Entering the navy early in his life, Taylor served as a midshipman on Cook'sthird voyage of discovery. He was promoted shortly after his return to England and commanded ships during the American War of Independence. In common with other officers, he struggled to find employment during the years of peace, but was given a ship to command for a few years in 1788. He was on bad terms with his lieutenant however, and a court-martial ensued. Taylor returned to an active career on the outbreak of the French Revolutionary Wars, still commanding small ships and escorting trade. Promoted to post captain in 1793, he moved to command several frigates in British waters, or as far afield as North America. His later service was on the African coast, where he took part in the capture of Gorée in 1801, and in the Caribbean.
He does not appear to have held any seagoing commands during the Napoleonic Wars, but continued to be promoted, rising to flag rank in 1811. He eventually reached the rank of admiral of the red before his death in 1842. He was by this time the last surviving officer from Cook's third voyage.
Taylor was born in 1760 and entered the navy at an early age. By 1776 he was a midshipman, and joined Captain James Cook's third voyage of discovery, serving aboard HMS Resolution.[1][2][3] He returned with the expedition after Cook's death, and on 28 October 1780 was promoted to lieutenant. The American War of Independence having broken out by now, he saw further service and was soon promoted to commander, on 21 January 1783, and was given command of the brig-sloopHMS Pelican.[1][2][4] He also appears to have commissioned the brig-sloop HMS Falcon in May 1783, but if so, the command was short-lived, and she was under another commander by 1784.[5] Taylor instead took command of the 14-gun HMS Cygnet towards the end of the war with America, and remained in command after the peace, until 1786.[2][6]
Taylor then seems to have spent some time without a ship, before commissioning the 14-gun sloopHMS Thorn in January 1788.[2][7] His command of Thorn was notable for a court-martial Taylor brought against his lieutenant, a man named Thackeray. Among other charges, Thackeray was alleged to have gone to Taylor, while he was alone in his cabin, and to have called him a "scoundrel" and a "liar".[8] The offence being given in private, the court had only Taylor's word that it was true, creating a brief legal quandary over whether Taylor, who as usual in courts-martial, was acting as the prosecutor, could give evidence on his own behalf, and together with the accused. After some deliberation, Taylor was allowed to give his evidence, as criminal trials such as courts-martial, were adjudged to be on behalf of the Crown, unlike civil prosecutions.[8] Thackeray was subsequently stripped of his rank and reduced to a midshipman.[8] Taylor served in command of Thorn off Shetland until 1790, and paid her off after the period of the Spanish armament had passed.[2][7]
Taylor was given command of the 48-gun HMS Magnanime in spring 1799, succeeding Captain The Hon. Michael de Courcy, and commanded her on African coast.[2][13] He took part in the capture of Gorée from the French in April 1801, while cruising with a squadron under the command of Captain Sir Charles Hamilton. Hamilton, in command of the 44-gun HMS Melpomene had received intelligence that there were three French frigates at anchor there.[14] Hamilton sailed to investigate, taking with him Taylor in Magnanime, and Captain Solomon Ferris, in command of the 64-gun HMS Ruby. The frigates were not there, so Hamilton summoned the governor and ordered him to surrender. The governor agreed, and Hamilton and his force took possession on 5 April.[14][15] Taylor was later in the Leeward Islands, where he remained for the rest of the French Revolutionary Wars.[10]
Family and later life
Taylor does not appear to have commanded any further ships during his career, but he continued to be promoted, being advanced to rear-admiral on 1 August 1811, vice-admiral on 12 August 1819 and admiral in 1830.[9] He settled at Greenwich with his wife Isabella and had at least one daughter, Grace, who married William Padwick, squire of Hayling Island, in 1814.[16][17] In 1846 Rear Admiral David Price was married on Elizabeth Taylor, daughter of Admiral. William Taylor reached the rank of Admiral of the Red before his death on 19 July 1842 at his residence at Maze Hill, Greenwich, at the age of 82.[2][10] He was by this time the last surviving officer from Cook's third voyage.[2][10][18]
Notes
a.^Zefir was brought into the service as HMS Eurus, and spent some time as a frigate before being reduced to a storeship. She was broken up in 1834.[19]
Dodd, Charles R. (1843). The Annual Biography: Being Lives of Eminent Or Remarkable Persons who Have Died Within the Year MDCCCXLII. London: Chapman and Hall.
Marshall, John (1823). Royal Naval Biography : Or, Memoirs of the Services of All the Flag-officers, Superannuated Rear-admirals, Retired-captains, Post-captains, and Commanders, Whose Names Appeared on the Admiralty List of Sea Officers at the Commencement of the Present Year, Or who Have Since Been Promoted, Illustrated by a Series of Historical and Explanatory Notes with Copious Addenda. Vol. 1. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown.
Schomberg, Isaac (1802). Naval Chronology, Or an Historical Summary of Naval and Maritime Events from the Time of the Romans, to the Treaty of Peace 1802. Vol. 1. London: T. Egerton.
Winfield, Rif (2007). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1714–1792: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. London: Seaforth. ISBN978-1-84415-700-6.
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