Al-ʿAlaq

Al-ʿAlaq
Ägyptische Kalligraphie der ersten vier Verse Al-ʿAlaqs

Al-ʿAlaq (arabisch العَلَق ‚Der Blutklumpen‘) oder Iqra (إقرا ‚rezitiere, lies!‘) ist die 96. Koransure. Sie umfasst 19 Verse. Die Sure wurde in der 1. Offenbarungsperiode in Mekka offenbart. Sie gilt in chronologischer Reihenfolge[1] als die erste offenbarte Sure.

Die ersten fünf Verse der Sure 96 stellen nach mehrheitlicher Auffassung die Anfänge der Offenbarungen und damit den Anfang von Mohammeds Prophetie dar. Andere Traditionen dagegen wollen in der Sure 74, Verse 1–7 die Anfänge der Offenbarungen sehen.[2]

Inhalt

Gemäß der Überlieferung nach Mohammeds Cousin Ibn ʿAbbās und seinem Schüler Mudschāhid ibn Dschabr fand die erste Offenbarung in der Höhle im Berg Hirā' statt. Es sind die ersten fünf Verse der Sure (96,1-5).

Die Zabaniyya sind im Islam die Engel der Hölle. Sie werden erwähnt im Koran in Sure 96,18.

Zitate

„Wirf dich nieder und nähere dich Gott!“

– Sure 96,19

Letzter Vers, der zugleich Niederwerfung verlangt.

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Versuch einer wissenschaftlichen historisch-chronologischen Reihenfolge der Offenbarungen nach: Theodor Nöldeke: Geschichte des Qorāns. Göttingen 1860; 2. Aufl., Teil 1–3, bearb. von Friedrich Schwally (Teil 1–2), Goffhelf Bergsträsser u. Otto Pretzl (Teil 3). Leipzig 1909–1938 (ND Hildesheim 1970 u.ö.).
  2. ↑ Siehe die Zusammenstellung kontroverser Ansichten in der islamischen Traditionsliteratur bei Richard Bell: Mohammed’s Call; in: The Moslem World 24 (1934), S. 13–19. Auch in: Rudi Paret (Hrsg.): Der Koran; Darmstadt 1975; S. 86–92.
Vorherige Sure:
at-Tīn 		Der Koran Nächste Sure:
al-Qadr
Sure 96

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114

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