Tetraoxidane

Tetraoxidane

Names
IUPAC name Tetraoxidane
Other names Hydroxyperoxide, dihydrogen tetroxide, diperoxide, bisperoxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	29683-94-1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	4417295
PubChem CID	5250043
InChI InChI=1S/H2O4/c1-3-4-2/h1-2H Key: RSPISYXLHRIGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES OOOO
Properties
Chemical formula	H2O4
Molar mass	66.012 g·mol^−1
Density	1.8±0.1 g/cm^3
Related compounds
Related compounds	Pentaoxidane
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Tetraoxidane is an inorganic compound of hydrogen and oxygen with the chemical formula H
₂O
₄.^[1][2][3] This is one of the unstable hydrogen polyoxides.^[4]

Synthesis

The compound is prepared by a chemical reaction between hydroperoxyl radicals (HO₂•) at low temperatures:^[5][6]

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2HO_{2}^{\bullet }\xrightarrow {} H_{2}O_{4}} }$

Physical properties

This is the fourth member of the polyoxidanes. The first three are water [(mon)oxidane], hydrogen peroxide (dioxidane), and trioxidane. Tetroxidane is more unstable than the previous compounds. The term "tetraoxidane" extends beyond the parent compound to several daughter compounds of the general formula R
₂O
₄, where R can be hydrogen, halogen atoms, or various inorganic and organic monovalent radicals. The two Rs together can be replaced by a divalent radical, so heterocyclic tetroxidanes also exist.^[7]

Ionization

Tetroxidane autoionizes when in liquid form:

${\displaystyle \mathrm {H_{2}O_{4}\rightleftarrows H^{+}+HO_{4}^{-}} }$

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2H_{2}O_{4}\rightleftarrows H_{3}O_{4}^{+}+HO_{4}^{-}} }$

References

1. Mckay, Daniel J.; Wright, James S. (1 February 1998). "How Long Can You Make an Oxygen Chain?". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 120 (5): 1003–1013. doi:10.1021/ja971534b. ISSN 0002-7863. Retrieved 16 May 2023.
2. "hydroxyperoxide". ChemScr. Retrieved 15 May 2023.
3. The Chemistry of Peroxides, Volume 3. John Wiley & Sons. 20 April 2015. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-118-41271-8. Retrieved 15 May 2023.
4. "Selected ATcT [1, 2] enthalpy of formation based on version 1.122 of the Thermochemical Network [3]". atct.anl.gov. Retrieved 15 May 2023.
5. Levanov, Alexander V.; Sakharov, Dmitri V.; Dashkova, Anna V.; Antipenko, Ewald E.; Lunin, Valeri V. (2011). "Synthesis of Hydrogen Polyoxides H2O4 and H2O3 and Their Characterization by Raman Spectroscopy". European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 2011 (33): 5144–5150. doi:10.1002/ejic.201100767.
6. Möller, Detlev (19 February 2019). Fundamentals and Processes. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 276. ISBN 978-3-11-056126-5. Retrieved 15 May 2023.
7. Curutchet, Antton; Colinet, Pauline; Michel, Carine; Steinmann, Stephan N.; Le Bahers, Tangui (2020). "Two-sites are better than one: revisiting the OER mechanism on CoOOH by DFT with electrode polarization" (PDF). Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 22 (13): 7031–7038. Bibcode:2020PCCP...22.7031C. doi:10.1039/D0CP00281J. PMID 32195492. S2CID 213191538. Retrieved 15 May 2023.