Varnsdorf

Varnsdorf
Warnsdorf
Varnsdorfs byvåben Varnsdorfs byflag
Overblik
Land Tjekkiet
BorgmesterJan Šimek[1][2] Rediger på Wikidata
Postnr.407 47, 407 52 Rediger på Wikidata
Nummerplade­bogstav(er)DC Rediger på Wikidata
Demografi
Indbyggere 14.716 (2024) Rediger på Wikidata
 - Areal26,2 km²
 - Befolknings­tæthed561 pr. km²
Andet
Højde m.o.h.332 m Rediger på Wikidata
Hjemmesidewww.varnsdorf.cz
Oversigtskort
Varnsdorf ligger i Tjekkiet
Varnsdorf
Varnsdorf
Varnsdorfs beliggenhed i Tjekkiet 50°54′42″N 14°37′6″Ø / 50.91167°N 14.61833°Ø / 50.91167; 14.61833

Varnsdorf (tjekkisk udtale: [ˈvarnzdorf] ; tysk: Warnsdorf, Upper Sorbian) er en by i regionen Ústí nad Labem i Tjekkiet med omkring 15.000 indbyggere. Den ligger på grænsen til Tyskland.

Landsbyerne Studánka og Světliny 1.díl er administrative dele af Varnsdorf.

Geografi

Varnsdorf ligger omkring 31. km nordøst for Děčín. Den ligger i den fremtrædende region Šluknov Hook på grænsen til Tyskland.

Varnsdorf ligger i Lausitzer Bergland. Det højeste punkt er bakken Špičák på 544 meter over havets overflade. Floden Mandau løber gennem byen.

Peter og Paul-kirken på E. Beneše Pladsen

Historie

Den første skriftlige omtale af Varnsdorf er fra 1357. I 1681 blev Varnsdorf med hele herregården købt af huset Liechtenstein, og det forblev i deres besiddelse indtil 1919.[3]

I 1849 fusionerede det gamle Varnsdorf med fem kommuner og skabte en ny kommune kaldet Varnsdorf. Det var den største kommune i det østrigske imperium efter befolkning uden byrettigheder. I 1868 blev Varnsdorf en by.[3]

Før 1. verdenskrigs afslutning var Varnsdorf en del af Østrig-Ungarn. Den 24. november 1918 blev byen en del af Den Tjekkoslovakiske Republik.[4] I henhold til Saint-Germain-en-Laye-traktaten blev byen indlemmet i det nye land Tjekkoslovakiet.

Før Holocaust boede der 211 jøder i Varnsdorf.[5] Efter afslutningen af 2. verdenskrig blev hovedparten af den etniske tyske befolkning udvist til Tyskland.

I 1980 blev kommunen Studánka en del af Varnsdorf. [3]

Der bor omkring 2.500 buddhistiske vietnamesere bor i og omkring Varnsdorf. I 2008 blev det første vietnamesisk buddhistiske tempel i Tjekkiet, Thien An Buddhist Pagoda indviet i Varnsdorf.[6]

Referencer

  1. ^ Navnet er anført på engelsk og stammer fra Wikidata hvor navnet endnu ikke findes på dansk.
  2. ^ www.varnsdorf.cz, hentet 6. november 2023 (fra Wikidata).
  3. ^ a b c "Historie v datech" (tjekkisk). Město Varnsdorf. Hentet 14. juli 2021.
  4. ^ Mommsen, Hans; Kováč, Dušan (2001). "Im Widerstreit der Selbstbestimmungsansprüche: vom Habsburgerstaat zur Tschechoslowakei–die Deutschen der böhmischen Länder 1918 bis 1919". Der Erste Weltkrieg und die Beziehungen zwischen Tschechen, Slowaken und Deutschen (tysk). Klartext. s. 201. ISBN 3-88474-951-X.
  5. ^ "Varnsdorf: Decin, Bohemia". International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies. Hentet 10. august 2022.
  6. ^ "Czech Republic first Buddhist temple opens". Buddhist Channel. 6. februar 2008.

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