Вянява (герб)

Герб «Вянява»

«Вяня́ва» (польск.: Wieniawa) — прыватнаўласніцкі герб, вядомы з пачатку XIV стагоддзя. Гербам карысталіся каля 80 родаў Беларусі, Украіны, Літвы і Польшчы, у т.л. Белазоры, Длугашы, Ляшчынскія, Мэнжыкі. У час знаходжання на троне Станіслава Ляшчынскага (1704—1709, 1733) герб «Вянява» выкарыстоўваўся як элемент у дзяржаўнай сімволіцы Рэчы Паспалітай.

Паходжанне

Пра ўзнікненне гэтага герба ў Польшчы дакладных звестак няма. Лічыцца, што ён прывезены ў польскія землі з Германіі або Венгрыі. Паводле іншых звестак, род Вяняваў (ród Wieniawów) прыбыў у Польшчу разам з чэшскай князёўнай Дамброўкай (Dąbrówką), якая стала жонкай польскага караля Мешкі I, што адносіць яго да 1027 г. Першыя дакладная згадкі пра герб датуюцца 1382 г.

Існуе легенда пра з’яўленне «Вянявы», паводле якой падчас палявання князь Маравіі апынуўся перад пагрозай быць паднятым зубрам на рогі. Адзін з яго спадарожнікаў, рыцар Ластак (Łastek), схапіў зубра за рогі і адцягнуў яго ў бок ад князя, затым скарыстаўшыся дубцом з маладога дуба ў якасці насавога кольца, павёў зубра назад да князя, але той выкрыкнуў па-мараўску «Wien haw» («Падыдзі адзін»). Пазней, калі зубра перадалі ў рукі аднаго з прыдворных, бык вырваўся на волю, пасля чаго Ластак забіў яго мячом. Князь узнагародзіў Ластака маёнткам і дараваў герб «Wien haw», які стаў «Вянявай».

Апісанне

У залатым полі чорная галава зубра з залатым кальцом у ноздрах; клейнод — над прылбіцай з каронай палова залатога каранаванага льва з мячом у правай лапе.

Літаратура

Спасылкі

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