Tengrianisme

Infotaula d'organitzacióTengrianisme

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Tengri escrit de dreta a esquerra en runes turqueses

El tengrianisme o tengrisme és una religió tradicional de pobles xiongnu, turquesos, mongols, hongaresos i búlgars de temps antics, abans que es convertissin a les religions de les societats sedentàries a les quals envaïen, s'aliaven o barrejaven, malgrat incorporar elements de xamanisme, animisme, totemisme i culte als avantpassats.[1] És considerat com un nucli religiós del desenvolupament de la civilització eurasiàtica en el passat.[2]

Aquesta religió es basa, de manera principal, en la creença en el Déu Cel (Tengri o Tangri, Tanrı, Tangra), i Eix, la Mare Terra. En aquesta religió, de caràcter dispers, no hi ha sacerdots ni clergues, i tampoc hi ha una dimensió d'estendre la creença a altres persones o pobles.[1]

En aquesta religió no existeix el concepte de buit, no-ser o no-existència com a característica ontològica del món. En ella el món va ser creat pel Cel sobre la base de quatre elements eterns: la terra, l'aigua, el foc i l'aire.[3] Se centra en mantenir l'harmonia amb l'entorn circumdant, per la qual cosa s'acaba considerant sagrats els recursos de la Terra, en particular l'aigua (potser per ser molt escassa en les estepes de l'Àsia central, on es concentrava gran part d'aquesta religió).[1]

El món en el tengrisme està obert al Cosmos (el Gran Cel Blau), considerat com una font o existència transcendent, que es relaciona directament amb la creació del món. El món és considerat com a etern, pensat perquè es creï a cada moment important, com a actes de la primera creació d'Univers, principi d'un any o un dia o del naixement d'un ésser humà.[3]

Encara que es creu que encara hi ha seguidors del tengrianisme en algunes parts d'Àsia, no s'ha pogut estimar el seu nombre amb exactitud.[1]

Referències

  1. 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 «CIVILOPEDIA Online: Tengrianismo» (en espanyol europeu). [Consulta: 1r juny 2017].
  2. Fedorova, L.V. Eurazianism: striving for the oldest or a new religiosity of universal ideas (en anglès). Yakursk. 
  3. 3,0 3,1 Anzhiganova, Larisa «Ethno-confessional neotraditionalism in a globalized world: Search for basis or identification». Revista de Humanidades, n.30, p. 141-154, 2017. Arxivat de l'original el 2020-06-09. ISSN: 1130-5029 [Consulta: 1r juny 2017].

Bibliografia

  • Brent, Peter. The Mongol Empire: Genghis Khan: His Triumph and his Legacy. Book Club Associates, London. 1976.
  • Bruno J. Richtsfeld: Rezente ostmongolische Schöpfungs-, Ursprungs- und Weltkatastrophenerzählungen und ihre innerasiatischen Motiv- und Sujetparallelen; in: Münchner Beiträge zur Völkerkunde. Jahrbuch des Staatlichen Museums für Völkerkunde München 9 (2004), S. 225–274.

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