Uqayribat

Uqayribat عقيربات Oqeirbat, Aqayrbat
Town
Uqayribat Location in Syria
Coordinates: 35.043050°N 37.465696°E / 35.043050; 37.465696
Country	Syria
Governorate	Hama
District	Salamiyah
Subdistrict	Uqayribat
Founded	1900
Population  (2004)
• Total	2,745
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)
City Qrya Pcode	C3315

Uqayribat (Arabic: عقيربات ALA-LC: ʿUqayribāt) also spelled Oqeirbat, Uzeiribat, ′Aqayrbat, ′Agareb, Aaqerbate, Occariba or Occaraba is a Syrian town in the Uqayribat Subdistrict of the Salamiyah District in Hama Governorate. It is situated at the western foot of Jabal Bal'as and along the route connecting Palmyra (Tadmur) to the southeast with Salamiyah to the west.^[1] According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), ′Uqayribat had a population of 2,745 in the 2004 census.^[2]

History

Uqayribat is identified as the site of the Roman-era town of Occaraba, listed on the Peutinger Table.^[3] In the Notitia Dignitatum, a Roman document, Occaraba is mentioned as a garrison of the equites promoti Illyriciani legion.^[4] The Czech explorer Alois Musil did not locate any Roman remains in the village during his early 20th-century expedition in the region.^[4]

According to the 9th-century Persian geographer, Ibn Khordazbeh, during the Abbasid era, Uqayribat was one of the administrative subdistricts of Homs, along with al-Qastal, Salamiyah and Zumayn, all of which were part of the larger district of Jund Hims.^[4] It remained an administrative subdistrict of Homs by the 13th century as well.^[4]

In 1900, the modern-day village of Uqayribat was founded by a group of farmers who migrated 100 kilometers northwest from their hometown of Palmyra to cultivate and settle the place.^[5] The settlement was built on a small elevation.^[4] The Ottomans, who ruled Syria between 1517 and 1917, established a gendarme post at the new settlement.^[5] Uqayribat soon after became the center of the surrounding region, which too was developing agriculturally and which was increasingly settled by formerly nomadic Bedouin tribesmen throughout the early 20th century.^[5] In 1908, Musil noted that the village and its agriculturally productive vicinity belonged to the Arab sheikh of Palmyra.^[4]

During the Syrian Civil War, ISIS captured the town from the Syrian Armed Forces in 2014. On 3 September 2017 the town was regained by the Syrian Arab Army. However, on 9 September 2017, the army lost large parts of the town.^[6] On 15 September 2017, the Syrian army recaptured the town Uqayribat after the huge counter-attack and the heavy air raids of the Russian aircraft and helicopters.^[7] Many civilian casualties occurred.^[8]

In 2018, a large mosaic was discovered in Uqayribat which belongs to an early Byzantine church.^[9]

References

1. Geyer, Bernard (2001). Conquête de la steppe et appropriation des terres sur les marges arides du Croissant fertile (in French). Maison de l'Orient méditerranéen. p. 104. ISBN 9782903264789.
2. "General Census of Population 2004". Retrieved 2014-07-10.
3. Oriental Explorations and Studies. American Geographical Society. 1928. p. 244.
4. Musil, Alois (1928). Palmyrena: A Topographical Itinerary. New York: Czech Academy of Sciences and Arts. pp. 48–50.
5. Lewis, Norman (2000). "The Syrian Steppe during the Last Century of Ottoman Rule: Hawran and the Palmyrena". In Mundy, Martha; Musallam, Basim (eds.). The Transformation of Nomadic Society in the Arab East. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 42. ISBN 0-521-77057-2.
6. بعد 6 أيام من تثبيت سيطرتها على معقل تنظيم “الدولة الإسلامية” في حماة, Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, 9 September 2017.
7. معركة الوجود الأخير يخوضها تنظيم “الدولة الإسلامية” وأكثر من 400 قتيل من قوات النظام والتنظيم خلال أقل من أسبوعين من القتال الطاحن
8. Sophie McNeill; Fouad Abu Gosh (4 October 2017). "Amid Syria's horrors, a desert massacre passes unnoticed as survivors claim dozens killed by government forces". ABC News. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
9. "The Second Largest Mosaic In Syria, Belonging To An Early Byzantine Church, Discovered". Realm of History. 7 May 2018.