Fluorur d'argent(I)

Infotaula de compost químicFluorur d'argent(I)

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Substància químicatipus d'entitat química Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Massa molecular125,903 Da Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Estructura química
Fórmula químicaAgF Modifica el valor a Wikidata
SMILES canònic
Model 2D
F[Ag] Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Identificador InChIModel 3D Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Cristal·lografia
Sistema cristal·lísistema cristal·lí cúbic Modifica el valor a Wikidata
NFPA 704: Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response () Modifica el valor a Wikidata

El fluorur d'argent(I) és un compost iònic constituït per cations argent(1+), i anions fluorur, , de fórmula . És un compost de color ocre emprat en el tractament de càries.

Estructura i propietats

El fluorur d'argent cristal·litza en el sistema cúbic, en estructura cúbica simple o de clorur de sodi.

És un compost higroscòpic, molt soluble en aigua, 1800 g/l a 25 °C, la qual cosa el diferencia dels altres halurs d'argent que són insolubles. És poc sensible a la llum a diferència de la resta d'halurs d'argent. Ennegreix molt lentament quan s'exposa a la llum degut a la reducció dels cations argent(1+) a argent metàl·lic.[1]

Preparació

El fluorur d'argent pot preparar-se dissolen òxid d'argent(I), , en una dissolució d'àcid fluorhídric, :

L'evaporació d'aquestes dissolucions condueix a la formació de cristalls molt solubles de l'hidrat fluorur d'argent(I) —aigua(1/1), , que pot deshidratar-se per escalfament a més de 40 °C.

Aplicacions

Avanç d'una càries dental

El fluorur d'argent(II) s'empra en odontologia en el tractament de càries dentals. En forma de nanopartícules, quan s'aplica una vegada a l'any, té la capacitat d'evitar noves càries i detectar les càries existents amb una alta taxa d'èxit. És una substància segura per a ser usada en humans i té excel·lents propietats antimicrobianes contra els Mutans streptococci i Lactobacilli, els patògens primaris responsables del desenvolupament de la càries dental.[2]

En síntesi orgànica s'empra el fluorur d'argent(I) com a catalitzador en diferents tipus de reaccions i per a substituir altres halògens per fluor:[3]

Substitució d'un clor per un fluor emprant AgF

Referències

  1. Ash, Michael. Handbook of Preservatives (en anglès). Synapse Info Resources, 2004. ISBN 9781890595661. 
  2. dos Santos, Valdeci Elias; Filho, Arnoldo Vasconcelos; Ribeiro Targino, Andrea Gadelha; Pelagio Flores, Miguel Angel; Galembeck, André «A New “Silver-Bullet” to treat caries in children – Nano Silver Fluoride: A randomised clinical trial». Journal of Dentistry, 42, 8, 01-08-2014, pàg. 945–951. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.05.017.
  3. Busse, Juliette K.; Stoner, Eric J. Silver(I) Fluoride (en anglès). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2001. DOI 10.1002/047084289x.rs016/abstract;jsessionid=9b74bde11eb7f9c06c56b48af362dbb2.f02t02. ISBN 9780470842898. 

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