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The Woman in the Window
The Woman in the Window
	Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Fritz Lang
Screenplay by	Nunnally Johnson
Based on	Once Off Guard (1942); by J. H. Wallis
Produced by	Nunnally Johnson
Starring	Edward G. Robinson; Joan Bennett; Raymond Massey; Dan Duryea
Cinematography	Milton R. Krasner
Edited by	Gene Fowler Jr.; Marjorie Fowler
Music by	Arthur Lange
Production; company	International Pictures
Distributed by	RKO Pictures
Release date	November 3, 1944 (United States);
Running time	99 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English

The Woman in the Window is a 1944 American film noir directed by Fritz Lang and starring Edward G. Robinson, Joan Bennett, Raymond Massey, and Dan Duryea. It tells the story of a middle-aged psychology professor^[2] who murders in self-defense the lover of a young femme fatale he just met while his family is on vacation.^[3]

The film is based on J. H. Wallis' 1942 novel Once Off Guard. Screenwriter Nunnally Johnson, having written the script for The Grapes of Wrath (1940), was invited by International Pictures to a picture deal, and The Woman in the Window was chosen as its premiere project.

The term "film noir" originated as a genre description in part because of The Woman in the Window.^[4]

Plot

After college professor Richard Wanley sends his wife and two children off on vacation, he goes to his club to meet friends. Next door, Wanley sees a striking oil portrait of Alice Reed in a storefront window. He and his friends talk about the beautiful painting and its subject. Wanley stays at the club and reads Song of Songs. When he leaves, Wanley stops at the portrait and meets Reed, who is standing near the painting watching people gaze at it. Reed convinces Wanley to join her for drinks.

Later, they go to Reed's home, but an unexpected visit from her rich clandestine lover Claude Mazard, known to Reed initially only as Frank Howard, leads to a fight in which Wanley kills Mazard in self-defense. Wanley and Reed conspire to cover up the murder, and Wanley disposes of Mazard's body in the country. However, Wanley leaves many clues, and there are a number of witnesses. One of Wanley's friends from the club, district attorney Frank Lalor, has knowledge of the investigation, and Wanley is invited back to the crime scene as Lalor's friend but not as a suspect. On several occasions, Wanley slips and says things that seem to indicate that he may know more about the murder than he should, but Lalor does not suspect Wanley.

As the police gather more evidence, Reed is blackmailed by Heidt, a crooked ex-cop who had been hired to follow Mazard. Wanley and Reed discuss the problem, and he concludes that the best way to deal with a blackmailer is to kill him. Wanley gives Reed prescription medicine in powder form for the murder. When Heidt arrives to collect his extorted payment, he suggests that she leave the country with him in exchange for forgetting about the crime. Reed plays along, but Heidt is suspicious when she insists he drink from his tainted cocktail. He angrily takes the money and leaves after deducing her plan. Reed calls Wanley to tell him of the failed attempt, causing him to overdose on the remaining prescription powder in a suicide attempt.

Meanwhile, Heidt is killed in a shootout immediately after leaving Reed's home, and police believe that Heidt is Mazard's murderer. Reed, seeing that the police have killed Heidt, races to her home to call Wanley, who is slumped over in his chair and apparently dies. In a match cut, Wanley awakens in his chair at his club, and he realizes that the entire ordeal was a dream in which employees from the club were the main characters. As he steps out on the street in front of the painting, a woman asks Wanley for a light. He adamantly refuses and runs down the street.

Cast

Edward G. Robinson as Professor Richard Wanley
Joan Bennett as Alice Reed
Raymond Massey as District Attorney Frank Lalor
Edmund Breon as Dr. Michael Barkstane
Dan Duryea as Heidt/Ted, the Doorman
Thomas E. Jackson as Inspector Jackson, Homicide Bureau
Dorothy Peterson as Mrs. Wanley
Arthur Loft as Claude Mazard/Frank Howard/Charlie the Hat-Check Man
Iris Adrian as Streetwalker

Production

As in Lang's Scarlet Street (1945), Robinson plays a lonely middle-aged man and Duryea and Bennett co-star as the criminal elements. The two films also share the same cinematographer (Milton R. Krasner) and several supporting actors.

In the final scene, Robinson wore a tear-away suit with his original suit underneath. The crew changed the set behind him to complete the return to his club while Robinson remained in the chair.

Reception

Critical response

When the film was released, the staff at Variety magazine lauded the film and wrote, "Nunnally Johnson whips up a strong and decidedly suspenseful murder melodrama in Woman in the Window. The producer, who also prepared the screenplay (from the novel Once off Guard by J.H. Wallis), continually punches across the suspense for constant and maximum audience reaction. Added are especially fine timing in the direction by Fritz Lang and outstanding performances by Edward G. Robinson, Joan Bennett, Raymond Massey and Dan Duryea."^[5]

The film holds a 88% rating on Rotten Tomatoes as of May 2022.^[6] In August 2015, the online entertainment magazine Paste named the film the best film noir of all time.^[7]

Awards

At the 18th Academy Awards, The Woman in the Window was nominated for Best Scoring of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture for Hugo Friedhofer and Arthur Lange. However, Miklós Rózsa won the award for Spellbound (1945).^[8]

References

^ "The Woman in the Window: Detail View". American Film Institute. Retrieved July 2, 2024.
^ Biesen, Sheri Chinen (2005). Blackout: World War II and the origins of film noir. Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 978-0-8018-8218-0
^ The Woman in the Window at the AFI Catalog of Feature Films.
^ Silver, Alain, and Elizabeth Ward, eds. Film Noir: An Encyclopedic Reference to the American Style, page 1, 3rd edition, 1992. Woodstock, NY: The Overlook Press. ISBN 0-87951-479-5.
^ Variety. Staff film review, 1945. Accessed: August 14, 2013.
^ "The Woman in the Window". Rotten Tomatoes. 2016. Retrieved July 26, 2016.
^ "The 100 Best Film Noirs of All Time". Paste. November 3, 2023. Retrieved July 2, 2024.
^ 1946 Academy Award nominations and winners for films released in 1945 at Oscar.org