, Eva (1953), "Anna Jagjello", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 1, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, p. 299; (full text online)
  13. ^ a b Goetz, Walter (1953), "Albrecht V.", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 1, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 158–160; (full text online)
  14. ^ a b Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1860). "Habsburg, Anna von Oesterreich (1528–1587)" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 6. p. 151 – via Wikisource.
  15. ^ a b Philip I, King of Castile at the Encyclopædia Britannica
  16. ^ a b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Joanna" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  17. ^ a b Casimir IV, King of Poland at the Encyclopædia Britannica
  18. ^ a b Revue de l'Agenais (in French). Vol. 4. Société des sciences, lettres et arts d'Agen. 1877. p. 497.
  19. ^ a b Riezler, Sigmund Ritter von (1897), "Wilhelm IV.", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 42, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 705–717
  20. ^ a b Brüning, Rainer (2001), "Philipp I.", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 20, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, p. 372; (full text online)