Phosphor(II)-iodid

Strukturformel
Struktur von Phosphor(II)-iodid
Allgemeines
Name Phosphor(II)-iodid
Andere Namen
  • Diphosphortetraiodid
  • Tetraioddiphosphan
  • Tetraioddiphosphin
Summenformel P2I4
Kurzbeschreibung

hellrote Kristalle[1]

Externe Identifikatoren/Datenbanken
CAS-Nummer 13455-00-0
EG-Nummer 236-646-7
ECHA-InfoCard 100.033.301
PubChem 83484
Wikidata Q412973
Eigenschaften
Molare Masse 569,57 g·mol−1
Aggregatzustand

fest

Schmelzpunkt

125,5 °C[1]

Sicherheitshinweise
GHS-Gefahrstoffkennzeichnung[2]
Gefahrensymbol

Gefahr

H- und P-Sätze H: 314
P: 280​‐​305+351+338​‐​310[2]
Soweit möglich und gebräuchlich, werden SI-Einheiten verwendet.
Wenn nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die angegebenen Daten bei Standardbedingungen (0 °C, 1000 hPa).

Phosphor(II)-iodid ist eine chemische Verbindung mit der Summenformel P2I4. Sie besteht aus zwei Phosphor­atomen in der Oxidationsstufe +2, die über eine Einfachbindung miteinander verbunden sind. Jedes Phosphoratom besitzt des Weiteren zwei Bindungen zu Iod­atomen.

Darstellung

Phosphor(II)-iodid kann aus den Elementen gewonnen werden. Hierzu wird weißer Phosphor mit elementarem Iod zur Reaktion gebracht.[1]

Weitere Möglichkeiten sind die Iodierung von Phosphan[1] und die Iodierung von Phosphortrichlorid mit Kaliumiodid.[3]

Eigenschaften

Phosphor(II)-iodid ist eine bei Raumtemperatur feste Verbindung, die bei 125,5 °C schmilzt. Phosphor(II)-iodid reagiert mit Brom zu einer Mischung aus Phosphortriiodid, Phosphortribromid und den gemischten Halogeniden PBr2I und PBrI2.[4]

Die Verbindung besitzt eine trikline Kristallstruktur mit der Raumgruppe P1 (Raumgruppen-Nr. 2)Vorlage:Raumgruppe/2.[5]

Verwendung

Phosphor(II)-iodid kann zur Synthese von Aziridinen aus Aminoalkoholen benutzt werden.[6]

Des Weiteren wird es zur Herstellung von Nitrilen aus Carbonsäuren eingesetzt.[7]

Einzelnachweise

  1. a b c d A. F. Holleman, E. Wiberg, N. Wiberg: Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie. 101. Auflage. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-11-012641-9.
  2. a b Datenblatt Diphosphorus tetraiodide bei Sigma-Aldrich, abgerufen am 19. April 2011 (PDF).
  3. H. Suzuki, T. Fuchita, A. Iwasa, T. Mishina: Diphosphorus Tetraiodide as a Reagent for Converting Epoxides into Olefins, and Aldoximes into Nitriles under Mild Conditions, in: Synthesis, 1978, 12, S. 905–908; doi:10.1055/s-1978-24936.
  4. A. H. Cowley, S. T. Cohen: The Iodides of Phosphorus. II. The Reaction of Bromine with Diphosphorus Tetraiodide, in: Tetrahedron Letters, 1965, 4, S. 1221–1222; doi:10.1021/ic50030a029.
  5. Matthias F. Groh, Ulrike Müller, Ejaz Ahmed, Alexander Rothenberger, Michael Ruck: Substitution of Conventional High-temperature Syntheses of Inorganic Compounds by Near-room-temperature Syntheses in Ionic Liquids. In: Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B. 68, 2013, doi:10.5560/ZNB.2013-3141.
  6. H. Suzuki, H. Tani: A mild cyclization of 2-aminoalcohols to aziridines using diphosphorus tetraiodide, in: Chemistry Letters, 1984, 13, S. 2129–2130; doi:10.1246/cl.1984.2129.
  7. V. N. Telvekar, R. A. Rane: A novel system for the synthesis of nitriles from carboxylic acids, in: Tetrahedron Letters, 2007, 48, S. 6051–6053; doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.06.108.

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