Alfred Rohde

Alfred Rohde
First Secretary of the
Socialist Unity Party at SDAG Wismut
In office
5 February 1971 – 12 November 1989
Second Secretary
  • Heinz Freitag
Preceded byKurt Kieß
Succeeded byHeinz Freitag
Volkskammer
Member of the Volkskammer
for Aue, Stollberg
In office
26 November 1971 – 16 November 1989
Preceded byWolfgang Rauchfuß
Succeeded byJochen Thiele
Personal details
Born
Alfred Rohde

(1921-04-21)21 April 1921
Dresden, Free State of Saxony, Weimar Republic (now Germany)
Died30 January 1990(1990-01-30) (aged 68)
Political partySED-PDS
(1989–1990)
Other political
affiliations		Socialist Unity Party
(1946–1989)
Social Democratic Party
(1945–1946)
Alma mater
Occupation
  • Politician
  • Party Functionary
  • Machinist
Awards
Central institution membership
Other offices held

Alfred Rohde (21 April 1921 – 30 January 1990) was a German politician and party functionary of the Socialist Unity Party (SED).

In the German Democratic Republic, he served as the longtime First Secretary of the SED at SDAG Wismut and was a member of the Central Committee of the SED. As First Secretary, he was a powerful leader in the GDR's most important mining company, the fourth largest uranium producer in the world.

He committed suicide in January 1990, having lost power in the Peaceful Revolution.

Life and career

Early career

Rohde was born as the son of a locksmith and a factory worker. He attended elementary and vocational school until Easter 1935. Between April 1935 and February 1939, he trained as a machinist and subsequently worked in this profession in Dresden from March 1939 to October 1940 and in Leipzig from October 1940 to March 1942.[1]

From March 1942 to May 1945, he served in the Wehrmacht. From May to September 1945, Rohde was held as a British prisoner of war in Schleswig-Holstein. After his release, he worked again as a machinist in Dresden until December 1950.[1]

In September 1945, he joined the SPD (Social Democratic Party of Germany) in 1945, which was forcibly merged with the KPD (Communist Party of Germany) to form the SED (Socialist Unity Party of Germany) in 1946. Additionally, he joined the FDGB (Free German Trade Union Federation) in 1946.[1]

From 1946 to 1950, he was the chairman of the BGL (company trade union leadership) and, after attending the state party school "Ernst Thälmann" in Meißen, served as secretary of the SED party organization at VEB Universelle-Werke, a factory making machines for the production of cigarettes, from January to November 1951 and as a member of an SED city district leadership in Dresden.[1]

From December 1951 to June 1952, he was the head of the organization and instructor department of the Dresden SED and from July 1952 to February 1953, the head of the department for party organs and mass organizations of the Dresden-Land SED.[1]

From February 1953 to September 1955, he participated in the first three-year course at the "Karl Marx" Party Academy. He graduated with a diploma in social sciences (Dipl.-Ges.-Wiss.). From November 1955 to June 1966, he subsequently worked as an instructor in the party organs department and as a political staff member in the Central Committee of the SED.[1]

SDAG Wismut SED

Former SDAG Wismut SED building in Chemnitz in August 2008

In 1969, Rohde was transferred to the Soviet-German joint-stock company (SDAG) Wismut SED as Second Secretary, succeeding Günter Eichmann,[1][2][3] who left to study at the Bergakademie Freiberg.[4]

The SDAG Wismut SED party organization, titled territorial party leadership (German: Gebietsparteileitung), held the rank of a Bezirk party organization,[2][5][6] unlike all other industrial party organizations, as SDAG Wismut was a massive mining undertaking with dozens of locations.[2] It was described as a "state within a state".[5][6]

In December 1970, First Secretary Kurt Kieß surprisingly died at the age of 56.[3][7] Rohde was elected to succeeded him in February 1971.[1][2][8][9] He additionally became a full member of the Central Committee of the SED in June (VIII. Party Congress), serving until its collective resignation in December 1989, and of the Volkskammer in November,[1] nominally representing a constituency in the Ore Mountains in Bezirk Karl-Marx-Stadt.[10][11][12]

Rohde was awarded the Patriotic Order of Merit in bronze in 1968, in silver and in Gold in 1986, the Order of Karl Marx in 1981, the Banner of Labor in 1984 and the Order of Lenin.[1]

Peaceful Revolution and Death

During the Wende, on 12 November 1989, the SDAG Wismut SED removed him from the position of First Secretary and installed his longtime deputy Heinz Freitag as his successor.[2][13] Freitag led the party organization until its dissolution in December.[2] He was removed by his party from the Volkskammer a week later, on 16 November 1989.[14]

Rohde committed suicide on 30 January 1990.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Rohde, Alfred". www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de. Wer war wer in der DDR? (in German). Federal Foundation for the Reappraisal of the SED Dictatorship. 2009. Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "SED-Gebietsleitung Wismut (Bestand)". www.archivportal-d.de (in German). Sächsisches Staatsarchiv. Retrieved 2024-08-05.
  3. ^ a b Parteiapparat der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik (DDR) 1970 (PDF) (in German). Gesamtdeutsche Institut - Bundesanstalt für gesamtdeutsche Aufgaben. 1970. p. 32. Retrieved 2024-08-05.
  4. ^ "Eichmann, Günter". www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de. Wer war wer in der DDR? (in German). Federal Foundation for the Reappraisal of the SED Dictatorship. 2009. Retrieved 2024-08-05.
  5. ^ a b Schütterle, Juliane (2008). "Die toten Helden der Arbeit". www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de. Die DDR im Blick - Ein zeithistorisches Lesebuch (in German). Federal Foundation for the Reappraisal of the SED Dictatorship. ISBN 978-3-940938-04-6. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
  6. ^ a b Beleites, Michael (1992). Altlast Wismut: Ausnahmezustand, Umweltkatastrophe und das Sanierungsproblem im deutschen Uranbergbau (PDF) (in German) (1. Aufl ed.). Frankfurt a. M: Brandes & Apsel. p. 24. ISBN 978-3-86099-104-6. Retrieved 2024-09-18.
  7. ^ "Kieß, Kurt". www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de. Wer war wer in der DDR? (in German). Federal Foundation for the Reappraisal of the SED Dictatorship. 2009. Retrieved 2024-08-05.
  8. ^ "Alfred Rohde zum 1. Sekretär gewählt". www.nd-archiv.de (in German). Neues Deutschland. 1971-02-06. Retrieved 2024-08-05.
  9. ^ "Gebietsparteileitung Wismut der SED und Vorläufer (1947 - 1990)". www.bundesarchiv.de (in German). German Federal Archives. 2006. Retrieved 2024-08-05.
  10. ^ Volkskammer der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik 1971-1976 (PDF) (in German). VEB Staatsverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik. 1971. p. 784. Retrieved 2024-08-05.
  11. ^ Volkskammer der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik 1981-1986 (PDF) (in German). VEB Staatsverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik. 1981. p. 35. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
  12. ^ Volkskammer der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik 1986-1990 (PDF) (in German). VEB Staatsverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik. 1986. p. 35. Retrieved 2024-08-15.
  13. ^ "Freitag, Heinz". www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de. Wer war wer in der DDR? (in German). Federal Foundation for the Reappraisal of the SED Dictatorship. 2009. Retrieved 2024-08-05.
  14. ^ "Chronik der DDR Donnerstag 16. November 1989". www.ddr89.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-06-29.