2021 East Java earthquake

2021 East Java Earthquake

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UTC time	2021-04-10 07:00:15
ISC event	620236368
USGS-ANSS	ComCat
Local date	10 April 2021 (2021-04-10)
Local time	14:00:15 WIB (UTC+7)
Duration	12-30 seconds[1]
Magnitude	6.1 Mw (BMKG) 6.0 Mw (USGS)[2][3][4]
Depth	80 km (50 mi) 67 km (42 mi) (USGS)
Epicenter	8.83°S 112.50°E / -8.83; 112.50 BMKG
Areas affected	East Java
Max. intensity	MMI V (Moderate)
Tsunami	No
Landslides	Yes[5][6]
Aftershocks	3 Largest; 5.1 Mw  (as of 11 April 2021)[7]
Casualties	10 dead, 104 injured

An earthquake occurred on 10 April 2021 at 14:00 local time (UTC+07:00) off the south coast of eastern Java. The epicenter of the earthquake is located 44 km south–southwest of Gondanglegi Kulon in East Java province.^[2] Measuring 6.0 or 6.1 on the moment magnitude scale (M_w ) and having a depth of 82.3 km, the earthquake caused moderate shaking measuring V on the Mercalli intensity scale.^[8] At least 10 individuals are known to have died from the earthquake and another 104 were seriously injured.^[9][10]

Earthquake

The earthquake initially registered magnitude 6.7 at a depth of 25 km, but was revised to 6.1 at 60 km depth by the BMKG.^[11] This earthquake occurred as a result of oblique–slip faulting at an intermediate depth just off the coast of East Java.^[2] Based on its location and depth of hypocenter, this earthquake is a medium-sized event due to subduction activity.^[12] According to Rahmat Triyono, Head of Earthquake and Tsunami Center at BMKG, the earthquake did not have the capacity to generate a large tsunami, but did warn residents in the affected area to watch out for landslides.^[13] Because of its depth however, the earthquake was also felt at distant locations including Bali and Yogyakarta.^[14] In Lombok, many visitors at a shopping mall evacuated to the first floor when they felt the shaking.^[15]

On May 21, a magnitude 5.9 earthquake occurred about 27 km from the epicenter of the 10 April earthquake. This is not an aftershock of the 10 April event as the May 21 event was deeper than the 10 April event.^[16]

Damage

Damage to the exterior of a building in Malang Regency

Despite having light to moderate shaking, the earthquake caused significant damage to buildings and triggered landslides in East Java. A total of 4,404 homes in the affected area were damaged, with 1,160 of them being serious. Latest reports suggest some 170 schools, 12 healthcare buildings, 64 religious locations and 15 other public infrastructures have been compromised.^[9] Eighty-five (85) buildings have also been damaged to the extent that repair works are impossible.^[17][18]

A survey conducted by the BMKG to uncover the cause of damage revealed that many houses were not constructed with earthquake-resistant features. Shoddy construction methods that did not meet the latest safety codes resulted in structural failures during the earthquake.^[19] The Volcanological Survey of Indonesia added that many of these houses were constructed on young quaternary volcanic and alluvium deposits which amplified the strength of ground motion during the earthquake.^[20]

Blitar

Among the infrastructures affected were a hospital and the Blitar Regency Government building. Both buildings suffered partial collapse of their ceilings.^[21] The Mardi Waluyo Hospital sustained serious damage when its ceiling suddenly collapsed, littering an unspecified number of patient rooms with ceiling and electrical components. A spokesman at the hospital said there were no casualties resulting from the collapsing roof.^[22] Many residential homes and schools were also damaged by the earthquake, with walls, windows, and roofs falling off. Many shops also had items falling off their shelves.^[23] Two mosques in the Blitar Regency were also affected by the quake.^[24]

According to the Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management (BNPB), ten homes suffered heavy damage while 85 were moderately affected. Another 217 houses had light structural damage. Nine offices and three village halls were also harmed by the earthquake.^[25]

Malang

The earthquake disrupted the supply of electricity and operations at a power station, causing blackouts in parts of the Malang Regency.^[26]

At least 525 homes had minimal damage, while an additional 114 had moderate damage. The Malang Regency was the most affected area in East Java, with at least 57 homes seriously damaged.^[25] Fourteen schools, six bridges, eight schools, and 26 buildings of worship were also damaged.^[25]

Batu

In Batu City, the earthquake knocked off the head of a seven-meter tall gorilla statue at the Batu Secret Zoo. There were no casualties from the collapse.^[27]

Casualties

Ten individuals were confirmed fatalities of the earthquake, while at least 104 others were injured.^[28] Five of the deceased were from the Tempursari District, in the Lumajang Regency.^[29][30] A man in Lumajang was killed after being struck by a falling boulder while riding a motorcycle. Another person on that same motorcycle was rushed to a hospital but died from massive injuries.^[31]

In the Ampelgading Subdistrict, Malang Regency, another three were found dead. The Acting Chief Executive of BPBD added that most of the victims died from injuries inflicted when their homes collapsed.^[30] Another victim, an elderly person also became a fatality of the earthquake three days later. The person, in their 90s, succumbed to injuries while undergoing treatment at a hospital in Malang.^[9]

Response

In the immediate aftermath of the earthquake, the Malang Regency government declared the event an emergency and established a disaster response post. A Quick Reaction Team was also sent to survey the impacted regions.^[32] They also ensured that survivors who had lost their homes to the earthquake would reside temporary shelters. Fourteen severely damaged homes would be cleared away for the construction of makeshift homes which is expected to take ten days to complete.^[33]

The BNPB had also reassured some residents that homes with moderate or light damage would be restored, with assistance from local government agencies. The Ministry of Public Works and Housing would collaborate with the BNPB in efforts to repair homes that were seriously affected by the earthquake.^[34]

Stimulant funds would be provided to residents who had their homes affected, by the BNPB. Those with lightly damaged houses would receive 10 million rupiah, 25 million for moderately damaged homes, and 50 million for the most severe cases.^[34]

See also

• List of earthquakes in 2021
• List of earthquakes in Indonesia
• Lists of 21st-century earthquakes
• 2018 East Java earthquake

References

1. Egeham, Lizsa (10 April 2021). "BMKG Catat Ada 3 Kali Gempa Susulan di Malang". liputan6.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 10 April 2021.
2. "M 6.0 – 44 km SSW of Gongdanglegi Kulon, Indonesia". USGS-ANSS. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
3. Rahajeng Kusumo Hastuti (10 April 2021). "Gempa M 6,1 Guncang Jatim, BNPB: 6 Orang Meninggal" (in Indonesian). Jakarta. CNBC Indonesia. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
4. "ULASAN GUNCANGAN TANAH AKIBAT GEMPABUMI DI BARAT DAYA MALANG JAWA TIMUR 10 APRIL 2021" (PDF) (in Indonesian). 10 April 2021. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
5. Liputan6.com (10 April 2021). "Satu Warga di Lumajang Tertimpa Batu Longsor Saat Gempa Mengguncang Malang". liputan6.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 11 April 2021.
6. "Tebing di Lereng Bromo Longsor akibat Gempa Magnitudo 6,7, Rumah Warga Rusak". iNews.ID (in Indonesian). 10 April 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
7. "M 5.1 – 21 km S of Sumberpucung, Indonesia". USGS-ANSS. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
8. "This is a list of areas shaken by the earthquake in Malang Regency". Jakarta. CNBC Indonesia. 10 April 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
9. "Korban Gempa Malang Bertambah Satu, Meninggal setelah 3 Hari Dirawat". iNews.ID (in Indonesian). 13 April 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
10. hermesauto (10 April 2021). "At least 8 dead, 39 injured after magnitude 6.1 earthquake hits Indonesia's Java island". The Straits Times. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
11. "Gempa Malang 6,1 M Terasa di Sebagian Pulau Jawa hingga Lombok, Begini Informasi dari BMKG". TRIBUNNEWS.COM. 10 April 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
12. "Gempa di Malang Akibat Aktivitas Subduksi". medcom. 10 April 2021.
13. Agus Basuki (10 April 2021). "Indonesia quake kills 8 in Java, jolts Bali; no tsunami risk". CP24. Malang, Indonesia. Associated Press. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
14. Holy Kartika Nurwigati Sumartiningtya (10 April 2021). "Gempa Malang, Mengapa Guncangannya Sangat Luas sampai Yogyakarta dan Bali?". Kompas. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
15. Karnia Septia; Teuku Muhammad Valdy Arief (10 April 2021). "Gempa 6,7 di Malang Terasa hingga Lombok, Pengunjung Mal Berhamburan". Mataram. Kompas. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
16. "Fakta-Fakta Gempa Blitar, Jawa Timur 21 Mei 2021". rri.co.id. 22 May 2021.
17. MARIA FATIMA BONA (11 April 2021). "Eight Killed in East Java Earthquake". Jakarta, Indonesia: Jakarta Globe. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
18. CNN Indonesia (10 April 2021). "Malang Aftershocks Happened 5 Times, Killed 8 People". Surabaya, Indonesia: CNN Indonesia. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
19. Detikcom team (14 April 2021). "Survei BMKG: Banyak Struktur Bangunan di Malang Tak Tahan Gempa". Jakarta, Indonesia. Detik News. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
20. Agung DH (10 April 2021). "PVMBG Analysis of the Latest Earthquake on the South Coast of East Java Today". Tirto. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
21. "Death toll rises to 7 in East Java earthquake". The Jakarta Post. Jakarta, Indonesia. 11 April 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
22. "The Ceilings of Jebol, This Sighting of Damage Mardi Waluyo Blitar Hospital Due to the Shock of the Malang Earthquake". Surabaya, Indonesia: Voice of Indonesia. 10 April 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
23. Asmaul Chusna; Endang Sukarelawati (10 April 2021). "A number of buildings in Blitar Regency were damaged by the earthquake". Blitar, Indonesia. Antara News. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
24. "Blitar Regency Government Prepares 3 Refugees for Earthquake Victims". Surabaya, Indonesia. Liputan. 12 April 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
25. Theophilus Yanuarto. "[Update] – Fast Motion of BPBD in Areas Affected by the M6,1 Earthquake". BNPB. Jakarta, Indonesia. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
26. Muhammad Hendartyo; Rr. Ariyani Yakti Widyastuti (10 April 2021). "PLN Restores Electricity Disturbance Due to Malang Earthquake in Less than 2 Hours". Surabaya, Indonesia. Tempo. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
27. "Gorilla Statue at Batu Secret Zoo Collapsed Shaken By Malang Earthquake". Malang, Indonesia: Voice of Indonesia. 10 April 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
28. Liputan6.com (30 April 2021). "Update Korban Gempa Malang: 10 Orang Meninggal, 2 Luka Berat dan 97 Luka Ringan". liputan6.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 21 May 2021.
29. "Impact of the Malang earthquake: 8 people died, thousands of houses were damaged, Blitar and Malang were the worst". TRIBUNNEWS.COM. 11 April 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
30. "Latest Data: 8 People in East Java Died in Malang Earthquake, Most Hit By Buildings". Surabaya, Indonesia: Voice of Indonesia. 10 April 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
31. "Tragis, Suami Istri di Lumajang Tewas Tertimpa Batu Besar Saat Gempa Malang". Kompas. 11 April 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
32. "Malang Regency Government Sets Earthquake Emergency Response Status" (in Indonesian). Jakarta, Indonesia: CNN Indonesia. 11 April 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
33. Abdul Aziz Mahrizal Ramadan (14 April 2021). "Malang Regency Government Will Immediately Build Temporary Shelters for Earthquake Victims" (in Indonesian). Suaramalang. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
34. "BNPB Jamin Perbaikan Rumah Rusak Korban Gempa Malang" (in Indonesian). Jakarta, Indonesia: CNN Indonesia. 12 April 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2021.