Method E: The reaction between 2-[4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1-piperazinyl]ethanol [40004-29-3] (1) and Isatoic anhydride [118-48-9] (2) goes on to give 4-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperazine-1-ethyl 2-aminobenzoate [51941-08-3] (3).
Method G: Alkylation with 4-chloro-7-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline [346-55-4] (4) completed the synthesis of antrafenine (5).
^ abManoury PM, Dumas AP, Najer H, Branceni D, Prouteau M, Lefevre-Borg FM (May 1979). "Synthesis and analgesic activities of some (4-substituted phenyl-1-piperazinyl)alkyl 2-aminobenzoates and 2-aminonicotinates". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 22 (5): 554–9. doi:10.1021/jm00191a017. PMID458805.
^Leatham PA, Bird HA, Wright V, Seymour D, Gordon A (1983). "A double blind study of antrafenine, naproxen and placebo in osteoarthrosis". European Journal of Rheumatology and Inflammation. 6 (2): 209–11. PMID6673985.
^Don Pierre Rene Lucien Giudicelli, et al. U.S. patent 4,017,623 (1977 to Synthelabo SA).
^Don Pierre Rene Lucien Giudicelli, et al. U.S. patent 3,935,229 (1976 to Synthelabo SA).
^Don Pierre Rene Lucien Giudicelli, et al. U.S. patent 3,953,449 (1976 to Synthelabo SA).