Jordskælvet i San Francisco 1906

Jordskælvet i San Francisco 1906

Jordskælvet i San Francisco 1906 Redding San Diego Solvang Stockton Los Angeles Jordskælvet i San Francisco 1906
Mange brande brød ud efter jordskælvet. Her i Mission Street
Dato	18 april 1906
Tid	05:12 lokal tid
Varighed	80 sekunder
Dybde	8 km
Epicenter	3 km V for San Francisco 37°45′0″N 122°33′0″V
Lande og områder berørt	USA San Francisco Bugt området
Maks. intensitet	7,8 Mw
Døde	3.000 +

Jordskælvet i San Francisco 1906 var et større jordskælv som ramte San Francisco, Californien og kysten af det nordlige Californien klokken 5:12 onsdag den 18. april 1906.^[1] Det mest alment accepterede estimat for størrelsen af jordskælvet er 7,8 M_w, men andre tal er foreslået, fra 7,7 og helt op til 8,25.^[2]

Epicenteret for hovedskælvet lå omkring 3 kilometer uden for kysten. Det bevægede sig langs San Andreas-forkastningen, både mod nord og mod syd i en samlet længde af 477 km.^[3] Rystelserne kunne mærkes fra Oregon til Los Angeles, og inde i landet så langt væk som til det centrale Nevada.

Jordskælvet og de følgende brande huskes som en af de værste naturkatastrofer i De Forenede Staters historie. Dødstallet for jordskælvet og de efterfølgende brande antages at være over 3.000^[4] og repræsenterer det største tab af menneskeliv i Californiens historie.

Det økonomiske tab er blevet sammenlignet med den senere Katrina-orkankatastrofe.^[5]

San Andreas-forkastningen og ødelæggelserne i Stockton Street San Andreas-forkastningen Stockton Street set fra Union Square, i retning mod Market Street

Panorama af San Francisco i ruiner Panorama af San Francisco i ruiner, set fra Lawrence Stationære Luftskib, 610 m over San Francisco Bugten med udsigt over havnefronten. Solnedgang over Golden Gate. Maj 1906 af George R. Lawrence

Se også

• Loma Prieta-jordskælvet (1989)

Referencer

1. USGS – The Great 1906 San Francisco Earthquake
2. 1906 Earthquake: What was the magnitude? Arkiveret 26. september 2006 hos Wayback MachineUSGS Earthquake Hazards Program – Northern California, Accessed September 3, 2006
3. 1906 Earthquake: How long was the 1906 Crack? Arkiveret 6. oktober 2008 hos Wayback MachineUSGS Earthquake Hazards Program – Northern California, Accessed September 3, 2006
4. Timeline of the San Francisco Earthquake April 18 – 23, 1906 Arkiveret 3. marts 2016 hos Wayback Machine, The Virtual Museum of the City of San Francisco
5. John A. Kilpatrick and Sofia Dermisi, Aftermath of Katrina: Recommendations for Real Estate Research, Journal of Real Estate Literature, Spring, 2007

Henvisninger

• Double Cone Quarterly, Fall Equinox, volume VII, Number 3 (2004).
• Eastwood, Alice, The Coniferae of the Santa Lucia Mountains.
• Lawson, Andrew C., The California Earthquake of April 18, 1906. Report of the State Earthquake Investigation Commission, Carnegie Institution of Washington, available online at this USGS webpage.
• Morris, Charles. The San Francisco Calamity by Earthquake and fire. World Bible House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1906.
• Reid, H. F., The Mechanics of the Earthquake, Vol. 2 in The California Earthquake of April 18, 1906. Report of the State Investigation Commission, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1910.
• Winchester, Simon, A Crack in the Edge of the World: America and the Great California Earthquake of 1906. HarperCollins Publishers, New York, 2005.

Eksterne henvisninger

• Wikimedia Commons har flere filer relateret til Jordskælvet i San Francisco 1906
• The 1906 Earthquake and Fire from the National Archives
• San Francisco's 1906 Quake: What If It Struck Today? nationalgeographic.com, April 13, 2006
• A geologic tour of the San Francisco earthquake, 100 years later from American Geological Institute
• San Francisco Earthquake Arkiveret 22. juli 2012 hos Wayback Machine Flash website with information for students.
• The Great 1906 Earthquake and Fire from the Museum of the City of San Francisco website
• Looking Back at the Public's Health Arkiveret 11. oktober 2007 hos Wayback Machine, from the San Francisco Department of Public Health's website
• The Great 1906 Earthquake and Fire Arkiveret 14. april 2008 hos Wayback Machine Browse images from the San Francisco Public Library's Historical Photograph Collection
• The San Francisco Chronicle's special report on the earthquake. Arkiveret 17. april 2008 hos Wayback Machine
• The Great 1906 Earthquake and Fire Arkiveret 27. august 2011 hos Wayback Machine from the Bancroft Library, includes interactive maps and panoramas.
• 1906 San Francisco Quake Arkiveret 3. februar 2006 hos Wayback Machine and Intensity Maps for that earthquake, from the U.S. Geological Survey site
• Several videos of the aftermath, from the Internet Archive website
• San Francisco in Ruins Arkiveret 7. februar 2006 hos Wayback Machine, Aerial Photographs of George R. Lawrence, reprinted from Landscape, Vol. 30, No. 2
• The San Francisco Horror, a book published weeks after the event
• JB Monaco Photography, Images of the 1906 SF Earthquake from the well-known North Beach photographer
• Edith Irvine Collection: Photographs of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake
• Collection of 1906 Earthquake photography Arkiveret 14. oktober 2007 hos Wayback Machine
• USGS 1906 Ground Motion Simulations
  • Simulation of Mercalli Scale ground motion presented as a 75 second animation (Low-Res Quicktime)
  • Simulation of Mercalli Scale ground motion presented as a 75 second animation (High-Res Quicktime)
• The San Francisco earthquake in Leslie's Weekly
• Report on the destruction of the Mark Hopkins institute of art in the earthquake Arkiveret 30. august 2006 hos Wayback Machine
• Herbert Hamrol, 104, one of the last survivors of 1906 earthquake
• What happened to the Chinese and Chinatown in the 1906 earthquake, by Ralph Henn Arkiveret 22. januar 2009 hos Wayback Machine
• Bancroft Library, Collection of Photographs and Newspaper Documents showing the destruction of Santa Rosa in the earthquake.
• SMU's Sulphur Springs Collection of Pre-Nickelodeon Films contains nine Pre-Nickelodeon movies, including seven Edison films depicting the aftermath of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.

37°45′N 122°33′V