Rebeca Gerschman

Plantilla:Infotaula personaRebeca Gerschman
Biografia
Naixement(es) Rebeca Gerschman Pellman Modifica el valor a Wikidata
19 juny 1903 Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Carlos Casares (Argentina) Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Mort4 abril 1986 Modifica el valor a Wikidata (82 anys)
Buenos Aires (Argentina) Modifica el valor a Wikidata
FormacióUniversitat de Buenos Aires Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Activitat
Ocupacióbioquímica, fisiòloga, farmacèutica Modifica el valor a Wikidata

Rebeca Gerschman (Carlos Casares, 1903 – Buenos Aires, 1986) va ser una fisiòloga i biòloga argentina. Va postular la teoria Gerschman sobre la toxicitat de l'oxigen mitjançant radicals lliures, revolucionant l'ambient científic de l'època.[1]

Carrera científica

Es va graduar com a bioquímica i farmacèutica a la Universitat de Buenos Aires.[1] Va començar a treballar a l'institut Houssay i hi va doctorar amb una tesi sobre el potassi plasmàtic el 1939; la tesi va donar lloc al mètode Gerschman-Marenzi per poder mesurar el potassi en sang.

Després de la fi de la segona Guerra Mundial, Rebeca realitzà una especialització a Rochester, Nova York. Va postular la seva tesi sobre la incidència de l'oxigen en certes malalties i en l'envelliment, que es coneixeria com la teoria Gerschman.[2] La teoria no va ser totalment ben acollida fins que el 1969 Joseph McCord i Fridovich descobreixen l'enzim superòxid dismutasa.[3] La teorització de Rebeca va ser fonamental per entendre les actuals teories sobre els radicals lliures i els antioxidants.

La seva càtedra de fisiologia a la Universitat de Buenos Aires va destacar per l'ús de mètodes no convencionals de docència de l'època com convidar personalitats destacades de l'àmbit i fer ús del cinema científic.[3]

Honors

  • Premi Rebeca Gerschman

Referències

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Ruiz-Larrea, Maria Begoña. «Rebeca Gerschman: una bioquímica argentina adelantada a su tiempo | Vidas científicas» (en castellà). Mujeres con Ciencia, 05-12-2017. [Consulta: 12 agost 2019].
  2. ↑ Gutteridge, John M.C.; Halliwell, Barry «Free Radicals and Antioxidants in the Year 2000: A Historical Look to the Future» (en anglès). Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 899, 1, 25-01-2006, pàg. 136–147. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06182.x. «Daniel Gilbert, Rebeca Gerschman and their colleagues related the toxic effects of elevated oxygen levels on aerobes to those of ionizing radiation, and proposed that oxygen toxicity is due to free radical formation, in a pioneering paper in 1956.»
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 Yubero, Florián «Científica argentina que descubrio una de las causas del envejecimiento». La Nave Va, 29-05-2010.

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