Noc mostů

Zničený železniční most přes Jarmuk
Památník padlým během Noci mostů u Achzivu

Noc mostů (hebrejsky: ליל הגשרים, Lejl ha-Gešrim, též nazýváno מבצע מרכולת, Mivca Markolet – Operace Markolet) byla vojenská akce provedená v mandátní Palestině na jaře 1946 židovskými jednotkami Palmach.

Operace měla za cíl zničit 11 silničních a železničních mostů, které spojovaly mandátní Palestinu s okolními zeměmi. Tím měly být podkopány zásobovací trasy britské armády, která se po roce 1945 dostávala do konfliktu s palestinskými Židy. Akce proběhla v noci z 16. na 17. června 1946. Jednotkám Palmach se podařilo poškodit 10 mostů. Pouze v jednom případě došlo k ozbrojené konfrontaci s Brity, a to na mostě přes vodní tok Nachal Kaziv nedaleko dnešního národního parku Achziv, severně od města Naharija. U Achzivu zemřelo 14 členů jednotek Palmach a most se zničit nepodařilo.[1] Padl zde i Jechi'am Weitz, syn sionistického předáka Josefa Weitze.[2]

Zničen byl například železniční most přes řeku Jarmuk nedaleko Chamat Gader, který spojoval Palestinu se Sýrií[3] nebo most Bnot Ja'akov vedoucí z údolí řeky Jordán na Golanské výšiny. Komandům se podařilo poškodit i Allenbyho most u Jericha.[4]

18. června 1946 akce židovského protibritského odboje pokračovaly útokem jednotek Lechi na železniční stanici v Haifě a únosem pěti britských důstojníků. Britské úřady pak 29. června 1946 provedly masivní razii, zatýkání a internaci špiček židovské komunity v Palestině známou jako Černá sobota.[5]

Odkazy

Reference

  1. ↑ NAOR, Mordecai. The 20th Century in Eretz Israel. Kolín n.Rýnem: Könemann, 1998. Dostupné online. ISBN 3-89508-595-2. S. 258. (anglicky) Dále jen: The 20th Century in Eretz Israel. 
  2. ↑ יחיעם [online]. bet-alon.co.il [cit. 2010-03-19]. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném dne 2010-01-14. (hebrejsky) 
  3. ↑ The 20th Century in Eretz Israel. s.248
  4. ↑ Jordan River [online]. Izraelská správa letišť [cit. 2010-09-28]. Dostupné online. (anglicky) 
  5. ↑ The 20th Century in Eretz Israel. s.246

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