Araria district

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Araria. For other places with same/similar name, see Araria (disambiguation).

Araria district
District of Bihar
Sunset at Sultan Pokhar, Forbesganj
Location of Araria district in Bihar
Country	India
State	Bihar
Region	Mithila
Division	Purnia
Established	14 Jan 1990
Headquarters	Araria
Government
• Lok Sabha constituencies	Araria
• Vidhan Sabha constituencies	Narpatganj, Raniganj, Forbesganj, Araria, Jokihat, Sikti
Area
• Total	2,830 km^2 (1,090 sq mi)
Population  (2011)
• Total	2,811,569
• Density	990/km^2 (2,600/sq mi)
Demographics
• Literacy	53.53%(2011)
• Sex ratio	921 females for every 1000 males
Time zone	UTC+05:30 (IST)
Major highways	NH 57
HDI (2016)	0.251[1] (low)
Website	araria.nic.in

Araria district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. Araria district is a part of Purnia division. The district occupies an area of 2,830 km² (1,090 sq mi). Araria town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Distance from Nepal border is only about 8 km from Forbesganj head quarter.

Etymology

During the British Raj, the area was under the administration of a British district collector and municipal commissioner, Alexander John Forbes (1807-1890) of East India Company. Forbes had a bungalow at the same location. Consequently the area was known as 'residential area' also abbreviated as 'R-area'. Over time, the name transformed to 'Araria' and the neighbouring subdivision came to be known as 'Forbesganj'.^[2]

History

Araria district is a part of the Mithila region.^[3] Mithila first gained prominence after being settled by Indo-Aryan peoples who established the Mithila Kingdom (also called Kingdom of the Videhas).^[4]

During the late Vedic period (c. 1100–500 BCE), Kingdom of the Videhas became one of the major political and cultural centers of South Asia, along with Kuru and Pañcāla. The kings of the Kingdom of the Videhas were called Janakas.^[5] The Mithila Kingdom was later incorporated into the Vajjika League, which had its capital in the city of Vaishali, which is also in Mithila.^[6] The territory of the present-day district became Araria sub-division of the erstwhile Purnia district in 1964. Araria district was formed in January 1990 as one of the administrative districts of under Purnia Division.^{[citation needed]}

2017 North Bihar Floods

2017 Floods affected 19 districts of North Bihar causing death of 514 people,^{[7][8][9][10]} in which Araria district accounted for 95 deaths alone.^[11][12] Floods have claimed 215 lives in Araria over 18 years, of which 61 in 2016.^[13]

Geography

Araria district occupies an area of 2,830 square kilometres (1,090 sq mi),^[14] comparatively equivalent to Russia's Zemlya Georga.^[15] Araria is also known as "Renu ki Dharti" (The Land of Renu). who was one of the most influential writers of Modern Hindi literature after Munshi Prem Chand .The famous villages of Araria are Bairgachhi, Gayyari and Dehti etc.

East-West Corridor passes through the district. Train facility is in the form of broad gauge track and the district have two railway stations. This track ends one side to the Katihar Junction, which is a big and important junction from where trains to all over India are available, other end of track is Jogbani the last point of Indian rail.

Politics

District	No.	Constituency	Name	Party		Alliance		Remarks
Araria	46	Narpatganj	Jai Prakash Yadav		BJP		NDA
	47	Raniganj	Achmit Rishidev		JD(U)		NDA
	48	Forbesganj	Vidya Sagar Keshri		BJP		NDA
	49	Araria	Avidur Rahman		INC		MGB
	50	Jokihat	Mohammed Shahnawaz Alam		RJD		MGB	Switched from AIMIM to RJD[16]
	51	Sikti	Vijay Kumar Mandal		BJP		NDA

Economy

In 2006 the Indian government named Araria one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640)^[17] though it has also been enlisted in the list of 112 aspirational districts of India by NITI Aayog. It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).^[17]

Demographics

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1901	374,909	—
1911	402,864	+0.72%
1921	430,193	+0.66%
1931	465,311	+0.79%
1941	506,546	+0.85%
1951	537,600	+0.60%
1961	779,578	+3.79%
1971	994,586	+2.47%
1981	1,272,151	+2.49%
1991	1,611,638	+2.39%
2001	2,158,608	+2.97%
2011	2,811,569	+2.68%
source:[18]

According to the 2011 census Araria district has a population of 2,811,569,^[19] roughly equal to the nation of Jamaica^[20] or the US state of Utah.^[21] This gives it a ranking of 139th in India (out of a total of 640).^[19] The district has a population density of992 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,570/sq mi) .^[19] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 30%.^[19] Araria has a sex ratio of 921 females for every 1000 males,^[19] and a literacy rate of 55.1%.^[19] 6.00% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 13.61% and 1.38% of the population respectively.^[19]

Religions in Araria district (2011)[22]
Religion			Percent
Hinduism			56.68%
Islam			42.95%
Other or not stated			0.37%

Hinduism is the majority religion. Muslims are majority in Araria and Jokihat blocks, and are in near-majority in Palasi block.^[22]

Block	Hindu %	Muslim %	Other %
Narpatganj	70.45	29.23	0.32
Forbesganj	62.56	36.99	0.45
Bhargama	75.26	24.52	0.22
Raniganj	69.09	30.3	0.61
Araria	39.01	60.61	0.38
Kursakatta	74.79	24.92	0.29
Sikti	65.09	34.73	0.18
Palasi	51.09	48.46	0.45
Jokihat	21.39	78.38	0.23

Languages in Araria district (2011)^[23]

  Urdu (28.71%)

  Hindi (25.05%)

  Maithili (including Thethi) (20.57%)

  'Other' Hindi (16.43%)

  Bengali (2.17%)

  Kulhaiya (2.10%)

  Surjapuri (1.91%)

  Santali (1.05%)

  Others (2.01%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 28.71% of the population in the district spoke Urdu, 25.05% Hindi, 20.57% Maithili (including Thati), 2.17% Bengali, 2.10% Kulhaiya, 1.91% Surjapuri and 1.05% Santali as their first language. 16.43% spoke languages recorded as 'Others' under Hindi on the census.^[23]

Administration

The district is divided into two subdivisions, Forbesganj subdivision and Araria subdivision.

Notable people

• Phanishwar Nath 'Renu', novelist and story writer.
• Mohammed Taslimuddin Former Union Minister of State^[24]
• Subrata Roy, chairman of Sahara Group
• Quaiser Khalid IPS, Maharashtra Cadre, Poet, Educationist^[25]

See also

• Districts of Bihar
• Araria Lok Sabha constituency

References

1. "Development of Human Development Index at District Level for EAG States". March 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
2. Prasad, Bhuvaneshwar; Agrawal, Rajendra (27 March 2013). "Telecom racket busted in sleepy Araria district of Bihar". The Times of India. TNN. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
3. "Bihar assembly elections 2020: BJP eyes winning push from Mithila | Bihar Assembly Elections 2020 Election News - Times of India". The Times of India.
4. Michael Witzel (1989), Tracing the Vedic dialects in Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes ed. Caillat, Paris, pages 13, 17 116–124, 141–143
5. Witzel, M. (1989). "Tracing the Vedic dialects". In Caillat, C. (ed.). Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes. Paris: Fondation Hugot. pp. 141–143.
6. Hemchandra, R. (1972). Political History of Ancient India. Calcutta: University of Calcutta.
7. "Floods in Bihar not man-made, says minister | Patna News - Times of India". The Times of India.
8. "Flood Situation Improves In Bihar, Number Of Dead At 514". NDTV.com.
9. "Floods in Bihar: Flood situation worsens in Bihar, death toll rises to 253 | India News - Times of India". The Times of India.
10. "Bihar floods: 119 dead; bridge collapse caught on camera | Patna News - Times of India". The Times of India.
11. "बिहार : बाढ़ ने लिखी खौफनाक कहानी, अबतक 379 व्यक्तियों की मौत और 1.61 करोड आबादी प्रभावित". Prabhat Khabar - Hindi News.
12. "Death toll in Bihar floods mounts to 304; situation grim in UP | India News - Times of India". The Times of India.
13. "Araria to Kishenganj, Bihar's decades-old flood tragedy has a worrying new trend". Hindustan Times. September 10, 2017.
14. Srivastava (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". In Dayawanti (ed.). India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
15. "Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area". United Nations Environment Program. 1998-02-18. Archived from the original on 2018-02-20. Retrieved 2011-10-11. Zemlya Georga 2,821km2
16. "Bihar: Four of five AIMIM MLAs join RJD, making it single-largest party again with 80 seats". The Indian Express. 2022-06-30. Retrieved 2022-07-09.
17. Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
18. "Table A-02 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901: Bihar" (PDF). census.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
19. "District Census Handbook: Araria" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
20. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on June 13, 2007. Retrieved 2011-10-01. Jamaica 2,868,380 July 2011 est
21. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Utah 2,763,885
22. "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Bihar". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
23. "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Bihar". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
24. "Who was Mohammed Taslimuddin, RJD strongman and voice of Seemanchal who died at 74 on Sunday". September 18, 2017.
25. "Quaiser Khalid - Profile & Biography". Rekhta.

External links

• Araria district website

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