Antigonos I Monophthalmos

Antigonos I Monophthalmos
Ganwyd382 CC Edit this on Wikidata
Elimiotis Edit this on Wikidata
Bu farwIpsos Edit this on Wikidata
DinasyddiaethMacedon Edit this on Wikidata
Galwedigaetharweinydd milwrol, person milwrol Edit this on Wikidata
Swyddstrategos Edit this on Wikidata
TadPhilippus Edit this on Wikidata
Mammother of Antigonus Monophtalmus Edit this on Wikidata
PriodStratonice Edit this on Wikidata
PartnerDemo Edit this on Wikidata
PlantDemetrius Poliorcetes, Philip Edit this on Wikidata
LlinachAntigonid dynasty Edit this on Wikidata

Cadfridog Macedonaidd dan Alecsander Fawr ac ddiweddarach sylfaenydd brenhinllin yr Antigoniaid oedd Antigonos I Monophthalmos (Hen Roeg: Ἀντίγονος ὁ Μονόφθαλμος neu Μονοφθαλμός, "Antigonos yr Unllygeidiog") (382 CC - 301 CC). Roedd yn fab i Philip o Elimeia. Apwyntiwyd ef yn rhaglaw Phrygia Fwyaf yn 333 CC, ac wedi marwolaeth Alecsander yn 323 CC, derbyniodd Pamphylia a Lycia gan Perdiccas, oedd yng ngofal yr ymerodraeth. Daeth Perdiccas yn elyn iddo pan wrthododd gynorthwyo Eumenes i feddiannu'r rhannau o'r ymerodraeth oedd wedi eu rhoi iddo ef, a bu raid i Antigonos a'i fab Demetrius ffoi i Wlad Groeg, lle'r enillodd ffafr Antipater, rheolwr Macedonia.

Cymerodd ran amlwg yn y brwydro rhwng y Diadochi, olynwyr Alecsander, a ddilynodd, ac enillodd ddwy frwydr fawr yn erbyn Eumenes, yn Paraitacene yn 317 CC a Gabiene yn 316 CC. Llwyddodd i gipio trysorau Susa a meddiannodd Babylon, gan orfodi Seleucus I Nicator i ffoi. Wedi llawer o frwydro, gwnaed heddwch yn 311 CC, gydag Antigonos yn cael rheolaeth ar Asia Leiaf a Syria, ond yn fuan bu ymladd eto.

Llwyddodd Demetrius i orchfygu llynges Ptolemi I Soter ym Mrwydr Salamis ger arfordir Cyprus yn 306 CC, gan gipio'r ynys. Cyhoeddodd Antigonos ei hun yn frenin, gan wneud Demetrius yn gyd-frenin. Ymosododd ar yr Aifft, ond llwyddiodd Ptolemi i amddiffyn y ffin yn ei erbyn.

Gorchfygwyd Antigonos a Demetrius gan fyddinoedd unedig Seleucus a Lysimachus ym Mrwydr Ipsus yn 301 CC. Lladdwyd Antigonos, oedd yn 80 oed, yn y frwydr, a rhannwyd ei deyrnas rhwng Lysimachus a Seleucus. Llwyddodd Demetrius i'w wneud ei hun yn frenin Macedonia yn ddiweddarach.

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