Χερσόνησος της Καλλίπολης

Συντεταγμένες: 40°22′2″N 26°27′18″E / 40.36722°N 26.45500°E / 40.36722; 26.45500

Δορυφορική εικόνα της χερσονήσου της Καλλίπολης

Η χερσόνησος της Καλλίπολης (τουρκικά: Gelibolu Yarımadası) είναι χερσόνησος στην Ανατολική Θράκη, στο ευρωπαϊκό τμήμα της Τουρκίας, που βρέχεται από το Αιγαίο Πέλαγος στα δυτικά και τον κόλπο του Σάρου στα βόρεια, καθώς και τον Ελλήσποντο (Δαρδανέλια) στα νοτιοανατολικά μέχρι τα βορειοανατολικά και την Προποντίδα (Θάλασσα του Μαρμαρά).

Το όνομά της το πήρε από την αρχαία ελληνική πόλη Καλλίπολη, που σημαίνει «όμορφη πόλη». Κατά την αρχαιότητα ήταν γνωστή ως Θρακική χερσόνησος.

Είναι γνωστή για την εκστρατεία της Καλλίπολης (1915-1916) που έλαβε χώρα κατά τη διάρκεια του Α΄ Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου.

Στον αυχένα της χερσονήσου της Καλλιπόλεως υπήρχε αρχαίο οχυρωματικό τείχος, όπου κατά τον Ηρόδοτο έκτισε ο Μιλτιάδης ο Πρεσβύτερος τον 6ο αιώνα π.Χ. και μια χιλιετία αργότερα ο αυτοκράτορας του Βυζαντίου, Ιουστινιανός Α´ το ανοικοδόμησε ώστε να αποτρέψει την κάθοδο εχθρών προς τη χερσόνησο κι από εκεί προς τη μικρασιατικές ακτές των Δαρδανελλίων και ενδότερα, ενώ επίσης στην περιοχή εγκατέστησε σημαντικές στρατιωτικές αποθήκες σιταριού και κρασιού, ερείπια των οποίων είναι ακόμη εμφανή[1][2].

Παραπομπές

  1. ↑ Gallipoli, Turkey Αρχειοθετήθηκε 2021-10-14 στο Wayback Machine. in the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.
  2. ↑ Callipolis in the New Advent Encyclopedia.

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