Uttlesford

Uttlesford District
Non-metropolitan district
Saffron Walden, the administrative centre of the district
Uttlesford shown within Essex
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Constituent country	England
Region	East of England
Non-metropolitan county	Essex
Status	Non-metropolitan district
Admin HQ	Saffron Walden
Incorporated	1 April 1974
Government
• Type	Non-metropolitan district council
• Body	Uttlesford District Council
• Leadership	Alternative - Sec. 31 (Independent)
• MPs	Kemi Badenoch
Area
• Total	247.56 sq mi (641.18 km^2)
• Rank	54th (of 296)
Population  (2022)
• Total	92,578
• Rank	259th (of 296)
• Density	370/sq mi (140/km^2)
Ethnicity (2021) [1]
• Ethnic groups	List 94.5% White 2.2% Mixed 1.9% Asian 0.8% Black 0.7% other
Religion (2021) [1]
• Religion	List 50.2% Christianity 41.5% no religion 7.6% other 0.7% Islam
Time zone	UTC0 (GMT)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+1 (BST)
ONS code	22UQ (ONS) E07000077 (GSS)
OS grid reference	TL541387

Uttlesford is a local government district in Essex, England. Its council is based in the town of Saffron Walden. The district also includes the town of Great Dunmow and numerous villages, including Stansted Mountfitchet, Takeley, Elsenham, Thaxted, and Newport. The district covers a largely rural area in the north-west of Essex. London Stansted Airport lies within the district.

The neighbouring districts are Braintree, Chelmsford, Epping Forest, East Hertfordshire, North Hertfordshire and South Cambridgeshire.

History

The district was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 as one of 14 districts within Essex. The new district covered the area of three former districts, which were all abolished at the same time:^[2]

• Dunmow Rural District
• Saffron Walden Municipal Borough
• Saffron Walden Rural District

The new district was named after the ancient hundred of Uttlesford, which had covered much of the area.^[3]

The hundred had been named after a ford on the London Road (now the B1383, formerly the A11) at Wendens Ambo, since replaced by a bridge. The ford appears to derive its name from "Udel's ford". The stream at the ford is sometimes informally called the River Uttle as a back-formation from the name of the ford.^[4][5][6]

Hundreds gradually lost their functions to other bodies from the seventeenth century onwards, with their final administrative function ceasing in 1886. The name Uttlesford continued to have occasional use in the area between then and 1974, such as the Uttlesford Orchestra, founded in 1956, which played in and around Saffron Walden.^[7]

Governance

Uttlesford District Council
Type
Type	Non-metropolitan district
History
Founded	1 April 1974
Leadership
Chair	Martin Foley, R4U since 21 May 2024[8]
Leader	Petrina Lees, R4U since 7 December 2021
Chief Executive	Peter Holt since October 2021[9]
Structure
Seats	39 councillors
Political groups	Administration (22)   R4U (22) Opposition (17)   Conservative (11)   Liberal Democrats (4)   Independent (2)
Length of term	Whole council elected every four years
Elections
Last election	4 May 2023
Next election	2027
Meeting place
Council Offices, London Road, Saffron Walden, CB11 4ER
Website
www.uttlesford.gov.uk

Uttlesford District Council provides district-level services. County-level services are provided by Essex County Council. The whole district is also covered by civil parishes, which form a third tier of local government.^[10]

Political control

The council has been controlled by local party Residents for Uttlesford (R4U) since the 2019 election.

The first election to the council was held in 1973, initially operating as a shadow authority alongside the outgoing authorities until the new arrangements came into effect on 1 April 1974. Political control of the council since 1974 has been as follows:^[11]

Party in control		Years
	Conservative	1974–1995
	No overall control	1995–2003
	Liberal Democrats	2003–2007
	Conservative	2007–2019
	Residents for Uttlesford	2019–present

Leadership

The leaders of the council since 1995 have been:^[12]

Councillor	Party		From	To
Alan Dean		Liberal Democrats	16 May 1995	13 May 1997
Robert Chambers		Conservative	13 May 1997	20 May 2003
Alan Dean		Liberal Democrats	20 May 2003	19 Jul 2005
Mark Gayler		Liberal Democrats	19 Jul 2005	22 May 2007
Jim Ketteridge		Conservative	22 May 2007	15 Jul 2014
Howard Rolfe		Conservative	15 Jul 2014	21 May 2019
John Lodge		Residents for Uttlesford	21 May 2019	7 Dec 2021
Petrina Lees		Residents for Uttlesford	7 Dec 2021

Composition

Following the 2023 election, the composition of the council was:^[13]

Party		Councillors
	Residents for Uttlesford	22
	Conservative	11
	Liberal Democrats	4
	Independent	2
Total		39

The next election is due in 2027.

Premises

The council is based at the Council Offices on London Road in Saffron Walden.^[14] When the council was created in 1974 it inherited offices at 46 High Street, Dunmow from the Dunmow Rural District Council, at 5 Hill Street, Saffron Walden from Saffron Walden Borough Council and at 52 Debden Road, Saffron Walden from the Saffron Walden Rural District Council. In 1988 the former Saffron Walden General Hospital on London Road closed and the site was bought by the council. The original hospital building of 1865 was renovated and a large extension built to its west to become a new headquarters for the council, which opened in May 1990.^[15]

Elections

Main article: Uttlesford District Council elections

Since the last full review of boundaries in 2015 the council has comprised 39 councillors representing 22 wards, each electing one, two or three councillors. Elections are held every four years.^[16]

Parishes

The district is entirely covered by civil parishes. The parish councils for Great Dunmow and Saffron Walden are styled "town councils". The four parishes of Chickney, Lindsell, Strethall and Wicken Bonhunt have parish meetings rather than parish councils due to their small populations. The two parishes of Elmdon and Wenden Lofts share a parish council called "Elmdon, Duddenhoe End and Wenden Lofts", and the two parishes of Great Easton and Tilty also share a grouped parish council. Great Sampford and Little Sampford share a parish council called "The Sampfords". The parishes are:^[17]

• Arkesden
• Ashdon
• Aythorpe Roding
• Barnston
• Berden
• Birchanger
• Broxted
• Chickney
• Chrishall
• Clavering
• Debden
• Elmdon
• Elsenham
• Farnham
• Felsted
• Flitch Green
• Great Canfield
• Great Chesterford
• Great Dunmow (town)
• Great Easton
• Great Hallingbury
• Great Sampford
• Hadstock
• Hatfield Broad Oak
• Hatfield Heath
• Hempstead
• Henham
• High Easter
• High Roothing
• Langley
• Leaden Roding
• Lindsell
• Little Bardfield
• Little Canfield
• Little Chesterford
• Little Dunmow
• Little Easton
• Little Hallingbury
• Little Sampford
• Littlebury
• Manuden
• Margaret Roding
• Newport
• Quendon and Rickling
• Radwinter
• Saffron Walden (town)
• Sewards End
• Stansted Mountfitchet
• Stebbing
• Strethall
• Takeley
• Thaxted
• Tilty
• Ugley
• Wenden Lofts
• Wendens Ambo
• White Roothing
• Wicken Bonhunt
• Widdington
• Wimbish

Economy

Apart from considerable agriculture, retail and office premises in towns, Uttlesford District includes London Stansted Airport, which is its largest employer. For more detailed analysis of strengths and specializations in the economy see individual settlements, for instance the article: Saffron Walden. In October 2008, the airport won a 40% increase in permitted flights under the flight cap which operates in relation to the airport, from the UK government.^[18]

Aside from countryside hotels close to and aircraft maintenance vital to Stansted Airport, airlines have also used a small adjoining business park. Titan Airways has its head office in the Enterprise House in the grounds in Stansted Mountfitchet.^[19]

Several airlines, including Buzz,^[20] AirUK (later KLM uk),^[21][22] AB Airlines,^[23] Go Fly had its head office at the Enterprise House.^[24] and Lloyd International Airways had their head offices on the property of Stansted Airport.^[25]

Media

Television

In terms of television, the area is served by BBC East and ITV Anglia broadcasting from the Sudbury^[26] and Sandy Heath transmitters.^[27] However, some southern parts of the district such as Stansted Mountfitchet and Takeley including Stansted Airport is also served by BBC London and ITV London which broadcast from the Crystal Palace transmitter.^[28]

Radio

Radio stations for the area are:

• BBC Essex
• BBC Radio Cambridgeshire
• BBC Three Counties Radio
• Heart East
• Greatest Hits Radio East
• Star Radio

Transport

Rail

The West Anglia Main Line passes through Uttlesford. There are stations at:

• Stansted Mountfitchet
• Stansted Airport
• Elsenham
• Newport (Essex)
• Audley End (for Saffron Walden)
• Great Chesterford

From all stations, there are regular services northbound towards Cambridge, operated by Greater Anglia. At certain times, trains continue towards Ely and King's Lynn. CrossCountry also operates northbound trains from Stansted Airport and Audley End to Cambridge, Peterborough, Leicester and Birmingham New Street.

From Stansted Airport, a southbound train is operated towards Bishop's Stortford, Harlow, Tottenham Hale and London Liverpool Street, operated by Greater Anglia under the Stansted Express brand. This train sometimes calls at Stansted Mountfitchet.

Greater Anglia operates southbound trains from other stations in the district to Bishop's Stortford, Harlow, Tottenham Hale and Liverpool Street. A southbound hourly fast-train also calls at Audley End, with additional services at peak times towards London from this station.^[29]

Road

Roads in the district are managed by Essex County Council, with some routes controlled by National Highways.^[30]

The M11 motorway between London and Cambridge passes through the district, with junctions at Stansted Airport (junction 8) and Stump Cross, near Saffron Walden (9). This places the district in the M11 corridor for innovation.^[31] Northbound from Stump Cross, the A11 forms part of the northern boundary of the district, carrying traffic to Newmarket and Norwich.

The A120 runs east-west through the district between Stansted Airport and Braintree, via Great Dunmow. This connects the district to Hertford, Colchester and Harwich.

Other roads in the district are B-class roads. This includes:

• the B184 - from Stump Cross to the Rodings, via Saffron Walden, Thaxted and Great Dunmow
• the B1383 - from Stump Cross to Bishop's Stortford, via Newport and Stansted Mountfitchet
• the B1008 - from Great Dunmow to the A131 towards Chelmsford

Charity Uttlesford Community Travel ^[32] provides road transport services to the residents of Uttlesford who find it difficult to access normal public transport: they support the over 60s, the disabled and those who are rurally isolated.

Air

Stansted Airport is in the district. Stansted is the fourth-busiest UK airport, with flights to over 200 destinations.^[33]

Bus & Coach

There are several bus routes which cross the district and which connect the district to neighbouring destinations,^[34] including:

• Bishop's Stortford
• Braintree
• Cambridge
• Chelmsford
• Colchester
• Harlow
• Haverhill
• The Rodings

Great Dunmow and Stansted Airport are on the First Essex and Arriva Shires & Essex networks. First bus 42A calls operates from both destinations to Chelmsford, and X10 and X30 connect Stansted Airport to Chelmsford, Basildon and Southend-on-Sea. Arriva bus 133 connects Stansted and Great Dunmow to Colchester.

Arriva Bus 510 links Stansted Mountfitchet and Stansted Airport to Bishop's Stortford and Harlow.^[35][36]

Saffron Walden is on the Stagecoach Cambridge network, served by the Citi 7, although Megarider tickets are not valid in the district.^[37]

Stansted Airport is served by National Express and Airport Bus Express coaches to destinations in London and across the UK.^[38]

Cycling

Flitch Way, a bridleway following a dismantled railway which carries NCR 16 in the district.

Several cycle routes cross the district, linking towns in the district to the National Cycle Network.

National Cycle Route 11 (NCR 11) crosses the district north-south, from Ickleton to Stansted Mountfitchet, running mostly on rural lanes. NCR 11 eventually links the district to the River Stort towpath in Bishop's Stortford (towards Harlow, NCR 1 and London). Northbound, the route continues towards Cambridge, Ely and Downham Market. A spur of the route leads into Saffron Walden, running for much of its length on a segregated cycle route.

National Cycle Route 16 runs east-west between Stansted Mountfitchet and Braintree, via Great Dunmow town centre. The route runs for much of its length on segregated cycle track converted from the course of the former Bishop's Stortford to Braintree railway, and it runs unbroken through the district, mostly parallel to the A120.

National Cycle Network 50 runs north-south between Takeley and Quendon in Uttlesford. The route ultimately runs between Quendon and Ulting (near Maldon) running entirely on country lanes.

Unique features

The district is the only British local authority (excluding parishes) to begin with the letter 'u'. The only other initial letter used by only one UK local authority is 'y' for York.^[39]

See also

• The Hundred Parishes

References

1. UK Census (2021). "2021 Census Area Profile – Uttlesford Local Authority (E07000077)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
2. "The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, SI 1972/2039, retrieved 31 May 2023
3. "The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Names) Order 1973", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, SI 1973/551, retrieved 31 May 2023
4. Samuel Lewis (1848). "A Topographical Dictionary of England". Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
5. Open Domesday: Hundred of Uttlesford. Accessed 6 January 2022.
6. "Meaning of Parish Names Villages in NW Essex".
7. "History of the Society – Saffron Walden Symphony Orchestra".
8. Ryder, Hollie (3 June 2024). "New Uttlesford District Council chair Martin Foley returns to the role after three years and champions Uttlesford Foodbank". Bishop's Stortford Independent. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
9. Dunderdale, Louise (14 September 2021). "Peter Holt is appointed as the new district council chief executive". Saffron Walden Reporter. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
10. "Local Government Act 1972", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, 1972 c. 70, retrieved 31 May 2023
11. "Compositions calculator". The Elections Centre. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
12. "Council minutes". Uttlesford District Council. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
13. "Local elections 2023: live council results for England". The Guardian.
14. "Contact us". Uttlesford District Council. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
15. "Bright new future for old town hospital". Saffron Walden Weekly News. 3 May 1990. p. 29. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
16. "The Uttlesford (Electoral Changes) Order 2014", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, SI 2014/1334, retrieved 12 June 2023
17. "Town and parish councils". Uttlesford District Council. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
18. "London airports given green light to expand". The Times. 9 October 2008. Retrieved 11 August 2015.
19. "Contact Us". Titan Airways. Retrieved 11 August 2015.
20. "Contact Us." Buzz. Retrieved on 2 September 2009.
21. "Home-page." [sic] AirUK. Retrieved on 28 February 2010.
22. "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 18–24 March 1998. 82.
23. An Introduction to AB Airlines AB Airlines article 30 January 1998. Retrieved on 7 February 2011. "AB Airlines - Internet Enquiry Office Enterprise House, Stansted Airport Essex. CM24 1QW"
24. "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 27 March-2 April 2001. 77. ibid. however postcode: CM241SB
25. "World Airline Directory." Flight International later "Lloyd International Airways" were established at Lloyd House, Stansted from 10 April 1969. 580. "Head Office: Lloyd House, First Avenue, Stansted Airport, Essex."
26. "Full Freeview on the Sudbury (Suffolk, England) transmitter". May 2004.
27. "Sandy Heath (Central Bedfordshire, England) Full Freeview transmitter". May 2004.
28. "Crystal Palace (Greater London, England) Full Freeview transmitter". May 2004.
29. "London & the South East Rail Services" (PDF). National Rail. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 April 2019.
30. "Highways Information Map | Essex County Council". essexhighways.org. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
31. "The UK's Innovation Corridor | About". The UK's Innovation Corridor. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019.
32. "Uttlesford Community Travel | Uttlesford Community Travel". uttlesfordcommunitytravel.org. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
33. "Facts and figures". London Stansted Airport. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
34. "Essex Bus | Bus Routes and Timetables". Essex Bus. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019.
35. "First Essex | Chelmsford Network Map" (PDF). First Bus.
36. "Arriva | Our services in Bishop's Stortford & Stansted" (PDF). Arriva Bus. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 April 2019.
37. "Cambridge out of town links" (PDF). Stagecoach Bus. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 April 2019.
38. "Coach and Bus Services at London Stansted". London Stansted Airport. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
39. "In Depth | UK House Prices | Uttlesford". BBC News. 21 October 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2015.

External links

• Saffron Walden Conservatives
• Residents for Uttlesford
• Saffron Walden Liberal Democrats
• Uttlesford District Council

Media related to Uttlesford at Wikimedia Commons

52.0190°N 0.2367°E / 52.0190; 0.2367